Abstract: A method and device for coordination of a signal to a sound event stored on a magnetic tape or the like, particularly for signalizing and locating the sound event. A tape drive device is operatively coupled with a counter. The sound playback is started, and when the user recognizes the sound event, the counter, in functional relationship with the tape transport, is activated. After a certain time interval or upon the occurrence of a counter value, the magnetic tape is shifted back and a repeated playback begins. Upon attaining the count condition ("O") the counter turns on a signal device providing a marking location signal. Upon a non-correspondence in time of the location signal with the sound event, the count condition of the counter, and thus the location signal, can be charged relative to the sound event, and the location signal is used for positioning the sound event with respect to a reference point on the device.

Abstract: An objective of the pancratic type includes a varifocal front lens group and a fixed-focus rear lens group, the latter consisting of five air-spaced singlets. The front lens group is constituted by a positive first component consisting of three singlets, an axially shiftable negative second component consisting of a singlet and a doublet, and an axially shiftable positive third component in the form of a nearly planoconvex singlet of low power.

Abstract: A projection device with a projection system for motion picture films, transparencies, slides, etc., for their imaging (if necessary remotely) on a projection screen, a translucent light-transmitting screen or the like, the projection system having a light source and optical lens members forming an objective lens. A photographing device is provided for so-called instant pictures which are derived from the imaging and from the picture content, respectively. For the performance of the photographing of any instant picture respectively, there is provided a device for the aperture reduction of the projection system, which device increases the image sharpness on the light-sensitive layer of the instant picture to be exposed, which device is effective only during the photographing, and respectively, during the exposure, whereby the light-sensitive layer of the instant picture preferably is only arranged in the focal plane of the projection system during the photographing.

Abstract: A focusing device for the focusing movement of at least one member of an objective lens, with at least one photoelectric transducer or sensing device which is arranged on the axis of an optical system, by which transducer device in dependency on the contrast of the scene to be photographed which is illuminated by the ambient light a signal is able to be produced (passive range finding) and with an evaluation device for the signal which is produced by the photoelectric transducer device, by which device a special evaluation signal is able to be produced during insufficient contrast of the object to be photographed. By this special evaluation signal, a transmitting device for emitting an (active) distance measuring wave packet on the object to be photographed can be turned on by means of a switching device.

Abstract: A system for performance of photographing with moving picture cameras, still picture cameras or television cameras, particularly of direct sound - movie picture photography, whereby a signal receptor - and/or transmitting - device is coordinated to each photographic object, and the running time between the photographic object, and respectively, between the signal receptor - and/or transmitting - device and the camera is used for determining the distance of the photographic object from the camera and under the circumstances for the automatic distance setting of its camera taking lens.

Abstract: Thin walled components, which are moving or capable of movement, are stopped or clamped by the cooperation between an electromagnet core and an independent short-circuit component. The mobile component is always in contact with the core of the electromagnet and with the short-circuit component such that no noise is produced when the mobile component is stopped or clamped.

Abstract: A pancratic camera objective of varifocal ratio close to 5:1, and with a relative aperture varying between 1:1.2 in a wide-angle position and 1:1.5 in a telephoto position, has a pair of axially shiftable negative components bracketed by a pair of substantially fixed positive components. Its negative third component is more widely separated from its positive fourth component in the wide-angle position than in the telephoto position.

Abstract: A method for TV recording of pictures from a moving picture film which is continuously moved relative to a recording screen, the pictures of the film each being periodically scanned linewise, whereby the moving picture frequency with respect to the scanning frequency is in a predetermined relation with respect to each other for the purpose of achieving a predetermined recording picture frequency, for example of 50 pictures per second. With different moving picture frequencies (f.sub.L) the following relationship with respect to the scanning frequency (f.sub.A) is maintained:f.sub.L +f.sub.A =+Fin which F means the desired recording picture frequency, whereby at least with one of the moving picture frequencies which is used, fractions of a picture are scanned per scanning period, which fractions differ from 1 picture, particularly exceeding 1.

Abstract: In an optical system having a lens with adjustable focal length, an adjustable aperture plate, and a light-meter device attached to the aperture plate adjustment device, apparatus for connecting the focal-length adjustment device so that the aperture opening is limited by the focal length adjustment device. Additionally, a signalling device emits a signal of the aperture opening defined by the focal-length adjusting device is smaller than the opening if the aperture plate controlled by the light-meter device. In another embodiment an additional variable aperture is located in front of the light-meter device and the adjustment device for this additional aperture is also connected to the focal-length adjustment device.

Abstract: A motion-picture camera switchable to long-term exposure, in the presence of insufficient illumination for normal filming, has a photodetector which in the long-term mode controls a timing circuit measuring the length of an exposure period during which the camera shutter is arrested in an unblocking position, that period varying inversely with the detected intensity of incident light. In order to provide a fade-out effect at the end of a scene taken in this manner, the exposure period is progressively shortened--or the diaphragm aperture is progressively reduced--in discrete steps during successive shutter cycles to substantially complete cutoff. For fade-in at the beginning of a scene filmed with long-term exposure, the opposite procedure is followed.

Abstract: A cine camera for taking talking pictures comprises a film-feeding mechanism which includes a driven capstan and a pinch roller normally spaced therefrom to facilitate insertion of a section of film therebetween when the camera casing is loaded with a sound-film cassette. A sensor, upon detecting the presence of such cassette in a receiving chamber of the casing, causes the pinch roller to move closer to the capstan, either via a mechanical linkage or by deactivating a detent normally blocking a displacement of the pinch roller under spring pressure. This displacement under the control of the sensor may establish a standby position, with the pinch roller still separated from the capstan by a clearance wider than the film thickness, that clearance being subsequently reduced by the operation of a trigger, a mode-selector switch or the like to clamp the film between pinch roller and capstan.

