Abstract: The polyurethane-acrylic hybrid interpenetrating polymer network is formed by blending a polyurethane prepolymer having acid or amine salt forming groups, air curable ethylenic unsaturation and terminal isocyanate groups or both terminal isocyanate groups and terminal vinyl groups, with one or more vinyl monomers, inert to isocyanate functionality, dispersing the prepolymer/vinyl monomer blend into water, chain extending the terminal isocyanate groups of the prepolymer with one or more active hydrogen containing compound, and reacting the vinyl monomers by free radical polymerization.
Abstract: A method for making a polyester resin comprises reacting a first polyfunctional alcohol or polyfunctional thiol and a carbonate in the presence of a catalyst to form an alkoxylated intermediate. The catalyst comprises: (1) a metal, a salt of a metal, or mixtures thereof and (2) a quaternary ammonium salt, a tertiary amine, an imidazole, or mixtures thereof. The alkoxylated intermediate is then reacted with a polyfunctional organic acid or anhydride thereof to form the polyester resin.
Abstract: A process for the preparation of an esterification product comprises reacting a polyfunctional organic acid or anhydride and a cyclic organic carbonate compound in the presence of a catalyst to form an esterification product. The catalyst comprises a quaternary ammonium salt and a component selected from the group consisting of a metal, a salt of a metal, and mixtures thereof.
Abstract: A method of lining a surface of a substrate comprises providing a reactive mixture which comprises (1) a resin containing active hydrogens; (2) a polycarbodiimide; and (3) an organic diluent; reacting the resin containing active hydrogens and the polycarbodiimide to chemically bind the resin and the polycarbodiimide; applying the chemically bound resin and polycarbodiimide to the surface of the substrate; and curing the chemically bound resin and polycarbodiimide in the presence of an initiator to form a cured resin material which lines the surface of the substrate.