Abstract: A safe and environmental protection type underground oil tank can comprise a tank body of two-layer structure comprising an inner tank wall and an outer tank wall, an interlayer space formed between the inner tank wall and the outer tank wall, characterized in thai high porous explosion-proof materials in a plurality of units are respectively filled in a cavity of tank body and the interlayer space formed between the two-layer tank walls. The underground oil tank can also comprise an oil leak detection device being provided in the interiayer space between the two-layer tank walls, and an oil spill pool being established on a manhole cover of the tank body, and the bottom of this oil spill pool being in communication with the interiayer space between the two-layer tank walls.