Abstract: A highly integrated miniature RF module includes a dielectric base board with opposing top and bottom metal layers and having interconnects traces, radio frequency (RF) circuits and semiconductor chips at the top metal layer and ground and signal pads at the bottom metal layer. Metalized vias extending through the dielectric material connect the top and bottom layers. A top cover made out of laminate material, such as FR-4, with opposing top and bottom metal layers and having machined compartments and channels, surrounded with arrays of metal plated vias extending through the laminate material, protects the RF circuits and chips and provide the required isolation and wave propagation.

Abstract: An acoustic/ultrasonic detection system can detect, for example, an object concealed under the clothing of a subject. The system includes a signal generator configured to output an electrical signal. An acoustic/ultrasonic transducer can be configured to convert the electrical signal into an acoustic/ultrasonic signal, transmit the acoustic/ultrasonic signal, receive a reflected acoustic/ultrasonic signal from an object in the target area and convert the reflected acoustic/ultrasonic signal into a received electrical signal. The transducer is at least one of an air-coupled transducer and an electro-magnetic acoustic transducer.

Abstract: Active and passive sub-millimeter wave RF and ultrasonic systems can be used to detect a concealed object, such as an object concealed under the clothing of a subject, and identify material properties of the object. A concealed object detection system can include an antenna configured to receive an RF signal in the sub-millimeter wave range, the RF signal having been emitted by an object, a detector configured to convert the RF signal into an electrical signal, a signal integrator configured to integrate the electrical signal and provide an integrated signal over an observation period and a processor configured to extract object information from the integrated signal. An object indication device provides an indication of a detected object and material properties of the detected object based on the extracted object information. The extracted object information can include object image data and object material identification data.

Abstract: Active and passive sub-millimeter wave RF and ultrasonic systems can be used to detect a concealed object, such as an object concealed under the clothing of a subject, and identify material properties of the object. A concealed object detection system can include an antenna configured to receive an RF signal in the sub-millimeter wave range, the RF signal having been emitted by an object, a detector configured to convert the RF signal into an electrical signal, a signal integrator configured to integrate the electrical signal and provide an integrated signal over an observation period and a processor configured to extract object information from the integrated signal. An object indication device provides an indication of a detected object and material properties of the detected object based on the extracted object information. The extracted object information can include object image data and object material identification data.

Abstract: Concealed object detection using electromagnetic and acoustic multistatic imaging systems and methods. A method of simultaneously screening plural subjects for concealed objects includes transmitting a signal into a screening area where there is at least one subject to be screened having an associated object, receiving a reflected signal from the object when the object is located within the screening area, processing the reflected signal using multistatic Fourier space sampling and tomographic reconstruction to generate a three-dimensional image of the object and displaying the three-dimensional image. The transmitting and receiving are performed using a multi-directional array including at least three sensors. An object detection system includes a screening area, a multi-directional array including at least three sensors, a processor configured to execute multistatic Fourier space sampling and tomographic reconstruction and a display.

Abstract: An acoustic/ultrasonic detection system can detect, for example, an object concealed under the clothing of a subject. The system includes a signal generator configured to output an electrical signal. An acoustic/ultrasonic transducer can be configured to convert the electrical signal into an acoustic/ultrasonic signal, transmit the acoustic/ultrasonic signal, receive a reflected acoustic/ultrasonic signal from an object in the target area and convert the reflected acoustic/ultrasonic signal into a received electrical signal. The transducer is at least one of an air-coupled transducer and an electro-magnetic acoustic transducer.

Abstract: Concealed object detection using electromagnetic and acoustic multistatic imaging systems and methods. A method of simultaneously screening plural subjects for concealed objects includes transmitting a signal into a screening area where there is at least one subject to be screened having an associated object, receiving a reflected signal from the object when the object is located within the screening area, processing the reflected signal using multistatic Fourier space sampling and tomographic reconstruction to generate a three-dimensional image of the object and displaying the three-dimensional image. The transmitting and receiving are performed using a multi-directional array including at least three sensors. An object detection system includes a screening area, a multi-directional array including at least three sensors, a processor configured to execute multistatic Fourier space sampling and tomographic reconstruction and a display.

Abstract: A Concentrating Photovoltaics (CPV) module includes a metal frame, a plurality of Fresnel lenses, a secondary reflective or refractive concentrator, multi-junction solar cells with up to 40% efficiency and a novel heat spreading material. The Fresnel lenses and the secondary concentrator focus the sun over 500 times to maximize the amount of photons collected by the solar cells and converted to electricity. A newly designed soft board material provides coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) matched carrier for the solar cells and an efficient electrical connectivity method. The carrier board is attached to a specially formulated heat spreader made of graphite. At 40% the weight of aluminum and 18% the weight of copper, this specially formulated material offers thermal heat conductivity that is superior to copper. The combination of the above creates CPV modules with the highest efficiency and lowest cost per Watt.