Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating an elemental image by an integral image technique are provided. The method includes normalizing coordinates of dots in a frustum formed in perspective projection by mapping the dots in the frustum into a cube; reversing a grade of depth of the cube viewed from a particular viewpoint; and generating a two-dimensional (2D) elemental image necessary for three-dimensional (3D) display from dots in the cube whose grade of depth is reversed.

Abstract: A display device has a plurality of pixels, where each pixel includes a light emitting element, a capacitor, a driving transistor having a control terminal, an input terminal, and an output terminal and supplying a driving current to the light emitting element to emit light, a first switching unit diode-connecting the driving transistor and supplying a data voltage to the capacitor in response to a scanning signal, and a second switching unit supplying a driving voltage to the driving transistor and connecting the capacitor to the driving transistor in response to the emission signal, wherein the capacitor is connected to the driving transistor through the first switching unit, stores a control voltage depending on the data voltage and the threshold voltage of the driving transistor, and is connected to the driving transistor through the second switching unit to supply the control voltage to the driving transistor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a power saving in a wireless local area network including a plurality of access points providing at least one mobile station in each access point cell boundary with access service, the mobile station transits between an active mode and an idle mode. The power saving method includes grouping the access points into at least one paging group with a paging group boundary; determining if the a mobile station is in the idle mode in which the mobile station switches between an awake state and a doze state every predetermined time interval, or the active mode in which the mobile station is in the awake mode; and if the mobile station is in the idle mode enabling an idle handoff which occurs only when the mobile station crosses the paging group boundary. In the present invention, the handoff occurs when the mobile terminal crosses the paging group boundary but not the access point cell in the idle mode, resulting in reduction of power consumption.

Abstract: Provided is an anticancer agent which comprises an anti-PD-1 antibody or an anti-PD-L1 antibody as an active ingredient, functioning to reverse the unresponsiveness of iNKT cells in which anergy has been induced by administration with an iNKT cell ligand. The anti-PD-1 or anti-PD-L1 antibody blocks the PD-1/PD-L1-mediated signaling pathway not only to prevent the iNKT cell ligand-induced iNKT cell anergy, but also to reverse the unresponsiveness of already anergic iNKT cells to produce cytokines. In addition, the anti-PD1 or anti-PD-L1 antibody ensures the potent anti-tumor activity of iNKT cells as demonstrated by a significant reduction in the number of metastatic nodules in B16F10 melanoma metastasis models in vivo. Collectively, the anticancer agent can be very useful in the treatment of cancer, particularly metastatic cancer.

Abstract: An ultrathin film of calcium phosphate crystals having a thickness of 200 nm or less on a surface of a solid substrate, and a method for preparing the same are disclosed. Further, an amorphous dendritic extension used as an intermediate material in preparation of the ultrathin film of calcium phosphate and a method for forming the same are disclosed. The ultrathin film of calcium phosphate crystals can be coated on the surface of the solid substrate while substantially maintaining surface roughness of the solid substrate. The method employs calcium phosphate ion solutions at low temperature.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing a bone graft substitute using bovine bone, and more particularly to a method for preparing a safe bone graft substitute which does not have the risk of infection with bovine spongiform encephalopathy, the method comprising treating bovine bone with sodium hypochlorite and treating the treated bone at a high temperature of more than 600° C. The bone graft substitute does not cause an immune response, because it is prepared by effectively removing lipids and organic substances from bovine bone having a structure very similar to that of the human bone. Also, it has excellent osteoconductivity, and is free of prion, and thus it does not have the risk of infection with bovine spongiform encephalopathy. According to the disclosed invention, the bone graft substitute having such advantages can be prepared in a simple manner.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and methods of manufacturing and operating the semiconductor device may be disclosed. The semiconductor device may comprise different nanostructures. The semiconductor device may have a first element formed of nanowires and a second element formed of nanoparticles. The nanowires may be ambipolar carbon nanotubes (CNTs). The first element may be a channel layer. The second element may be a charge trap layer. In this regard, the semiconductor device may be a transistor or a memory device.

