Abstract: Airway management virtual reality (VR) training systems and methods are provided, which use relatively simple and passive physical patient models to train users in performing airway management procedures. Patient models may include a respiratory tract, a moveable head and an openable jaw, which are anatomically realistic; and electromagnetic sensors that measure the movements of parts of the physical model and movement of tools used to handle the model. The parameters of the medical procedure being performed are sensed, tracked and displayed, providing the trainee with a continuous, detailed and coherent VR representation of the training situation in a realistic scene, utilizing and modifying a sensors' hierarchy to focus the VR representation on key features of the training and to yield interactivity of the VR patient and assessment of the trainee's performance.

Abstract: Ultrasound (US) simulation systems and methods are provided, which utilize computer tomography (CT) data to generate US simulation images, offline or online. Systems and methods repeatedly derive and display consecutive US simulation images that correspond to consecutively-derived corresponding US slices (according to the changing locations and orientations of a dummy US transducer mimicking the US transducer with respect to a physical patient model)—that define geometrically US simulation regions. The US simulation images are at least partly derived from CT data using a CT to US conversion model. Acoustic parameters (e.g., tissue density, acoustic attenuation and impedance) are calculated and integrated per pixel, along beams in the US slice, to form the US image. Additional modelling may be used to calculate reflection and scattering and their effects on the image pixels, and enhancements such as animation and flow data may be added.

Abstract: Airway management virtual reality (VR) training systems and methods are provided, which use relatively simple and passive physical patient models to train users in performing airway management procedures. Patient models may include a respiratory tract, a moveable head and an openable jaw, which are anatomically realistic; and electromagnetic sensors that measure the movements of parts of the physical model and movement of tools used to handle the model. The parameters of the medical procedure being performed are sensed, tracked and displayed, providing the trainee with a continuous, detailed and coherent VR representation of the training situation in a realistic scene, utilizing and modifying a sensors' hierarchy to focus the VR representation on key features of the training and to yield interactivity of the VR patient and assessment of the trainee's performance.

Abstract: Airway management virtual reality (VR) training systems and methods are provided, which use relatively simple and passive physical patient models to train users in performing airway management procedures. Patient models may include a respiratory tract, a moveable head and an openable jaw, which are anatomically realistic; and electromagnetic sensors that measure the movements of parts of the physical model and movement of tools used to handle the model. The parameters of the medical procedure being performed are sensed, tracked and displayed, providing the trainee with a continuous, detailed and coherent VR representation of the training situation in a realistic scene, utilizing and modifying a sensors' hierarchy to focus the VR representation on key features of the training and to yield interactivity of the VR patient and assessment of the trainee's performance.

Abstract: Systems and methods for simulating and rendering medical procedures in a virtual reality operating room for a training a trainee are provided. A medical procedure can be simulated and a trainee can manually manipulate a medical tool to perform the simulated medical procedure in virtual reality on a virtual reality avatar in the virtual reality simulation.

Abstract: Ultrasound (US) simulation systems and methods are provided, which utilize computer tomography (CT) data to generate US simulation images, offline or online. Systems and methods repeatedly derive and display consecutive US simulation images that correspond to consecutively-derived corresponding US slices (according to the changing locations and orientations of a dummy US transducer mimicking the US transducer with respect to a physical patient model)—that define geometrically US simulation regions. The US simulation images are at least partly derived from CT data using a CT to US conversion model. Acoustic parameters (e.g., tissue density, acoustic attenuation and impedance) are calculated and integrated per pixel, along beams in the US slice, to form the US image. Additional modelling may be used to calculate reflection and scattering and their effects on the image pixels, and enhancements such as animation and flow data may be added.

Abstract: Airway management virtual reality (VR) training systems and methods are provided, which use relatively simple and passive physical patient models to train users in performing airway management procedures. Patient models may include a respiratory tract, a moveable head and an openable jaw, which are anatomically realistic; and electromagnetic sensors that measure the movements of parts of the physical model and movement of tools used to handle the model. The parameters of the medical procedure being performed are sensed, tracked and displayed, providing the trainee with a continuous, detailed and coherent VR representation of the training situation in a realistic scene, utilizing and modifying a sensors' hierarchy to focus the VR representation on key features of the training and to yield interactivity of the VR patient and assessment of the trainee's performance.

