Abstract: In one embodiment a method includes receiving a packet including a destination media access control (MAC) address field having a MAC address of a hypervisor and a destination Internet protocol (IP) address field having an IP address of a virtual machine (VM) coupled to the hypervisor. The method further determines a MAC address of the VM using the IP address of the VM and applies the VM MAC address to the destination MAC address field of the packet to forward the packet to the VM.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the methods and systems may include receiving an Application Program Interface (API) request, assigning a unique identifier to the API request, recording, in association with the unique identifier, receipt time corresponding to a time at which the API request is received, and associating one or more system state changes with the unique identifier. Advantageously, the present embodiments provide a more accurate failure monitoring and associated metrics. Additional benefits and advantages of the present embodiments will become evident in the following description.

Abstract: An example method for storing data includes providing a plurality of physical storage pools, each storage pool including a plurality of storage nodes coupled to a network. The method also includes mapping a partition of a plurality of partitions to a set of physical storage pools, where each physical storage pool of the set of physical storage pools is located in a different availability zone, and the storage nodes within an availability zone are subject to a correlated loss of access to stored data. The method further includes receiving a data management request over the network, the data management request being associated with a data object. The method also includes identifying a first partition of the plurality of partitions corresponding to the received data management request and manipulating the data object in the physical storage pools mapped to the first partition in accordance with the data management request.

Abstract: An example system for indexing heterogeneous resources includes a data module that invokes one or more APIs, and responsive to the invoked one or more APIs, receives a first set of attributes of one or more cloud resources of a first subset of the set of cloud resources and a second set of attributes of one or more cloud resources of a second subset of the set of cloud resources. The system also includes a normalization module that for at least one attribute of the first and second sets of attributes, searches a database for a normalized attribute corresponding to the respective one attribute, normalizes based on the uniform schema the respective attribute, and places the normalized attribute in a data structure. The system further includes an indexing module that indexes the normalized attributes in the data structure.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a distributed database system supporting flexible configuration of data clusters is disclosed. The system includes a cluster manager, an index, and a dataset distributed over one or more database clusters. Where the nodes of the clusters may report ownership of a particular range, the index contains an alternate range. The cluster manager receives requests to access a range of data within database and queries the index to determine the appropriate nodes and/or clusters with which to connect. The cluster manager then directs the requestor to connect to the specified nodes and/or clusters.

Abstract: An improved scalable object storage system allows multiple clusters to work together. In one embodiment, a trust and federation relationship is established between a first cluster and a second cluster. This is done by designating a first cluster as a trust root. The trust root receives contact from another cluster, and the two clusters exchange cryptographic credentials. The two clusters mutually authenticate each other based upon the credentials, and optionally relative to a third information service, and establish a service connection. Services from the remote cluster are registered as being available to the cluster designated as the trust root. Multi-cluster gateways can also be designated as the trust root, and joined clusters can be mutually untrusting. Two one-way trust and federation relationships can be set up to form a trusted bidirectional channel.

Abstract: A system and methods are provided for function-specific tracing of a program. In one embodiment, a method includes generating a trace profile identifying one or more functions of a target program, wherein the trace profile identifies one or more functions to trace and depth of tracing for each function to be traced, loading the trace profile and the target program, identifying traced functions in the target program based on the trace profile, patching the target program to call a trace parameter for one or more functions, wherein traced functions are declared at runtime, and observing function calls for traced functions of the application. In this regard, individual functions are traced and debugged on a function-by-function basis without modifying the code or pre-arranging functions so they are traceable. As such, the scope of tracing may be dynamically limited to yield only information that is desired.

Abstract: A REST-based event distribution system is described, with particular applicability to the distribution of distributed filesystem notifications over a high-latency best-effort network such as the Internet. In one embodiment, event channels are mapped to URL spaces and created and distributed through the use of HTTP POST and GET requests. The system is optimized for short polling by clients; an event history is maintained to buffer messages and maintain the idempotence of requests. In another embodiment, the events are registered as a SIP event pack allowing for the distribution of filesystem events.

Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention is directed to a system with multiple computing hosts each having a hypervisor to provide a virtual environment for the host and one or more containers each including a database instance and at least one database. These databases, and the database instance can be provided as a service to a user of a multi-tenant environment.

Abstract: Several different embodiments of a massively scalable object storage system are described. The object storage system is particularly useful for storage in a cloud computing installation whereby shared servers provide resources, software, and data to computers and other devices on demand. In several embodiments, the object storage system includes a ring implementation used to associate object storage commands with particular physical servers such that certain guarantees of consistency, availability, and performance can be met. In other embodiments, the object storage system includes a synchronization protocol used to order operations across a distributed system. In a third set of embodiments, the object storage system includes a metadata management system. In a fourth set of embodiments, the object storage system uses a structured information synchronization system. Features from each set of embodiments can be used to improve the performance and scalability of a cloud computing object storage system.