Abstract: A transparent electrode for a display device includes a nanocarbon material and a dopant comprising at least one of aluminum, alumina, palladium, and gold. In some embodiments, the transparent electrode has excellent transparency and low resistance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for the treatment and improvement of diabetes comprising caveolin as an active ingredient and a method for treating diabetes using the same, more precisely a composition comprising caveolin-1 as an active ingredient for the treatment and improvement of type II diabetes which is age-dependent but not showing obesity symptom and a method for treating diabetes using the same. The treatment method and composition of the present invention is very effective in improving and treating diabetes by regulating insulin sensitivity by increasing caveolin level in muscle tissues of type II diabetes patient which is age-dependent but not showing obesity symptom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an injectable bone regeneration material containing a bone formation enhancing peptide, and more particularly, to an injectable bone regeneration material, in which a bone formation enhancing peptide essentially containing one and more amino acid sequences among SEQ ID NO: 1 to SEQ ID NO: 28 is bonded or mixed to a gel-forming base material selected from the group consisting of chitosan, alginic acid, silk fibroin, propylene glycol, propylene glycol alginic acid, poloxamer, chondroitin sulphate, and the combination thereof. The injectable bone regeneration material according to the present invention can increase differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells and osteoblasts into bone tissue, thus maximizing tissue regeneration by a peptide capable of promoting differentiation of bone tissue and periodontal tissue regeneration. The injectable bone regeneration material is in the form of a gel, and thus can be applied to a surface of various medical devices such as implant etc.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of manufacturing a laterally graded porous silicon optical filter through diffusion-limited etching. The change in resonance frequency of the porous silicon layer in a taper axis direction is adjusted using the diffusion of reactive ions in an etchant under conditions of use of a related etch mask pattern. It is possible to manufacture an optical band-pass filter having a resonance frequency that linearly changes using a tapered etch window opening.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound as a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) activator and a hydrate, a solvate, a stereoisomer and a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition, a cosmetic composition, a muscle strengthening agent, a memory improving agent, a therapeutic agent for dementia and Parkinson's disease, a functional food and a feed composition containing the same.

Abstract: Disclosed is a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system including a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end includes: a hierarchical codebook in which at least one base codebook is designated as the upper matrix and a child codebook generated based on a chordal distance between respective codewords configuring the base codebook is designated as the lower matrix; a scheduler configured to receive channel state information from the receiving end and select precoding matrices from the hierarchical codebook based on the channel state information; and a precoder configured to apply the precoding matrices selected in the scheduler to data to be transmitted to the receiving end and transmit the selected precoding matrices through a plurality of antennas.

Abstract: In the quorum sensing antagonist blocking the communication in bacteria, the method for preventing biofilm formation using this quorum sensing antagonist and the method for reducing the bacterial contamination, the quorum sensing antagonist contains the homoserine lactone moiety and sulfanylethanoyl group, and has a similar chemical structure to that of the autoinducer which is produced by bacteria as a signal, whereby the quorum sensing antagonist can inhibit the formation of biofilm and reduce the bacterial contamination as well.

Abstract: An electron beam focusing electrode and an electron gun using the same may include a plate having a polygonal through-hole; at least a projecting portion formed on at least one side of the through-hole. By using the electron beam focusing electrode, a spreading phenomenon of an electron beam having a rectangular cross section may be reduced. Further, the output of the electron gun may be increased, and electron beams may be easily focused.

Abstract: A waveguide of a multi-layer metal structure and a manufacturing method thereof are provided, the method including applying a plurality of metal layers on a substrate and a plurality of insulating layers respectively between the respective metal layers. Accordingly, it is possible to minimize conductive loss by dispersing current uniformly through wide regions between a signal line and ground lines.

Abstract: There is provided a magnonic-crystal spin wave device capable of controlling a frequency of a spin wave. The magnonic-crystal spin wave device according to the invention includes a spin wave waveguide made of magnetic material, and the spin wave waveguide guides the spin wave so as to propagate in one direction, and includes a magnonic crystal part which has a cross-section orthogonal to the direction, and at least one of a shape, area size, and center line of the cross-section periodically changes in the direction. In accordance with the invention, it is possible to easily control the frequency of the spin wave using the spin wave waveguide made of single magnetic material.

Abstract: A micro reforming reactor includes a first substrate with a micro channel having a width of less than 1,000 ?m bonded to a second substrate to form a micro tunnel. An adhesive layer is formed on the internal walls of the micro tunnel using a flow coating method. A catalyst may then be optionally formed on the adhesive coated internal walls of the micro tunnel, also using a flow coating method.

Abstract: A system and method for probing a channel by a base station in a communication system is provided. The channel probing includes performing pre-probing for selecting a subchannel, adjusting a subcarrier distance of a probing signal according to frequency selectivity indicative of frequency-domain channel selectivity based on a time channel correlation of each of a plurality of users and performing main-probing for transmitting the probing signal on the selected subchannel.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for partial adaptive transmission in a Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) system are provided. The method includes estimating a correlation matrix between Transmit (Tx) antennas and an average Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and generating a long-term precoding matrix composed of a predetermined number of dominant eigen dimensions of the correlation matrix by using the estimated correlation matrix and average SNR. The apparatus and method provide a new adaptive MIMO transmission method capable of reducing the feedback information overhead and maximizing performance.