Abstract: The invention relates to a multiple width fiber strip consisting of crimped interlaced filaments and having several zones extending in longitudinal direction of the fiber strip as Well as at least one predetermined tear line (4) extending in longitudinal direction of the fiber strip, wherein the tear strength (daN) of the fiber strip, referred to the total denier (dtex) is at least about 1.7.times.10.sup.-4 daN/dtex. Further it relates to a method for producing one or several such fiber strips, with several separate bands (1, 2) being formed of substantially parallelly extending filaments and the formed bands being crimped jointly to produce one or several crimped fiber strips. The apparatus for carrying out this method is characterized by a pair of transport rolls (8, 9) for jointly transporting the supplied bands (1, 2) and a crimping chamber (10.1, 10.2, 11, 12, 13, 14) which is arranged after the pair of transport rolls (8, 9), for crimping the bands (1, 2) leaving the pair of transport rolls.

Abstract: Structures are formed from cellulose acetate in which an additive is present or on this surface the additive consisting of a nitrogenous organic compound which by degradation by microorganisms forms basic decomposition products, in particular ammonia, and/or--basic--compounds having an NH group or NH groups and/or an NH.sub.2 group or NH.sub.2 groups. The structures may have the form of filaments, staple fibers, films, foils, sheets or other objects. The structures in the form of filaments and/or staple fibers are used for the manufacture of filter tows. The filter tow of this kind is described. The filter tow is for the manufacture of a tobacco smoke filter element, and such a tobacco smoke filter element is described.

Abstract: Filter tow comprising crimped spun fibers and/or filaments is prepared in a preparation zone and fed to a processing zone where it is gathered, in an intake zone, then wrapped and cut into tobacco smoke filter rods. In the region of the intake zone, a gas or vapor under elevated pressure acts on the filter tow at an angle of less than 90.degree. to the longitudinal axis of the filter tow in the direction of movement of the filter tow. The relevant apparatus includes a preparation unit and a processing unit, the latter unit for feeding a gas or vapor under elevated pressure to the filter tow in the direction of movement thereof including:an intake finger (14) having holes (17) in the wall thereof on the filter tow intake side, ora pipe (22), whose gas or vapor exit end 23 terminates in the region of the filter tow outlet side of the intake funnel (23) or the filter tow intake side of the intake finger (14), ora blowing device (27) immediately upstream of the filter tow intake side of the intake finger (14).

Abstract: Filter tow comprising crimped spun fibers and/or filaments is prepared in a preparation zone and fed to a processing zone where it is gathered, in an intake zone, then wrapped and cut into tobacco smoke filter rods. In the region of the intake zone, a gas or vapor under elevated pressure acts on the filter tow at an angle of less than 90.degree. to the longitudinal axis of the filter tow in the direction of movement of the filter tow. The relevant apparatus includes a preparation unit and a processing unit, the latter unit for feeding a gas or vapor under elevated pressure to the filter tow in the direction of movement thereof including:an intake finger (14) having holes (17) in the wall thereof on the filter tow intake side, ora pipe (22), whose gas or vapor exit end 23 terminates in the region of the filter tow outlet side of the intake funnel (23) or the filter tow intake side of the intake finger (14), ora blowing device (27) immediately upstream of the filter tow intake side of the intake finger (14).

Abstract: In the case of the extruder, the thread of the screw, or that of the screws, is partly left-handed and partly right-handed, so that one part of the material to be processed is conveyed in direction A, while the other part is conveyed in the opposite direction B. The process is a degasifying-extrusion-process and the extruder is a degasifying extruder. The apparatus includes a reverse-degasifying assembly (7,22) at the end (8,19) of the screw (1,16), or screws (1,16), if the material to be processed is carried away from this end, and/or a reverse-degasifying assembly (41,52) at the location between the threaded sections of the screw (1,16) or screws (1,16), so that the material to be processed is carried away in opposite directions B and A.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for separating coarse grained and agglomerated pigment particles from a suspension containing coarse grained, agglomerated, and fine grained pigment particles by sedimentation by gravity, are described. The suspension, for example of titanium dioxide powder and water, is introduced through an inflow device (3) at the bottom (4) of a vessel (1) from below and flows upwardly through the vessel (1), in which stationary plates (2) are located arranged parallel to each other and at an angle of <90.degree., preferentially 40.degree. to 60.degree. to the horizontal line. In the upper part (6) of the vessel (1) the suspension which there contains primarily fine grained pigment particles is removed from the vessel (1) through a drain or overflow device (5). In the lower part (4) the suspension containing primarily coarse grained and agglomerated pigment particles is removed from the vessel (1) through an overflow device (7).

