Abstract: An electrically heated composite glass sheet including heating element wires deposited and fixed in place on the thermoplastic film connecting the individual glass sheets together so as to extend from the one film edge as far as the opposite film edge. The heating wires are connected in parallel with buses, which are arranged at a predetermined distance from the edge of the film. Directly adjacent to the buses, the sections of the wires which are arranged between the buses and the edge of the film are severed by moving two electrodes, which are connected with a power supply, into contact with the wires. The electric current heats the wires between the electrodes to their fusion temperature and thereby severs the wires.

Abstract: A method is provided for generating one or more differentiated zones of electrical conductivity or infrared emissivity in a thin semi-conducting layer of metallic oxide or oxides, comprising:subjecting the thin semi-conducting layer to an ion beam having sufficient energy to cause a change in electrical conductivity or infrared emissivity of the one or more zones without atomizing the thin semi-conducting layer, wherein the thin semi-conducting layer is at a high temperature during the subjecting step and the use of the method to prepare films for incorporation into transparent heating panes having uniform heating characteristics, especially for use in vehicles.

Abstract: A device for pressing and bending glass panes comprises an upper, solid-faced bending mold and a lower frame-shaped mold. The lower frame mold is mounted horizontally traversable and serves at the same time as a support ring for transferring the bent glass pane into a cooling station. The frame-shaped mold is provided with an electrical heating resistor. In addition, a temperature sensor is disposed in the frame-shaped mold. The temperature of the frame-shaped mold can be regulated to a predetermined temperature by way of a power regulator, which is governed by the temperature sensor.

Abstract: A flow duct or throat 1 for the passage of molten glass from the glass production zone to the shaping zone incorporates glass homogenizing stirrers 15, 16, 17 and 18, as well as a flow channel 2 and a heel 40. The stirrers, flow channel and heel are effective for avoiding the formation of a glass back flow.

Abstract: Process for producing an automobile pane, equipped with a frame of elastomer of a predetermined shape by extruding the elastomer onto the periphery of the pane and beyond the pane and defining at least a part of the shape of the elastomer as it is extruded by positioning mold surfaces beyond the periphery of the pane.

Abstract: A hollow glass brick consists of two half-bricks (1, 2) fused to one another. On the internal surface of at least one of its walls (4, 5) provided for the passage of light, there is provided a finely structured surface embossing. The surface embossing is made of a design having a wavy profile whose wavelength is 200 to 1000 .mu.m and whose wave depth 10 to 80 .mu.m. These embossed fine structures give the impression of glass bricks having frosted interior surfaces. They prevent one from seeing through the brick and provide a high degree of diffusion.

Abstract: An electrochromic system comprising a layer of anode electrochromic material with all iridium oxide bass formatted by intensiostatic cycling in a liquid medium comprising a salt of a cation, excluding the proton, that can be inserted in said anode electrochromic material of an alkaline metal.

Abstract: An electrochromic cell, connected to an electrical reference element equivalent to an element of the electrochromic cell of zero surface dimensions and zero electrolyte thickness, connected in series with a resistance R.sub.i identical to the ion resistance of the electrochromic cell (reduced to a same zero surface), a potential difference applied by a generator, in coloration and decoloration respectively, being such that the voltage at the terminals of the reference element is kept at a value below a coloration reference voltage or decoloration reference voltage respectively.

Abstract: A metal retaining or fixing member (6) is fixed to a laminated glazing (1) with the aid of a screwed assembly. The two glass sheets (2,3) forming the laminated glazing (1) are provided with holes (15,16) before being assembled with the thermoplastic interlayer (4), in such a way that following the manufacture of the laminated glazing, they are eccentric with respect to one another. Prior to the screwing down of the assembly, the empty space separating the parts (9,18) of said assembly located within the holes 15,16) and the walls thereof is filled with curable adhesive (20).

Abstract: A method for the preparation of glass sheets with a view to laminating them consists of curving the glass sheets by causing them to pass one after another along a curved trajectory, then cooling them by passage between blowing chests, and of dispatching them by batches to the assembling station, and a laminated pane, the sheets of which have, in the central zone, a core compressive stress of from 1 to 50 MPa.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a non-wettable glass sheet comprising a hydrophobic, oleophobic, UV resistant layer and a process for manufacturing the same. The process in accordance with the present invention includes cleaning the glass sheet, contacting the glass sheet with a solution containing a fluorinated organosilane in a non-polar solvent system at a temperature ranging between -10.degree. C. and 25.degree. C. for at least 5 minutes, and rinsing.

