Abstract: A method for imaging patterning compositions comprising the steps of:

Abstract: A negative-working image forming process which comprises the steps of:

Abstract: An electrolytic process and apparatus is disclosed for oxidizing or reducing inorganic and organic species, especially in dilute aqueous solutions, and for water purification and treatment. The electrolytic reactor includes an anode, cathode and a packed bed of particulate ion exchange material which, preferably, is modified by converting a portion of the transfer sites to semiconductor junctions which act as mini anodes, or cathodes, to significantly increase the capacity of the reactor to oxidize or reduce the species to be treated, or split water. The ion exchange material may be a monobed of either modified anion exchange material or modified cation exchange material, or a mixed bed of both, and can be in direct contact with either the anode or cathode, or separated from both. Under the influence of direct current, free radical hydroxyl, free radical hydrogen, regenerant hydroxyl ion and/or regenerant hydrogen ion are generated.

Abstract: A system for measuring the spatial dimensions of a three-dimensional object employs a lens and at least two detectors. The combination of which defines two or more object planes. The combination of the lens and the detectors define an optical axis tat is normal to the object planes and passes through a focal point of the lens. At least a first and a second photodetector are optically aligned with the object though the lens. The first and second photodetectors or array of detectors are further parallel with the surface but have differing elevations relative to that surface. In addition, the first and second photodetectors are capable of motion relative to said object. Electrical output from the first and fix the second photodetectors is provided to a processor that determines a distance of the object from the lens and thereby a height of the object. This system is particularly suited for measuring the spatial dimensions of solder balls mounted to a surface of a ball grid array (BGA) electronic package.

Abstract: A narrow stationary impact attenuation system (10) for reducing the severity of vehicular collisions occasioned by an errant vehicle striking an immovable object at narrow hazard sites. The subject narrow stationary impact attenuation system (10) includes crash cushion means (12), lateral stability means (14), backup means (16), support means (18), lateral deflection means (20), vehicle anti-vaulting means (22), redirection means (24), and base means (26). The lateral stability means (14) extends the length of the crash cushion means (12) on either side thereof. The backup means (16) is positioned in juxtaposed relation to the crash cushion means (12) at the rear thereof. The support means (18) is positioned in juxtaposed relation to the crash cushion means (12) at the front thereof. The lateral deflection means (20), the vehicle anti-vaulting means (22) and the redirection means (24) are each mounted in supported relation at selected positions relative to the crash cushion means (12).

Abstract: A stationary impact attenuation system (10) for reducing the severity of vehicular collisions occasioned by an errant vehicle striking an immovable object. The subject stationary impact attenuation system (10) includes support means (14), impact attenuating means (12) and protective means (16). The support means (14) is located in juxtaposed relation to an immovable object and so as to lie between the immovable object and an oncoming errant vehicle. The impact attenuating means (12) is positioned in supported relation on the support means (14) and is selectively operative to entrap an errant vehicle striking the stationary impact attenuation system (10) at a first location and to redirect an errant vehicle striking the stationary impact attenuation system (10) at a second location.

Abstract: An energy absorbing system, operable as an impact attenuation device for reducing the severity of vehicular collisions, comprising guidance frame means, energy absorbing means and impacting plate means. The guidance frame means, which is operable to secure one end of the energy absorbing system in fixed relation to an object, includes an attachment plate through which the guidance frame means is fastened at one end to the aforesaid object, structural tubing members having one end thereof secured to the attachment plate, first support means operable for supporting the structural tubing members and for securing the other end of the structural tubing members to the aforesaid object, and reinforcing means mounted on the structural tubing members operable to provide additional structural strength to the structural tubing members.

Abstract: The invention provides method and apparatus for applying a deicer liquid such as brine to a layer of frozen water (snow, ice, sleet, etc.) on a ground surface. The method provides for delivering brine or the like to a plurality of liquid directing nozzles at a pressure of about 21.1 kg/cm.sup.2 (300 psi) and distributing the liquid onto the frozen water from the nozzles as coherent laminar streams having a turbulent outer boundary layer. The streams of liquid are directed at an incident angle of between about one to 5 degrees to the layer of frozen water. Preferably, the streams of liquid are also directed at a heading which defines an acute angle with the direction of movement of the nozzles. The apparatus, which is adapted to be mounted on a truck or other ground vehicle, includes a liquid storage tank, a high pressure liquid pump, a distribution header having a plurality of nozzles connected thereto and conduits interconnecting the foregoing.