Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising a major portion of a lubricating oil and a minor amount of an additive. The additive is prepared by reacting a polyamine with an alkenyl succinic acid anhydride having a number average molecular weight of about 500 to about 10,000 at a temperature of 60.degree. C.-120.degree. C. to form mono-alkenyl succinimide, bis-alkenyl succinimide or a mixture of mono- and bis-alkenyl succinimide. 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid is then added to form an acylated mono-alkenyl succinimide, bis-alkenyl succinimide or mixture of mono- and bis-alkenyl succinimide. The acylated mono-alkenyl succinimide, bis-alkenyl succinimide or mixture of mono- and bis-alkenyl succinimide is acylated with an acylating compound selected from the group consisting of glycolic acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid, 2-hydroxymethyl-propionic acid and 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl) propionic acid at a temperature of about 150.degree. C. to about 185.degree. C.

Abstract: A corrosion inhibitor for use in water and liquid alcohol antifreeze/coolant compositions comprising the combination of a C.sub.5 -C.sub.16 aliphatic monobasic acid or the alkali metal, ammonium, or amine salt of said acid, a C.sub.5 -C.sub.16 hydrocarbyl dibasic acid or the alkali metal, ammonium, or amine salt of said acid, and a hydrocarbyl triazole gives synergistic corrosion protection to metal surfaces as compared with formulations containing either the monoacid or diacid component alone, or formulations containing other conventional corrosion inhibitors.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for continuous measurement and control of the stability of colloidal systems such as heavy fuel oils, using an optical procedure with near-infrared radiation. A stream of liquid representing the colloidal system is passed through a loop or elongated conduit. In the latter, measured amounts of a flocculating agent is progressively added to the stream at a series of spaced apart stations in the loop which define separate segments. These additions progressively enhance the amount of flocculating agent to the colloidal liquid to a point where flocculation occurs. The character of each segment of the loop is tested by irradiation whereby the mixture in each segment is measured to determine in which segment flocculation has commenced. A suitable signal, whether audible or visual, can then be provided to indicate the occurrence.

Abstract: Corrosion protection is provided to a metallic structure by a sacrificial anode system. A current control element is used to achieve fast and adequate corrosion protection under changing conditions, while excess current flow is minimized to extend anode life and avoid overprotection. The basic advantages of sacrificial anode systems such as simplicity and autonomy are retained. The system employs a field effect or a MOS (metal oxide silicon) semiconductor device to act as the current control element.

Abstract: Compounds useful as lube oil additives are prepared by reaction of phosphorus halides and piperazine derivatives.

Abstract: Thioethers may be prepared by reacting a thiol, such as thiophenol, with an alcohol (having electron donor groups in the alpha or beta position to its hydroxyl group) such as phenyl-1-hydroxy-phenethylsulfide. Reaction is carried out in the presence of a Lewis Acid metal halide, typically zinc chloride.

Abstract: A process for the separation of n-paraffins from hydrocarbon by means of solid urea wherein the formation of the adduct of n-paraffins with urea is carried out in a fluidized bed.

Abstract: A combined temperature control is an integral part of a corrosion probe. The probe includes a corrosion measuring element as one part thereof. The integral temperature control portion acts to provide a desired temperature at the measuring element. And, the result permits creation of the worst corrosive conditions at the measuring element of the probe, irrespective of the location of the probe in the corrosive environment.

Abstract: A laser beam is transmitted through a medium containing the component to be measured. The wavelength of the beam is such that it is absorbed by the component but not by the remainder of the medium. The divergence of the beam is measured to indicate a change in the index of refraction of the medium due to the absorption by the component.

Abstract: Compounds useful as lube oil additives are prepared by reaction of phosphorus halides and piperazine derivatives.

Abstract: Novel polymers, useful as films or filaments, are prepared as by the reaction of a bispiperazide with a reactive derivative of an acid.

Abstract: Novel polymers, useful as films or filaments, are prepared as by the reaction of a bispiperazide with a reactive derivative of an acid.

Abstract: Novel polymers, useful as films or filaments, are prepared as by the reaction of a bispiperazide with a reactive derivative of an acid.

Abstract: Novel polymers, useful as films or filaments, are prepared as by the reaction of a bispiperazide with a reactive derivative of an acid.

Abstract: Novel polymers, useful as films or filaments, are prepared as by the reaction of a bispiperazide with a reactive derivative of an acid.

Abstract: Novel polymers, useful as films or filaments, are prepared as by the reaction of a bispiperazide with a reactive derivative of an acid.

Abstract: Novel polymers, useful as films or filaments, are prepared as by the reaction of a bispiperazide with a reactive derivative of an acid.

Abstract: Novel polymers, useful as films or filaments, are prepared as by the reaction of a bispiperazide with a reactive derivative of an acid.

Abstract: Novel polymers, useful as films or filaments, are prepared as by the reaction of a bispiperazide with a reactive derivative of an acid.

Abstract: Novel polymers, useful as films or filaments, are prepared as by the reaction of a bispiperazide with a reactive derivative of an acid.