Abstract: Consolidated nonwoven fabrics and the process of producing theme is disclosed. The fabrics absorb water and substances with oleophilic and/or lipophilic properties. The inventive process includes blow-spinning a melt or a solution of a spinnable polymeric material to textile fibers and/or filaments, preferably having a diameter of 0.1 to 6 .mu.m, more preferably 0.5 to 3 .mu.m, transforming these textile fibers and/or filaments to a nonwoven fabric, consolidating this fabric and applying a wetting agent to the fabric. Consolidation is accomplished by means of water jets, then a zwitterionic or cationic surfactant is applied to the fabric in a wet-in-wet procedure during or immediately after the water-jet consolidation, and the fabric is dried; these procedures are performed continuously. A polyester or a polyamide is used preferentially as the polymeric material.

Abstract: Ventilated cigarettes are made with a tip zone consisting of tobacco or a filter or a hollow tip, which contains, in the wrapper or wall, at least one ventilation zone. In the tip zone or between it and the tobacco roll, or in the latter, there is placed an element which consists of polymeric, not crimped spun fibers and/or filaments, which may have the shape of a disk. This element is arranged in such a manner that it is located behind the ventilation zone, when seen from the end of the tip zone facing the mouth. The spun fibers and filaments have, respectively, a diameter between 0.1 and 20 .mu.m and lie generally transverse to the flow of the tobacco smoke.

Abstract: A filter for separating substances having lipophilic and/or oleophilic and/or apolar properties, such as fats, oils, substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbons, from different liquids, gases and vapors, such as water, (moist) air and water vapor, employing polyolefin fibers and/or filaments which have a diameter of 0.1 to 10 82 m, and preferably 0.5 to 2 .mu.m, as filter material. The filter material is present in the form of bands or strands which are of finite or infinite length, and which are formed from webs, waddings or other sheet-like structures made of such fine fibers and/or filaments and which are arranged with respect to each other in such a way that free openings and passages are in between them. The filter material perferably consists of polyethylene and/or polypropylene fibers and/or filaments.

Abstract: An apparatus for assembling warps of spun fibers and/or filament yarns present on yarn beams to form a warp present on a warp beam is described. This apparatus has a pneumatic pressure regulator (1), an electromagnetically operable pneumatic valve (2) downstream of the pressure regulator, a three-position rotary disk valve (3) downstream of the pneumatic valve, and pneumatically operable brake cylinders (4) of the yarn beam brakes (12) which are arranged downstream of the three-position rotary disk valve and connected in parallel with each other and a pneumatic by-pass limited in time so that asynchronous pneumatic braking of the yarn beams and of the warp beam during rapid braking is avoided. The by-pass serves to bridge the switching time of the three-position rotary disk valve (3). According to one embodiment, the control of the pneumatic valve (6) switchable with delay and of the pneumatic valves (7 and 8) occurs pneumatically.

Abstract: A method for the production of electret filaments or fibers from high molecular weight substances is described which consists of melting the substances and extruding them through die orifices, electrically charging, polarizing and cooling the formed filaments or fibers and the electrically charging and polarization is carried out immediately prior to the issuance or during the issuance from the die orifices while the substances are in a molten state.

Abstract: A device for the take-up, storage and transportation of spools, particularly yarn spools, is described, which comprises a spool carriage which consists of a subframe and a spool rack, the subframe and the spool rack being connectable together and separable from each other, the spool rack being similarly connectable to a pallet and being separable from the pallet. A coupling pallet element is provided to engage with the subframe.

Abstract: An additive for smoking tobacco products and their filter elements is described which comprises an intimate mixture of at least two highly dispersed metal oxides or metal oxyhydrates, mixtures thereof or a mixture of different forms of the same metal oxide or metal oxyhydrate, the mixture exhibiting liquid-like properties anomalous for a mixture of solids, and specific properties of the mixture, such as the bulk density, the surface area, the flowability and the absorption capacity for gases and vapors not representing an additive value of the proportions of the mixing components, and the absorption capacity for toxic substances in the tobacco smoke being synergistically increased.