Abstract: A separation column for use in a separation process such as chromatography, electrochromatography and electrophoresis is described. The separation column includes multiple collocated monolith support structures and interconnected channels defined by the support structures. The monolith support structures and interconnected channels are created on a substrate using an isotropic etching. The separation column also includes a cover plate disposed on the etched surface of the substrate, creating an enclosed separation column.

Abstract: A process for recovering cellulose using sulfuric acid and utilizing the recovered cellulose by hydrolysis to yield glucose. Cellulosic raw materials are hydrolyzed by dilute sulfuric acid to remove hemicellulose, after which the solid residue is separated and is treated with concentrated sulfuric acid to dissolve cellulose contained therein. After blending and mixing of the residue in the concentrated sulfuric acid under mild reaction conditions, cellulose is reprecipitated by addition of water or an organic solvent such as methanol. The recovered cellulose can then be hydrolyzed by cellulose enzymes and/or dilute acids to provide a high yield of glucose. High level recovery and reconcentration of the sulfuric acid is also disclosed.