Abstract: A detect/modulate circuit comprises a plurality of modulate resistors connected to a main resistor of a bandgap in series, and each module resistor is connected to a transistor switch in parallel, and each transistor switch is connected to a logic controller, and the logic controller is connected in sequence to a plurality of detect circuits and fuses corresponding to the quantity of the transistor switches. When the detect circuit receives a low-to-high power-on reset signal to detect whether or not the fuse is fused, the detect circuit will issue a voltage level signal “0” for the fuse being not fused or a voltage level signal “1” for the fuse being fused to the logic controller. The logic controller converts the received voltage level signal according to a logic conversion table to control the electric connection of the corresponding transistor switch, so as to fine turn the main resistance of the bandgap.

Abstract: A converting circuit, for preventing wrong error correction code from occurring due to an error correction rule during data reading operation is provided. When the flash memory controller writes all 0xFF data into the flash memory, the byte error correction rule generates a set of correct error correction codes and the error correction code converting circuit converts the set of correct error correction codes into 0xFF error correction codes, and values stored in the data area and error correction code area of the flash memory are converted into 0xFF to prevent wrong error correction code from occurring during data reading operation when the error correction codes are not completely 0xFF.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a virtual integrated drive electronics (IDE) storage device with a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) Express interface. The storage device includes a microcontroller connected to a PCI Express connecting interface and a flash memory separately. The microcontroller includes a flash memory interface, a PCI Express interface and a virtual IDE module. The virtual IDE module includes an IDE host and an IDE device. When the host sends an instruction for storing or reading data to a flash memory, the instruction will be sent to and executed in the virtual IDE module. The data in the flash memory can be transmitted at a transmission rate up to the standard of an IDE device, and the host will consider the storage device as an IDE device instead of a PCI Express device only.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a virtual universal serial bus (USB) card reader with a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) Express interface. The card reader includes a microcontroller connected to a PCI Express connecting interface and a memory card connecting interface separately. The microcontroller includes a memory card interface, a PCI Express interface and a virtual USB module. The virtual USB module includes a USB host and a USB device. If a host gives an instruction to a memory card connected to the card reader for storing or reading data, the instruction will be sent to and executed by the virtual USB module. The data in the memory card can be transmitted at a transmission rate up to the USB standard, and the host will consider the card reader as a USB device instead of simply a PCI Express device.

Abstract: A virtual universal serial bus (USB) flash memory storage device with a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) Express including a microcontroller connected separately to a flash memory and PCI Express connecting interface, and the microcontroller has a flash memory interface, a PCI Express interface and a virtual USB module and the virtual USB module includes a USB host and a USB device. If a host gives a USB instruction for saving or reading to the storage device, the USB instruction will be sent to and executed by the virtual USB module and the required data processing for saving or reading will be completed through the flash memory interface and the flash memory. The data in the storage device can be transmitted with a PCI Express standard transmission rate, and the host considers the storage device as a USB device instead of a pure PCI Express device.