Abstract: A system and method for converting imaging data, for example, medical imaging data, to three-dimensional printer data Imaging data may be received describing for example a three-dimensional volume of a subject or patient. Using printer definition data describing a particular printer, 3D printer input data may be created from the imaging data describing at least part of the three-dimensional volume.

Abstract: A system and method for converting imaging data, for example, medical imaging data, to three-dimensional printer data. Imaging data may be received describing for example a three-dimensional volume of a subject or patient. Using printer definition data describing a particular printer, 3D printer input data may be created from the imaging data describing at least part of the three-dimensional volume.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a method of performing computerized simulations of image-guided procedures. The method may comprise receiving medical image data of a specific patient. A patient-specific digital image-based model of an anatomical structure of the specific patient may be generated based on the medical image data. A computerized simulation of an image-guided procedure may be performed using the digital image-based model. Medical image data, the image-based model and a simulated medical tool model may be simultaneously displayed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a method of performing a simulation of a medical procedure. A physical model of an anatomical structure and of a medical tool may be provided. 3D digital models of the anatomical structure and medical tool may be provided. A location parameter related to a location of the physical medical tool with respect to the physical model of the anatomical structure may be received. The 3D models of the anatomical structure and medical tool may be manipulated according to the location parameter.

Abstract: Methods for virtual reality and augmented reality rendering of a 3D object are provided. The methods can include segmenting the 3D object such that portions of the 3D object can be identifiable and distinguishable. The methods can include creating masks, identifying relationships between the masks and marking the masks accordingly.

Abstract: A system for simulating an image-guided medical procedure on a computerized anatomy is provided. The system includes a foldable base having two portions connected by a hinged connector, each portion of the foldable base is provided with one or more docking stations. The system further includes two or more working units, each connectable to any one of the docking stations. Each working unit comprises a chamber capable of receiving an operation tool, a diameter sensor to detect diameter information related to the operational tool and a tracking unit configured to detect tracking information related to the operational tool.

Abstract: A system and method for converting imaging data, for example, medical imaging data, to three-dimensional printer data. Imaging data may be received describing for example a three-dimensional volume of a subject or patient. Using printer definition data describing a particular printer, 3D printer input data may be created from the imaging data describing at least part of the three-dimensional volume.

Abstract: Systems and methods for rendering medical procedures in a virtual reality operating room for a training a trainee are provided. A medical procedure can be simulated and a trainee can manually manipulate a medical tool to perform the simulated medical procedure in virtual reality on a virtual reality avatar in the virtual reality simulation.

Abstract: Systems and methods for simulating medical procedures in a virtual reality operating room for a training a trainee are provided. A medical procedure can be simulated and a trainee can manually manipulate a medical tool to perform the simulated medical procedure in virtual reality on a virtual reality avatar in the virtual reality simulation.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a method of performing computerized simulations of image-guided procedures. The method may comprise receiving medical image data and metadata of a specific patient. A patient-specific digital image-based model of an anatomical structure may be generated based on the medical image data and the metadata. A computerized simulation of an image-guided procedure may be performed using the digital image-based model and the metadata.

Abstract: A method and a system to simulate ultrasound images and hence for simulating the evaluation of a subject with such images as a diagnostic tool. For the purpose of simulating ultrasound images, these images may be considered to be planar slices of a given geometry. These slices are generated from the surface geometry of the portion of the subject which would receive the ultrasound waves if the ultrasound diagnostic procedure was actually be performed. Simulating such ultrasound images may therefore be performed by determining such images from surface models, and then rendering those ultrasound images at the desired position. The rendering of such simulated ultrasound images also optionally and preferably includes the simulation of the “grainy” quality of such images.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a foldable system for a simulated image-guided medical procedure. The system includes a foldable base having at least two portions connected by a hinge, each to support one of the guide tubes two or more guide tubes to guide operational tools and two or more tracking units to detect tracking information of the operational tools. The tracking units are configured to provide tracking information to a processor be used in an image guided computerized medical simulation.

Abstract: An apparatus for simulating an image-guided procedure. The system comprises an input for receiving a three-dimensional (3D) medical image depicting an organ of a patient, a model generation unit for generating a 3D anatomical model of the organ according to the 3D medical image, and a simulating unit for simulating a planned image-guided procedure on the patient, according to the 3D anatomical model.