Abstract: In a normal operation of a roll stand (e.g. 4) of a roll train, working rolls (10) of the roll stand (4) are adjusted to a roll gap (s4) by adjusting a control element position (p4) of a control element (14) of the roll stand (4), such that the working rolls (10) roll the metal band (5). To determine the control element position (p4) to be adjusted, a calibration value (sC4) of the respective roll stand (4), further status parameters (P4) of the roll stand (4) and a target roll gap (s4*) are specified to a model (15) of the roll stand (4). The model (15) determines the control element position (p4) to be adjusted therefrom. In the calibration operation, a control element position (p4) is initially adjusted such that the metal band (5) passes through the roll stand (4) without being rolled. The control element position (p4) is varied such that the working rolls (10) roll the metal band (5). A thickness (d) of the metal band (5) is detected by a downstream thickness-measuring device (9).

Abstract: A gas scrubber cone condition monitoring system has a sealed gas scrubber cone (9) moveably mounted in a gas pipe (1), a collar (5) fixedly mounted radially outward of the cone in the gas pipe and a pressure tap (12) into the sealed cone. The pressure tap is coupled to a condition monitor (17, 18) via an input line (16). An output line (14) from the condition monitor is coupled to a gas pipe (15), downstream of the sealed cone. The condition monitor includes at least one of a pressure gauge and a gas flow meter.

Abstract: A method and a device for producing granulates (1) which are obtained by the method steps: intensively mixing raw materials (2) and optionally additives (6) by adding water (3) to form a mixture (4); introducing the mixture (4) and optional additives (6) into a granulator (11); granulating the mixture (4) by adding water (3) to form raw granulates (12); introducing the raw granulates (12), water (3) and optional additives (6) into a rolling drum (17) and rolling the raw granulates (12) to form the granulates (1).

Abstract: Monitoring of a line system (1) in which a liquid medium (3) is guided in a line (2). The current pressure of the liquid medium (3) in the line (2) and in the associated current flow are sensed at sensing times. The two values are fed to a computing unit (5). The computing unit (5) calculates a theoretical flow of the liquid medium (3) in the line (2) from the sensed current pressure by taking into account a specified flow function. The flow function describes a physical relationship between the theoretical flow of the liquid medium (3) and the current pressure of the liquid medium (3). The computing unit (5) determines an individual degree of clogging on the basis of the current flow and the theoretical flow. On the basis of a number of determined individual degrees of clogging and by using stochastic methods, the computing unit (5) calculates an interval within which a degree of clogging of the line system (1) lies with a probability to be defined.

Abstract: A method for supplying energy to a scrap metal pile (9) in an electric arc furnace (2). Energy is supplied by jets of hot gas in a first phase. Energy is supplied by electric arcs in a second phase after the first phase is completed. Hot gas is supplied via at least six jets. A device (1) for the method has an electric arc furnace (2), one or more blowing devices (6a, 6b, 6c), supply jets of reactant hot air into the chamber (7) of the electric arc furnace (8). The devices have a total of at least six nozzles (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d, 10e, 10f) with nozzle openings. Fuel conducting devices (8) supply fuel to the jets of reactant hot air.

Abstract: A supply chute, and a system and a method for supplying sinter material from a sinter belt to a sinter cooler (26). A flow of the sinter material (16) is input into the supply chute (1). The flow of sinter material (16) after being input is concentrated by a device in the chute. This means that the flow is remixed for more uniform grain size distribution. The flow is thereafter widened by a widening device in the chute. Then the widened flow of sinter material (16), optionally after making the movement direction of the flow of sinter material (16) uniform, the flow is passed through a segregation device (8,25) and is there segregated, which means that a grain size distribution across the thickness and across the width of the flow is made more uniform. This occurs after the widened flow of sinter material moves in the direction of the output region (5).

Abstract: A winding machine (100; 100a, 100b) for wrapping strands of rolled material, such as a bar, a rod, wire or the like, around a reel into coils: a reel (50; 50a, 50b); a base flange (1) defining a first catching recess (6) intended to receive an end of a first strand (17; 17a, 17b); a first cover (9) movable between an open position leaving the first catching recess (6) exposed and a closed position covering the first catching recess (6) to form a closed passage for the end of the first strand (17; 17a, 17b) in order to secure the end of the first strand to the reel (50; 50a, 50b). At least a second element (2) defining a second catching recess (4); and at least a second cover (8) movable between an open position leaving the further catching recess (4) exposed and a closed position covering the second catching recess (4) to form a closed passage for the end of a second strand (27; 27a, 27b) in order to secure the end of the second strand to the reel (50; 50a, 50b).

