Abstract: A method and apparatus for accomplishing endotracheal suctioning of a patient without having to disconnect the patient from a respirator. A suctioning tube is positioned in the tracheal tube through a wall of the respirator tubing set, in a manner maintaining the integrity of the respiration system. The technique is particularly useful for maintaining positive end expiratory pressure without interruptions during suctioning.

Abstract: A device is disclosed which is capable of generating turbulence in a fluid as well as a sonic or ultrasonic field of predetermined frequency comprising a swirl chamber which is in fluid communication with a compression chamber and followed downstream by modulator cavities. Each successive stage of the device can alter the frequency and amplitude of the waves produced and in certain embodiments can act to intensify the vortices created in the fluid passing through the device to produce both mold controlled turbulence as well as stable high frequency/high amplitude acoustic (sonic or ultrasonic) vibration at the exit port.

Abstract: The specification discloses apparatus for fragmenting fluid fuels into submicron size constituents of substantially uniform size for improved combustion and blue flame burning. In an improved nozzle (10), fluid fuel at constant pressure is introduced tangentially into a frustroconical swirl chamber (20) whereby vortical flow of the fluid is induced. A frequency multiplier and amplitude amplifier (30) for generating an ultrasonic field of constant high frequency is disposed downstream of the swirl chamber (20) in coaxial alignment therewith. The frequency multiplier and amplitude amplifier (30) includes a generally cylindrical compression chamber (32), open at the upstream end to receive the vortical flow and substantially closed at the downstream end.