Abstract: A photographing- or playback- device for a continuous photo picture carrier which is moved along a guide track by means of a drive device, particularly for motion picture film, with an optical imaging system and at least one mirrored surface which is movable about an axis, particularly a polygonal set of mirrors for the optical equalization of the image shifting as well as a light source if necessary. In the optical path between the guide track of the picture carrier and the mirror there is provided a partially-mirrored surface, which surface is inclined relative to the optical path and forms a part of an autocollimation system. By the partially-mirrored surface a part of the beam rays is deflectable, whereby the axis of the optical imaging system runs inclined or transverse relative to the beam axis (which beam axis runs between the guide track and the mirror) and runs to, or respectively from, the partially-mirrored surface, and the axis of the mirror also is arranged on the beam axis.

Abstract: A projector for motion pictures or slides has a varifocal objective with a positive front component, an axially slidable negative intermediate component and a fixed positive rear lens group. The front component, or at least its foremost lens member, has a lens mount which is displaceable along a track substantially transverse to the optical axis; the track may be curved with its convex side facing the projection screen. A diaphragm just behind the front component has an aperture barely exceeding the diameter of the intermediate component whereas the front component (or its transversely displaceable part) is radially extended past the diaphragm aperture so as to register with it in every position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the recording and reproduction of an audio signal for multi-channel play-back in which both a monaural signal and a code signal are recorded on a magnetic tape, the recorded code signal having characteristics in accordance with the selective feeding of the audio signal to the various channels together with an adjusting device through which the code signal is controlled to thereby control the distribution of the audio signal throughout the multi-channel reproduction apparatus during multi-channel reproduction of the audio signal.

Abstract: In order to establish a predetermined position of focusing or focal-length adjustment for an optical objective, a mechanism for the axial shifting of one or more lens members has a lost-motion zone in its operating range in which a continuing displacement of a control element does not change the focal length and/or distance of the objective. The halting of the lens shift (or, possibly, a compensatory displacement of an otherwise stationary lens member) can be brought about mechanically, with the aid of suitably shaped cam tracks, or electromechanically, via analog or binary position sensors. Arrival of the adjusting mechanism in the lost-motion zone may be signaled to the user by a detent, by a change in frictional resistance, or by a visual or acoustical indicator.

Abstract: A transport mechanism for the advance of a motion-picture film in a camera is controlled by a photometric circuit to stop the advance of the film for a predetermined number of shutter revolutions, in the event of insufficient lighting, whereby each frame is exposed a number of times depending upon luminous intensity. The photometric circuit includes a photosensor periodically illuminated by a reflective shutter surface; the resulting voltage pulses may be fed to a pulse counter, which reactivates the transport mechanism after a manually or automatically selected number of cycles, or may charge a capacitor to trigger a threshold sensor after a sufficiently long cumulative exposure. A servomotor for the control of an iris diaphragm ahead of the shutter is controlled by the photometric circuit to reduce the incident light, under conditions of nearly sufficient illumination, to prevent overexposure of a frame due to successive exposures at full aperture.

Abstract: A sound cine camera with a cassette-receiving compartment, in which a pinch roller is movable toward a continuously rotating capstan to drive a motion-picture film, is provided with a manually operable control member whose displacement into an off-normal position, against the force of a restoring spring, prepared or completes an energizing circuit for the film drive. The control member is linked with a pinch-roller support through a releasable coupling which remains effective only as long as the compartment cover or a latch thereof is in a closure position. Clamping pressure is exerted upon the pinch roller by a biasing spring engaging its support and acting upon the control member through a camming or toggle mechanism which reduces the holding force required to maintain that pressure when the control member is in its off-normal position.

Abstract: A switching device for a projection lamp of a projector wherein an electrical control device, which is separated from the projector and which supplies the projector lamp with electrical energy, is controllable from the projector by a control device via at least one control connection disposed on the projector.FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThe invention relates to a switching device for a projection lamp, especially a gaseous discharge lamp, which needs a relatively large electrical control unit that normally is separated from the projector.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONSuch a device is known from U.S. Pat. No. 3,039,022. With this device it was disadvantageous that all control functions were carried out by means of the electrical control unit, so that the transmission of control commands from the electrical control unit to the mechanical parts of the projector had to be effected by means of relatively expensive magnets.

Abstract: The housing of a motion-picture camera has a cassette-receiving space into which at least one feeler projects to detect the insertion of a sound-film cassette differing in shape from a silent-film cassette. With both types of cassettes the film is intermittently transported past an image gate by a traction claw; in the case of a sound-film cassette a portion of the film downstream of the image window is accessible for engagement by a constant-speed feeder in the vicinity of a sound-recording head. The feed rate of the traction claw is stabilized by a centrifugal governor in the presence of a silent-film cassette; upon sensing a sound-film cassette, the feeler deactivates the governor and synchronizes the claw drive with the constant-speed feeder under the control of a mechanism, such as a loop detector, which measures the length of film between the image gate and the recording head.

Abstract: A cine camera for taking talking pictures, in which a film is moved intermittently past an image gate by a reciprocating traction claw and continuously past a recording head by a rotating capstan coacting with a pinch roller, includes a latch by which the pinch roller can be held spaced from the capstan in an inactive position. The latching of the pinch roller in this inactive position, against the force of a biasing spring providing the necessary contact pressure during filming, is accomplished upon deactivation of the film drive by the residual kinetic energy of an inertial mass such as a flywheel which is coupled with either the capstan drive or the claw drive. The latch is released upon actuation of a trigger, either directly or through the intermediary of the claw drive. The biasing spring may be part of a toggle mechanism tripped by a presetting member, such as a sensor detecting the presence of a sound-film cassette in the camera.