Abstract: An improvement in the method for the production of a highly aromatic pitch-like coal by-product by dissolving comminuted coal or similar solid carbon-containing raw materials with aromatic solvents at elevated temperature is disclosed wherein the solid materials are dissolved at atmospheric pressure in aromatic compound mixtures of coal origin with an average boiling point above 350.degree. C. and recycling of the condensable fractions of the reaction gas. If the occasion arises, further aromatic solvents may be added to the suspension.

Abstract: Ground coal is dispersed in an aqueous electrolyte and is alternately oxidized anodically and reduced cathodically. The reaction gases and the liquid hydrocarbons obtained and other volatile organic compounds are processed and used in the customary manner. The reactive groups formed in the coal improve its cokeability, extractability and capacity for hydrogenation. In addition, the treated coal because of its good wettability, suspended in water or alcohol, is well suited as a liquid fuel or motor fuel.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of modified pitches and low boiling aromatics and olefins is described. Waste plastic which consists of polymeric chains of olefins is subjected to a thermal treatment in the presence of high boiling aromatics. The modified pitches may be used for the production of carbon articles of high value.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of hydrogenated aromatic compounds and mixtures thereof by thermal treatment of aromatic oils or mixtures, derived from coal or petroleum, wherein the improvement over the prior art resides in thermally treating aromatic oils of boiling range 280.degree.-450.degree. C., with residues from the processing of liquid coal conversion products and/or petroleum refining, for up to 10 hours in a temperature region between 200.degree. and 380.degree. C. and at a pressure of maximum 15 bar, with good inter-mixing of the reaction components, and thereafter separating the products by distillation from the pitch-like residue.

Abstract: A novel process for the selective removal of cadmium ions from aqueous media such as sewage by contacting the aqueous media with an effective amount of at least one water-insoluble organic polysulfide compound to selectively remove the cadmium ions and separating the polysulfide compounds.

Abstract: A polysulfide sealing composition is described which contains, in addition to the hardening agents and optional fillers, softeners and other conventional additives, a mixture of a solid polysulfide rubber with terminal SH groups and a liquid polysulfide polymer with terminal SH groups, wherein the weight ratio of the respective solid and liquid polysulfide is 100:5 to 15. The composition may be used for the manufacture of insulating glass units.

Abstract: A process for the production of a highly aromatic pitch-like hydrocarbon by disintegration of comminuted coal or similar carbonaceous raw material with hydrocarbon mixtures as solvent at elevated temperature and pressure.

Abstract: A method of producing a highly reactive pitch fraction is disclosed. Coal-tar pitch is extracted with hot chloroform and the pitch solution treated with solid iodine. The solid reaction products are separated and, in the presence of chloroform, decomposed with an aqueous ammonia solution. Following separation of the aqueous phase and removal by distillation of the chloroform, there remains a highly reactive pitch fraction which can be converted into high-anisotropic carbon at low temperatures and in short coking times.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of monoaryl thallium III perchlorates substantially free of isomers comprising reacting at atmospheric pressure at 0.degree. to 80.degree. C. thallium III perchlorate, 1 to 6 moles of a carboxylic acid, 1 to 6 moles of an aromatic compound and 2 to 15 moles of aqueous perchloric acid containing 3 to 45% by weight of water, said molar ratio being based on thallium III perchlorate and recovering the precipitated monoaryl thallium III perchlorate which are useful intermediates for the preparation of esters of aryl carboxylic acids.

Abstract: In a process for the polymerization of unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbons with BF.sub.3 -etherate or BF.sub.3 -phenolate as the polymerization catalyst, the improvement comprising using BF.sub.3 -alcoholates as a co-catalyst.

Abstract: An asbestos-free friction material useful for brake linings, clutches, etc. comprising 5 to 25% by weight of a hardenable binder or binder mixture, a reinforcing fibrous material and conventional fillers, abrasives and lubricants the said reinforcing material consisting essentially of 1 to 50% by weight of diabase fibers with an average fiber length of 100 to 750 .mu.m and 1 to 44% by weight of metal fibers, metal wool or metal in the form of chips, powder or lamella, especially steel.

Abstract: Upgrading coke quality of coals by adding a pitch-like product with a softening point (K-S) of 90.degree.-160.degree. C. to the coal. The additive is obtained by treating finely divided coal or other carbon containing raw material with hydrocarbon solvents derived from coal and petroleum and then removing 2-20% of the light boiling components of the highly aromatic pitch-like product.

Abstract: An improved process for treating coal tar pitch to form anisotropic carbon comprising treating coal tar pitch with picric acid, recovering the resulting picrates, decomposing the picrates and heating the resulting aromatic hydrocarbons to obtain anisotropic carbon in less time.

Abstract: A process is described for the modification of wood and wood products by heat treatment in a closed, heatable vessel, wherein the water content of the starting material is controlled to be no higher than 10% by weight.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of 5-chloro-indole comprising reacting indoline in a chlorine-inert organic solvent with an acylating agent of an organic carboxylic acid to obtain the corresponding 1-acyl-indoline, reacting the latter in the presence of water and a basic agent with chlorine to form 5-chloro-1-acyl-indoline, subjecting the latter to saponification to obtain 5-chloro-indoline and reacting the latter in a water-immiscible organic solvent by heating with an aromatic nitrocompound in the presence of a finely powdered ruthenium catalyst to form 5-chloro-indole in excellent yields.

Abstract: An asbestos-free friction material useful for brake linings, clutches, etc. comprising 5 to 25% by weight of a hardenable binder or binder mixture, 1 to 70% by weight of a reinforcing fibrous material and conventional additives, the said reinforcing material consisting essentially of 2.5 to 12% by weight of aramide fibers, 6 to 25% by weight of mineral fibers and 16 to 36% by weight of steel fibers and optionally 5 to 20% by weight of powdered mica.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of acyl hydrazides of the formula ##STR1## wherein A and B individually are a group of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, x is 0 or 1 and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and n and m are individually 0, 1, 2 or 3 by reacting a compound of the formula ##STR3## with a hydrazide of the formula ##STR4## the improvement comprising effecting the reaction in the presence of at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of amines, amine alkoxides and quaternary ammonium hydroxides.

Abstract: A process for the production of thionaphthene by dissociation of thionaphthene sulfonic acid such as obtained, for example, in the partial sulfonation of naphthalene fractions of coal tar, characterized in that the density of the reaction mixture is maintained essentially constant during the entire duration of the dissociation reaction and the thionaphthene formed is not removed by azeotropic distillation; a product of high purity is obtained in high yield in a substantially reduced reaction time.

Abstract: A process is described for the production of high grade carbonaceous binders, wherein an aromatic high grade carbonaceous material is produced from 5-40% by weight of reduced or low ash coal or similar carbon containing raw materials by treatment with 20-80% by weight of high-boiling aromatic solvents, derived from coal, and 15-50% by weight of high-boiling aromatic solvents, derived from mineral oil, at temperatures of 300.degree.-420.degree. C. and for a reaction period of 1-4 hours, at a reaction pressure of up to 50 bar, and is optionally freed from low-boiling components.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of acyl hydrazides of the formula ##STR1## wherein A and B individually are a group of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, x is 0 or 1 and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and n and m are individually 0, 1,2 or 3 by reacting a compound of the formula ##STR3## with a hydrazide of the formula ##STR4## the improvement comprising effecting the reaction in the presence of at least one catalyst of the formula R'--OMe wherein R' is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl of 1 to 4 carbon atoms and Me is an alkali metal.