Abstract: A photosensitive polyimide resin 12 is exposed and developed via a computer-aided designed (CAD) pattern film 14 to form a pattern onto a mold base 11 by means of photoresisit method. A molded pattern 13 is thus formed to construct a mold 10. An optical panel 2 is formed by the use of the mold 10 with an optical pattern 3 comprising circular or rectangular dot holes or dot projections each of which is several &mgr;ms and arranged in high density which is a reversal of the molded pattern 13. The optical pattern 3 performs light guiding or diffusion of incident light in high luminance and with a high degree of uniformity, thereby achieving secondary illumination without having see-through of the optical pattern.

Abstract: A vehicle headlamp device 10 can be equipped with a discharge lamp 11, a beam switch device 13 that is used to switch between the high beam and low beam, a light distribution switch device 14 which broadens the horizontal light distribution in the forward direction of the vehicle during cornering, and a lighting device 20 which supplies electric power to the discharge lamp. The light distribution switch device 14 can be controlled such that the horizontal light distribution is broadened in the forward direction when the vehicle speed and steering angle exceed specified values. The lighting device 20 can be controlled such that the electric power supplied to the discharge lamp increases only when the horizontal light distribution is broadened by the light distribution switch device 14.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp is disclosed that includes plural light sources located on a printed wiring board. A first reflection structure reflects light from the light sources to a light emitting surface, and a second reflection structure reflects light reflected from the first reflection structure in an illuminating direction of the vehicle lamp. The construction of the lamp's first and the second reflection structures permits the light emitting surface of the vehicle lamp to shine uniformly. Accordingly, the number of the light sources required is minimized.

Abstract: A lighting fixture for a vehicle where a fit part of a waterproof cover and the mounting part of a reflector are covered with a removal preventing piece in the waterproof construction of the reflector so mounted as to be tilt freely in the lamp housing. The removal preventing piece is provided around the peripheral part of a socket cover for a lamp socket of the used lamp and the number of parts is all the smaller or the use of the flange part on the lamp socket as a removal preventing piece makes it possible to provide a simpler and smaller lighting fixture for a vehicle.

Abstract: When electrodes in two-layer composition, provided with a color filter in the inside thereof, are provided on the inner surface of a liquid crystal cell board, it is aimed to prevent creation of faulty connections in contact holes and to transmit a driving voltage normally even if faulty connections may occur. A first-layer transparent electrode 1a is formed on the board, then resist is coated so that the contact holes 6 are open on the side surface in one side of the electrode pattern, on which a color filter 3 is formed. After that, said resist is removed and a second-layer transparent electrode 1b is formed in film.

Abstract: To correct variation of a property of light orientation induced by inclination of a vehicle body during a cornering operation, a projector type cornering head lamp including an inclination sensor further includes correcting means. When the correcting means is mechanically constructed, it comprises a pair of opening portions formed on a light shielding plate, shutters for closing the opening portions therewith and solenoids for pulling the shutter downwardly in response to an output from the inclination sensor. When the correcting means is electrically constructed, it is constituted by a circular liquid crystal element preferably comprising a supertwistnematic liquid crystal and serving also as a light shielding plate.

Abstract: In the revolution frequency indication apparatus in which the revolution frequency of a rotating body is measured and indicated according to a sensor pulse obtained from a revolution sensor mounted on said rotating body or its surrounding, a revolution frequency indication apparatus comprising an indication updating time counter circuit which counts predetermined indication updating time intervals, and a revolution frequency measurement portion which measures the revolution frequency of said rotating body by means of a sensor pulse entered within a measurement time interval of said counter circuit.

Abstract: A ferroelectric liquid crystal panel comprising 2 layers of liquid crystal cells, each of which comprises a ferroelectric crystal sealed between two substrates and then is laminated together; wherein one of said liquid crystal cells is operated as a panel driving liquid crystal cell and the other of said liquid crystal cells is operated as an optical compensating cell, while both said liquid crystal cells being driven by rectangular wave AC signals. Furthermore, the ferroelectric liquid crystal panel is constructed to operate in an intermediate tone by varying the phases of said rectangular wave AC signals applied to the liquid crystal cells of the first and second layers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an auxiliary stop lamp which is mounted internally of a rear window of a vehicle so as to illuminate the back of the vehicle, characterized in that the auxiliary stop lamp comprises a cylindrical housing in teh form of a transparent flexible member having opening at both ends thereof, side lids mounted on the respective openings of the housing, said side lids each having a base plate mounting portion on the inner surface side of the housing, and an LED mounting base plate formed from a flexible member mounted on the base plate mounting portion of the side lid.

Abstract: An inverter apparatus for converting a direct current which flows through the primary side of an output transformer to an alternating current which is outputted from the secondary side of the transformer. Switching elements are used to interrupt the flow of the direct current through the primary of the output transformer and frequency control means is provided for driving the switching elements at the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit formed by the secondary of the output transformer and the load. A circuit for altering the pulse width of the output signal is also provided for controling the power delivered to the load.

Abstract: An ultrafine grain fluorescent body comprises an ultrafine grain luminescent material containing an activator and having a surface carrying thereon a layer which is formed from a different material from the luminescent material, or which has different properties from those of the luminescent material. The layer forms a heterojunction or p-n junction defining a luminescent mechanism in an interface between the luminescent material and the layer. The heterojunction is formed if the layer is a film of oxide, nitride or any other different substance formed on the surface of the luminescent material, e.g. ZnS, having a grain size of several hundred to several thousand angstroms. Alternatively, the p-n junction is formed if the luminescent material is a p-type (or n-type) semiconductor, and if the layer is a film of an n-type (or p-type) a semiconductor formed on the surface thereof.

Abstract: The bonding of a lead wire on a semiconductor having an ohmic contact metal electrode provided locally on a surface at a selected location is achieved through detecting the image of the metal electrode more precisely by enhancing the contrast between the metal electrode and the semiconductor surface. The enhanced contrast is accomplished by illuminating the contact-carrying surface at Brewster's angle with a beam of light rays having a wavelength in the range of the light transmission coefficient of the semiconductor material constituting the chip, and polarizing either the illuminating beam or the reflected beam or both to produce a difference in intensity of light between the contact and the light reflected from the semiconductor area. The illuminating light beam may be passed through a filter means to render a narrow frequency beam of light rays.

Abstract: A planar heater for a liquid crystal element includes a thin metal plate having a relatively high specific resistance such as stainless, nichrome, nickel-chrome iron alloy, etc. The thin metal plate is subjected to etching-working to form a mesh-like heat generating body, opposite ends of which are provided with terminal portions for connection into an electrical circuit.

Abstract: A lens for a light emitting diode is formed by inserting a pair of lead frames into a mold having grooves for snugly receiving the outer free ends of the lead frames. The outer-most edge of the lead frame free ends engage the base of the mold, thereby precisely locating the light emitting element, mounted on the lead frames, relative to the top surface of the lens. The snug fit for the outer free ends assures that the outer free ends are free of the resin to facilitate alignment of the finished product in an electro-optical circuit and to provide improved radiation of heat to the atmosphere.

Abstract: On-line inspection of electric characteristics of a semiconductor device can be achieved during a step of bonding a lead wire to a chip surface of the semiconductor device in the process of fabricating an electronic component, by the use of a circuit arrangement formed between a lead wire fed from a bonder and connectors serving as electric terminals when the chip is mounted thereon to be made into an electronic component, and by the application of electric power thereto.