Abstract: A method and apparatus for flatness measuring and measuring of residual stresses in a metallic flat product (1): The method includes bending the flat product (1) in a bending device (3) such that a planar flat product (1) forms an arc (5) with a target bending radius r0 after bending; measuring the contour and the actual bending radii r(y), in the region of the arc (5) of the bent flat product (1) at a plurality of positions along the width direction of the flat product (1); and determining the flatness of the flat product (1) taking into account the measured contour of the bent flat product (1).

Abstract: A cooling section for flat rolling stock (1) has a working region (2), through which the flat rolling stock (1) is guided. The working region (2) can be supplied with a liquid coolant (4) by means of a number of spray beams (3i). The liquid coolant (4) is fed from a reservoir (7) for the liquid coolant (4) to the spray beams (3i) by means of a pump (5) and a supply system (6). Valves (9i) are arranged upstream of the spray beams (3i) in the supply system (6). Opening positions (si) of the valves (9i) are set by a control unit (10) of the cooling section according to a respective sub-flow (fi) that is to be applied to the flat rolling stock (1) by means of each spray beam (3i). Also, the delivery rate (M) of the pump (5) and/or a line pressure (p) generated by the pump (5) in the supply system (6) are set by the control unit (10) according to the total flow (F) that is to be applied to the flat rolling stock (1) by means of all the spray beams (3i).

Abstract: A driver roller (1, 18) having a rolling body (22) and at least one axle shaft journal (3, 5, 19, 32). The at least one axle shaft journal (3, 5, 19, 32) is fixed to the rolling body (22) indirectly via at least one support element (4, 6, 21, 25, 27, 29), which is fixed to the rolling body (22), by means of removable connecting means. The at least one axle shaft journal (3, 5, 32) is arranged such that the longitudinal axis of the journal is coaxial to the longitudinal axis of the rolling body (22), and the axle shaft journal is a separate component. The support element (4, 6, 21, 25, 27, 29) has the shape of a ring or a disk with a groove (30) in an end wall of the ring- or disk-shaped support element (4, 6, 21, 25, 27, 29). The support element (4, 6, 21, 25, 27, 29) has a flange (31) on which the axle shaft journal (3, 5, 19, 32) is flange-mounted. Such a driver roller can be easily assembled from modules, thereby simplifying maintenance and storage.

Abstract: A winding machine (100; 100a, 100b) for wrapping strands of rolled material, such as a bar, a rod, wire or the like, around a reel into coils: a reel (50; 50a, 50b); a base flange (1) defining a first catching recess (6) intended to receive an end of a first strand (17; 17a, 17b); a first cover (9) movable between an open position leaving the first catching recess (6) exposed and a closed position covering the first catching recess (6) to form a closed passage for the end of the first strand (17; 17a, 17b) in order to secure the end of the first strand to the reel (50; 50a, 50b). At least a second element (2) defining a second catching recess (4); and at least a second cover (8) movable between an open position leaving the further catching recess (4) exposed and a closed position covering the second catching recess (4) to form a closed passage for the end of a second strand (27; 27a, 27b) in order to secure the end of the second strand to the reel (50; 50a, 50b).

Abstract: A monitoring device (6) records variables that are characteristic of operating parameters of a continuous casting mold (1) for casting a metal strand (2). The monitoring device (6) records at least some of the characteristic variables by independently performing measurements during the casting of the metal strand (2). The monitoring device (6) forms groups (G1, G2) of operating parameters and independently tests whether the operating parameters of the respective group (G1, G2) satisfy a respective predetermined stability criterion. The monitoring device (6) accepts the operating parameters into a database (12). The monitoring device (6) determines those data records (11) contained in the database (12) that coincide in their input variables with the basic operating parameters and determines admissible operating parameter ranges for supplementary operating parameters.

