Abstract: A non-contacting type method for measuring perpendicularity of a straight post installed perpendicularly to a reference plane is performed by picking up partial images of an upper end and a lower end of the post in two directions vertical to each other to combine obtained images into one image, calculating inclinations or deviations of four images of lower end portion and upper end portion in the combined image, and comparing the inclinations or deviations to measure the perpendicularity with respect to the reference plane. An apparatus thereof includes a measuring section for optically obtaining image data of the object to be measured, a measuring-part driving unit for driving the measuring part in the X, Y and Z directions which are perpendicular to one another, and a data processing part for processing and calculate the image data obtained by the measuring part to display the result of perpendicularity calculation.

Abstract: An automatic deck adjusting apparatus having a tape running system adjusting mechanism for adjusting a VCR deck automatically and control means for controlling the adjusting mechanism to adjust the tape running system automatically. The tape running system adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of screw driver tip assemblies for screwing adjustment screws and/or nuts in the system, a motor assembly for rotating the screw driver tip assemblies by a predetermined angle, a driver housing for fixedly supporting the screw driver tip assembly and the motor assembly in place, moving means attached to the driver housing for reciprocating the housing, a positioning means aligning the deck mechanism and the screw driver housing to be coincided in position with each other when they are coupled together and, a video camera for monitoring the position of the tape passing through guide posts and an audio/control head assembly or head drum.

Abstract: A method for autofocusing a video camera, adjusting the focus by defining the focus range in which the contrast signal is extracted, generating the control clock pulse having higher frequencies than the video signal during the occurrence period of horizontal and vertical synchronizing signals corresponding to the focus range, sampling the video signals obtained in the image pick-up elements by means of the control clock pulses, converting this sampled signal into digital signal, generating the digital differential signal which represents the difference between the values of one control clock pulse earlier one and current one, producing the digital weighted signal by transforming the digital differential signal by means of the nonlinear weight value, integrating the digital weighted signals for one or more fields or frames to obtain the focusing value, and moving the focusing lensd based on the focusing value to the location where the focusing value approximately reaches the maximum.