Abstract: An analyte detection apparatus, includes a radiation source for irradiating a sample; a receiver, to receive an optical Raman spectrum of radiation transmitted back from the sample in response to the received radiation from the source, wherein the receiver includes a plurality of different types of analysis device each arranged to receive a selected part of the received optical spectrum transmitted back from the sample.

Abstract: The use of a transdermal Raman spectrum to measure glucose or other substance concentration can give an inaccurate result if the Raman signals originate at a wrong skin depth. To predict whether a spectrum of Raman signals received transdermally in a confocal detector apparatus and having at least one component expected to have an intensity representing the concentration of glucose or another skin component at a point of origin of the Raman signals below the surface of the skin will accurately represent the concentration, peaks in the spectrum at 883/4 cm?1 and 894 cm?1 are measured to determine whether the Raman signals originate primarily within the stratum corneum so that the spectrum will be less likely to represent the concentration accurately or originate primarily below the stratum corneum so that the spectrum will be more likely to represent the concentration accurately.

Abstract: A metabolite concentration is measured in vivo using Raman spectroscopy in such a way as to receive at a detector light scattered from the metabolite in interstitial fluid in skin in a measurement location at a depth of from 200-300 ?m below the skin surface providing improved retention of correct calibration and transferability of calibration between individual subjects.

Abstract: An optical probe for measuring light signals includes a first optical fiber guiding incoming light, a lens focusing incoming light towards a sample and collecting altered light from the sample, a second optical fiber guiding altered light, a light logging device measuring intensity fluctuations in the incoming light, wherein the light logging device is positioned after the first optical fiber, whereby the light logging device receives a part of the incoming light from the first fiber. The optical probe is normally applied for measuring light signals in vivo, and finds its primary applications within the field of optical spectroscopic measurements, where the light signals measured by the probe are applied in combination with an apparatus wherein light signals are analyzed against its spectral components for instance in Raman, fluorescence, phosphorescence absorption, diffusion and transmission studies.

Abstract: A metabolite concentration is measured in vivo using Raman spectroscopy in such a way as to receive at a detector light scattered from the metabolite in interstitial fluid in skin in a measurement location at a depth of from 200-300 ?m below the skin surface providing improved retention of correct calibration and transferability of calibration between individual subjects.

Abstract: A metabolite concentration is measured in vivo using Raman spectroscopy in such a way as to receive at a detector (229) light scattered from the metabolite in interstitial fluid in skin in a measurement location (217) at a depth (218) of from 200-300 ?m below the skin surface providing improved retention of correct calibration and transferability of calibration between individual subjects.

Abstract: A metabolite concentration is measured in vivo using Raman spectroscopy in such a way as to receive at a detector (229) light scattered from the metabolite in interstitial fluid in skin in a measurement location (217) at a depth (218) of from 200-300 ?m below the skin surface providing improved retention of correct calibration and transferability of calibration between individual subjects.

Abstract: An optical probe for measuring light signals includes a first optical fiber guiding incoming light, a lens focusing incoming light towards a sample and collecting altered light from the sample, a second optical fiber guiding altered light, a light logging device measuring intensity fluctuations in the incoming light, wherein the light logging device is positioned after the first optical fiber, whereby the light logging device receives a part of the incoming light from the first fiber. The optical probe is normally applied for measuring light signals in vivo, and finds its primary applications within the field of optical spectroscopic measurements, where the light signals measured by said probe are applied in combination with an apparatus wherein light signals are analyzed against its spectral components for instance in Raman, fluorescence, phosphorescence absorption, diffusion and transmission studies.