Abstract: A covering made of heat-resistant fibers for tools in contact with glass heated to beyond their softening point, in particular, for bending/tempering tools which are themselves heated in excess of the softening points of the glass sheets, is composed partially of metal fibers and partially of ceramic fibers.

Abstract: A production installation for the contact toughening of glass sheets comprises a horizontal furnace for heating the glass sheets, a press containing two liquid-cooled pressing plates, a feed apparatus for transferring the heated glass sheets into the press and a removal apparatus for removing the toughened glass sheets out of the press. To the lower pressing plate, a solids-transmitted sound pick-up is coupled which, if a glass sheet breaks in the press, supplies an electrical signal. From this signal, after suitable processing of the signal, the control device is triggered, and as a result thereof interrupts the process sequence.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a product containing a glass substrate and a transparent conductive layer made of sub-stoichiometric metallic oxide coated with a metallic oxide overlayer protecting the conductive layer from oxidation. The indices of refraction of the two layers and the geometric thickness of the overlayer may be selected so as to offer a product which has a neutral color under reflection. The invention also concerns processes for obtaining said product.

Abstract: This invention relates to glass compositions intended for forming a substrate used in the production of electronic equipment. The glasses according to this invention comprise the following constituents within the limits expressed below in cation percentages:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 + B.sub.2 O.sub.3 57 to 67% with B.sub.2 O.sub.3 5 to 20% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 14 to 18% RO (CaO + MgO + BaO + SrO) 18 to 25% where Cao/Ro .gtoreq. 0.7 and CaO .gtoreq. 18% Na.sub.2 O + K.sub.2 O 0 to 0.5% TiO.sub.2 0 to 2.5% Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 .ltoreq.0.5% F.sub.2 0 to 3% ______________________________________F.sub.2 being regarded as a cation.

Abstract: A vertically adjustable glass pane for automobiles, especially a door window pane, is of laminated glass consisting of two thermally toughened single glass sheets, each 1.5 to 3 mm thick, and of a thermoplastic intermediate layer. Both the glass sheets have, in their edge region, tensile stresses in the core having a value from 27 to 57 MN/m.sup.2 for a sheet thickness of 1.5 mm and 20 to 47 MN/m.sup.2 for a sheet thickness of 3 mm. In the middle area within the peripheral region the glass sheets have tensile stresses in the core which, in the case of a glass sheet of 1.5 mm thickness, have values of 25 to 42 MN/m.sup.2 and, with a glass thickness of 3 mm, values of 17.5 to 33 MN/m.sup.2. Laminated glass panes of this type have a comparatively high strength in the peripheral region and low strength in the middle area. They possess excellent properties both from a structural design standpoint and also from the standpoint of safety in case of accident.

Abstract: The present invention has as its subject an electrochromic pane including two glass sheets (1, 2), each coated with a transparent electrically conducting film (3, 4) and separated by an electrode of electrochromic material (5), an electrolyte (6) and a counter-electrode (7). The electrically conducting films (3, 4) are, on the one hand, connected by current supply leads (8, 9) to an electrical supply system generating a potential difference (U.sub.1) according to a desired modification to the coloration of the electrochromic material and, on the other hand, are connected to each other at least at a portion of their periphery by an electrically conducting material (11).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an encapsulated glazing, a priming composition for treating a glazing, and a process for the adhesion of a thermoplastic profile to a glazing. The process consists of treating at least the area of the glazing to be covered with the profile with an organosilane and a composition based on a chlorinated polyolefin, the average molecular weight of which is between 1,000 and 300,000 (as determined by gel permeation chromatography), followed by encapsulating the treated glazing with a thermoplastic material, in order to form the profile. Preferably, the encapsulating step is performed by injecting.

Abstract: A device for laying a thin metal wire in a straight line on the surface of the thermoplastic film of a laminated glass pane. A rotatable mounting is provided for the wire supply reel, a heated pressing roller presses the wire into the thermoplastic film and a guide device guides the wire between the supply reel and the pressing roller. The supply reel is coupled in rotation to an electromagnetic brake having an adjustable braking torque and a wide control range for the braking torque. The electromagnetic brake is preferably a magnetic powder brake.

Abstract: In a process and to an apparatus for bending a glass sheet heated to the bending temperature in a horizontal furnace, through which it is passed by a motor roller conveyor, which passes it into a bending cell where it is kept at an ambient temperature substantially identical to the bending temperature, the glass sheet is immobilized in the bending cell in an upper bending mold perpendicular to an annular countermold surrounding an element for supporting the central part of the glass sheet in the bending cell. The annular countermold is raised in order to press the glass sheet against the upper bending mold.