Abstract: The invention relates to a launching cylinder of a catapult and to a catapult. The launching cylinder comprises a frame inside which are a pneumatic pressure space for launching purpose and a hydraulic pressure space for returning purpose. The pressure spaces are separated from each other by means of a piston assembly.

Abstract: The invention relates to a ramp of a catapult and to a catapult. The catapult comprises a carriage (4) for fastening an aircraft (5). The carriage (4) is supported on a ramp (1). The ramp is formed of one or more ramp elements (1a-1m). The ramp element comprises four frame plates, namely two parallel side plates (20a, 20b), a top plate (21) and a bottom plate (22). The frame plates are separate pieces which are connected at fastening points (25) to each other by means of mechanical fastening elements (26).

Abstract: The invention relates to a launching cylinder of a catapult and to a catapult. The launching cylinder comprises a frame inside which are a pneumatic pressure space for launching purpose and a hydraulic pressure space for returning purpose. The pressure spaces are separated from each other by means of a piston assembly.

Abstract: A method of launching a catapult, a catapult and a locking device for a catapult. The catapult comprises a carriage for fastening an aircraft. The carriage can be provided with a high acceleration by directing a launching force generated by a launching device thereto. The carriage can be held at a launching position by means of the locking device. The catapult further comprises a takeoff damper that generates a damping force having a direction opposite relative to the launching force. Accordingly, the takeoff damper restricts the acceleration of the carriage at the initial launching moments.

Abstract: A method of launching a catapult, a catapult and a locking device for a catapult. The catapult comprises a carriage (4) for fastening an aircraft (5). The carriage (4) can be provided with a high acceleration by directing a launching force (F1) generated by a launching device thereto. The carriage (4) can be held at a launching position (6) by means of the locking device (9). The catapult further comprises a takeoff damper (34) that generates a damping force (F2) having a direction opposite relative to the launching force. Accordingly, the takeoff damper (34) restricts the acceleration of the carriage (4) at the initial launching moments.