Abstract: This application relates to calculating addresses of modifications to tree-based structures and storing some of the addresses in a manner that allows the modifications to be applied, sustained, modified, and removed independently from one another. In some embodiments, the tree-based structures may define documents, including web documents, and the modifications may include annotations. In some embodiments, the addresses may include locations of the annotations within the documents. Methods and systems disclosed herein also include improved methods and systems for handling annotations. Some such methods and systems operate in connection with handling addresses associated with tree-based structures, while others can function independently of tree-based structures. Related user interfaces, applications, and computer program products are disclosed.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for annotating content and managing annotated content, one or more annotations, and one or more web pages with the one or more annotations. The present invention provides a method that may include embedding a user interface in a web site. The user interface may include at least one annotation tool. Further, the method may include presenting the user interface with one or more web pages provided by the web site. The method may include allowing annotating content of the one or more web pages with one or more annotations. Further, the annotating may be allowed using the at least one annotation tool through the user interface. The method may also include managing at least one of the annotated content, the one or more annotations, and the one or more web pages with the one or more annotations.

Abstract: This application relates to a system and methods including allowing an annotation to an electronic document, optionally inputting the annotated electronic document to a recommendation engine, processing the annotated electronic document, querying a data source with at least one of the annotated electronic document and a result of the processing, and presenting at least one recommended electronic document or no recommended electronic documents based on a result of the query. Related user interfaces, applications, and computer program products are disclosed.