Abstract: In a process and apparatus for the reduction of metal oxides (3) to form metalized material by contact with hot reducing gas, which is produced at least partially by catalytic reformation of a mixture of a gas containing carbon dioxide (CO2) and/or steam (H2O) with gaseous hydrocarbons, the heat for the endothermal reformation processes which take place during the reformation is provided at least partially by the combustion of a fuel gas.

Abstract: A work roll cooling apparatus for a rolling mill includes: at least one chock (200) which is configured to support a work roll (100) in the rolling mill. The work roll (100) has an axis (X) about which it is rotatable. A shroud (300) so positioned adjacent the work roll rolling surface (100a) when the roll is in use to provide a cooling space within which a coolant is brought into contact with the work roll (100). The shroud includes a first part (301) disposed on the chock (200) to provide a predetermined gap (G) between the first part (301) and the work roll (100), a second part (302), and a connection for releasably connecting the first and second parts (301, 302).

Abstract: A metallurgical melting vessel has a vertical shaft, surrounded by a housing wall, which receives steel scrap. At least one closure element, having laterally spaced-apart fingers extending parallel to one another, is mounted such that it can move between a closed position and an open position. In the closed position, the fingers protrude at least partially into the shaft for the purpose of holding back steel scrap. In the open position, the fingers free the shaft at least to such an extent that the steel scrap can fall from the shaft into the melting vessel. The at least one closure element is mounted so as to be movable from the side of the shaft into the shaft and laterally thereoutof.

Abstract: A cooling section for a flat rolled material (1) has a frame structure (2), in which a plurality of transport rollers (3) for the flat rolled material (1) are arranged one after another transversely to a transport direction (x) and spaced apart (a). Each transport roller (3) mounted in the frame structure (2) rotates about a respective roller axis (4). The roller axes (4) run orthogonally to the transport direction (x) and horizontally, so that the transport rollers (4) form a pass line (5) for the flat rolled material (1). At least one lower spray bar (6) arranged beneath the pass line (5) has a base block (7) beneath the transport rollers (3) for a liquid coolant (8). Guide sections (9) project upwards from the base block (7) into spaces between the transport rollers (3). Each guide section (9) has an upper terminating element (10) on which spray nozzles (11) are arranged, which feed the coolant (8), which had been fed into the base block (7), to be sprayed onto the flat rolled material (1) from below.

Abstract: A reel for winding metal strip, in particular rolled hot strip, having a mandrel shaft (2), which has a first shaft end piece (18), which is rotably mounted by means of at least one bearing (4) provided in the machine frame (3) of the reel, a clamping device (5) arranged between the at least one bearing (4) and the mandrel shaft (2), such that, in a clamped operating state, a frictional connection can be produced between the at least one bearing (4) and the mandrel shaft (2).

Abstract: A flat rolled article (2) passes through a cooling device (1) in a transportation direction (x) at the level of a passline (3). Spray bars (5, 6) extend transversely with respect to the transportation direction (x). The spray bars (5, 6) have, as viewed perpendicular to the transportation direction (x), in each case two outer regions (7, 8) and a central region (9) in between. A liquid cooling medium (13) can be fed into the regions (7, 8, 9) via respective dedicated, individually controllable valve devices (10, 11, 12). Flow rate profiles, pertaining to each region may be set, wherein each region (7, 8, 9) is triangular in shape. The central triangle and the two outer triangles combine to form a rectangle.

Abstract: Operating method for a reversing rolling mill having at least one reversing rolling stand (2) for rolling a rolled metal stock (5), wherein the stock (5) passes the at least one reversing rolling stand (2) in a sequence of alternating direction passes (7) and after each pass, the stock is wound up by a reversing reel (3, 4), wherein only rolling oil, without water as a carrier medium, is applied to the stock (5) by rolling-oil applicator (6), between the at least one reversing rolling stand (2) and the winding-up reel (31, 41).

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed for treating process water which is loaded with gaseous compounds and/or possibly with solids and comes from a wet-cleaning installation for cleaning process gas, e.g., from a melt-reduction subassembly or from a direct-reduction subassembly. Process water is introduced in a tank in a first process stage and degassed on the basis of reduced solubility of the dissolved compounds. The tank has, on its upper side, a gas-collecting chamber, in which the separated-off gases are collected and from which these are discharged. Likewise, the treated process water is discharged from the tank via a drainage means.