Abstract: An electrical control box is provided according to the present application, which includes a first heat dissipation base plate and a second heat dissipation base plate. The first heat dissipation base plate and the second heat dissipation base plate may both be detachably arranged on a heat dissipation base. In the electrical control box, the first heat dissipation base plate is configured to fix the first electrical component, and the second heat dissipation base plate is configured to fix the second electrical component. A new energy vehicle is further provided according to the present application.