Abstract: A system for providing network control and resource management includes a database storing a plurality of network resources. The system also includes a network controller that receives a request for a network resource. The network controller may include an resource manager that determines, based on the request, a set of available network resources from the plurality of network resources. The resource manager may provide the set of available network resources to a client and update the database based on providing the set of available network resources.

Abstract: A validation tool is provided for a representational state transfer (REST) service. In one embodiment, a method for validating documentation of a REST service includes including detecting one or more messages for a REST service by a validator, wherein the one or more messages are intercepted for the REST service, translating documentation of the REST service, by the validator, into a representation of an automaton, and validating the one or more messages by the validator based on the automaton, wherein validation of the messages determines conformance of the REST service to the documentation of the REST service.

Abstract: A rack management method and system is disclosed. The method includes detecting the presence of a computing device releasably mounted in a frame, the detecting based on an electrical connection established between a configuration bar disposed in a rear portion of the frame and the computing device, and determining a physical location of the computing device within the frame based on the electrical connection. The method also includes retrieving management information about the computing device from a profile storage disposed within the computing device via the electrical connection and storing the management information in a management table, the management table associating the computing device with the physical location within the frame.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a cloud computing system provides user extensibility by providing a plugin interface for major systems. Plugin interfaces for a compute service, object service, network service, authentication and authorization service, message service, and image service are disclosed. One or more of the plugin interfaces can be used to alter the allocation of virtual to physical resources across multiple services. Compound services and smart allocation facilities are possible with user-directed modification.

Abstract: A rack management method and system is disclosed. The method includes detecting the presence of a computing device releasably mounted in a frame, the detecting based on an electrical connection established between a configuration bar disposed in a rear portion of the frame and the computing device, and determining a physical location of the computing device within the frame based on the electrical connection. The method also includes retrieving management information about the computing device from a profile storage disposed within the computing device via the electrical connection and storing the management information in a management table, the management table associating the computing device with the physical location within the frame.

Abstract: A cloud computing system includes a physical resource pool that includes a number of information processing devices. Each information processing device includes a processor, a computer-readable medium, and a network interface. The system further includes a first cloud controller to manage a first cloud infrastructure, the first cloud infrastructure operating a first set of virtualized resources, the first set of virtualized resources having access to the physical resource pool through the first cloud controller. The system further includes a second cloud controller to manage a second cloud infrastructure, the second cloud infrastructure utilizing the first set of virtual resources to operate a second set of virtual resources, the second set of virtual resources being provided access to the physical resource pool through the second cloud controller and the first cloud controller.

Abstract: In one embodiment, there is a multi-cluster synchronization system between two or more clusters. The multi-cluster synchronization system uses variable compression to optimize the transfer of information between the clusters. Compression is used not only to minimize the total number of bytes sent between the two clusters, but to dynamically vary the size of the objects sent across the wire to optimize for higher throughput after considering packet loss, TCP windows, and block sizes. This includes both the packaging of multiple small files together into one larger compressed file, saving on TCP and header overhead, but also the chunking of large files into multiple smaller files that are less likely to have difficulties due to intermittent network congestion or errors. A further embodiment uses forward error correction to maximize the chances that the remote end will be able to correctly reconstitute the transmission.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes obtaining information to determine a location of a data center device, communicating the information and an identity of a user of a portable device to an augmented reality manager, and receiving in the portable device overlay information responsive to the communication and a type of the user. This information can then be displayed over a view of the data center device on a display of the portable device.

Abstract: A virtual machine management system is used to instantiate, wake, move, sleep, and destroy individual operating environments in a cloud or cluster. In various embodiments, there is a method and system for transferring an operating environment from a first host to a second host. The first host contains an active environment, with a disk and memory. The disk is snapshotted while the operating environment on the first host is still live, and the snapshot is transferred to the second host. After the initial snapshot is transferred, a differential update using rsync or a similar mechanism can be used to transfer just the changes from the snapshot from the first to the second host. In a further embodiment, the contents of the memory are also transferred. This memory can be transferred as a snapshot after pausing the active environment, or by synchronizing the memory spaces between the two hosts.

Abstract: A cloud computing system configured to run virtual machine instances is disclosed. The cloud computing system assigns an identity to each virtual machine instance. When the virtual machine instance accesses initial configuration resources, it provides this identity to the resources to authenticate itself. This allows for flexible and extensible initial configuration of virtual machine instances.