Abstract: The invention relates to an improvement in radar indicators with digital processing of the signal wherein the raw video signal is firstly digitized and stored in temporary memories for subsequent readout at a rate lower than the writing rate, and for some ranges the readout is repeated for more than one time; further for long ranges it includes a pulse stretcher for increasing the brightness of faraway targets; and finally an anti-interference digital processing including a non-linear transfer function of the digitized video signal which is then converted back into analogue video signal for display.

Abstract: A system of frequency-shifting of frequency modulated signals, continuously above or below a pre-established frequency, the shift being possibly also null. The system includes a source of frequency modulated signals, the frequency of which is to be shifted; a reference oscillator; a first phase locked loop to which is applied the signals from the signal source and the output of the reference oscillator, the arrangement being such that the first phase locked loop will be locked to a conversion frequency above or below the frequency of the signal source.

Abstract: Automatic tuning circuit for voltage controlled filters, by digital phase control, including an oscillator and a path to be filtered associated with the voltage controlled filter, wherein the voltage controlled filter must be adjusted on a frequency equal or shifted by a preset amount with respect to the oscillator frequency, including means to scan the filter response while it is fed by the signal of the oscillator, means to detect the shift (positive or negative) of the filter response with respect to the oscillator frequency, means to measure in a digital way such a shift and arranged to provide a signal to correct the filter response, and means for digital storage of that correction signal.

Abstract: A cryogenic container with low thermal losses for infra-red detecting devices, with integrated feed-through connections, wherein said container consists of two elements adapted to have their outer walls joined, the two walls having two edges with surfaces facing one another to define an annular zone arranged to receive vacuum sealed feed-through connections in the form of a substrate on which a multiplicity of conductors is formed by micro-circuitry techniques. The conductors extend through the annular zone and project both inward and outward of the outer wall. A flexible element is provided for contacting an active element inside the cryostat with the conductors. The flexible element consists of a layer of plastic material supporting a multiplicity of conductive tracks.

Abstract: A system for the automatic correction of the nodding elevation errors for radars tracking targets at low height, comprising in a conventional mode a receiving and transmitting group associated with an intermediate frequency channel and with an antenna servo in azimuth and elevation, having a channel of azimuth error and a channel of elevation error, comprising means for detecting the variations of the amplitude of the echo signal due to the multiple reflection effected at low height and means for subtracting the signal formed by said variations from the channel of elevation error of the antenna servo.

Abstract: A device for controlling the conical scanning frequency of conical scanning radar systems. An antenna illuminator is caused to revolve by means of a three-phase asynchronous rotary field motor. The angular frequency of conical scanning is changed in a random or pseudo-random manner by means of a reference generator associated with the asynchronous motor, a random or pseudo-random signal generator, and a circuit comparing the signal of the reference generator and the signal of the signal generator. The comparison circuit provides "greater," "less" and "equal" outputs. A switching device driven by those outputs couples a braking magnetic-field or the three-phase supply to the motor, depending upon whether a "greater" or "less" output, respectively is the present comparison circuit. The "equal" output also controls the change of state for the random or pseudo-random signal generator.

Abstract: A stabilization system for IMPATT diode microwave oscillators, comprising: means for electrical and mechanical support of said IMPATT diode, forming the return conductor of the feeding, the thermal dissipator and the terminal of a transmission line; a power supply feeding conductor for said diode comprising a substantially filamentary conducting element, inductively associated for a portion thereof to a ferrite, said ferrite being characterized in having high losses in the frequency spectrum where spurious oscillations might appear, and practically neglectable losses at the operating frequencies of said IMPATT diode.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing semiconductor devices, particularly monocrystalline structures by sputter etching, wherein the electric discharge is effected in a rarefied atmosphere, the components of which are Argon and Hydrogen, or Argon and H.sub.2 O, or inert gas and a gas developing Hydrogen ions.

Abstract: A process for manufacturing MES-FET transistors with self-aligned Schottky barrier gate electrode, in which a layer of metal is deposited on a semiconductor slice, a resist geometry corresponding to the spacing of the drain and source ohmic contacts is defined, the excess metal is etched away with controlled underetching under said resist, a metal is then evaporated for forming the ohmic contacts, the metal remaining after said etching constituting the self-aligned gate electrode.

Abstract: There are provided for radar applications microwave multigate junctions that utilize excitation of peripheral modes. The conductor structure is applied to a ferrite, that is magnetized perpendicularly to the plane of its mass. The arrangement presents, through adaptation between the TEM mode and the peripheral mode, an effective distribution of the permeability of the ferrite which is spatially non-uniform in correspondence with tapering zones of the conductor which serves for the coupling of transmission lines.