Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for the removal of mercury and selenium from sulfate-containing waste water. The method may include the following steps: a) a mercury- and selenium-contaminated waste water with a known sulfate concentration is provided, b) barium sulfate (BaSO4) is precipitated from the provided waste water by the addition of a predefined amount of Ba2+ ions to the waste water, c) BaSO4 (if necessary together with other solids) is separated obtaining a low-solid waste water, d) the low-solid waste water is fed to an ion exchanger for the removal of mercury obtaining a waste water with a reduced mercury content, e) selenium and/or selenium compounds are removed from the waste water with the reduced mercury content and f) a sulfate-containing solution or solid is added to the waste water with a reduced selenium and/or selenium compound content in order to precipitate barium sulfate.

Abstract: Methods of removing or softening calcium material from a substrate (e.g., a catalytic converter) and regenerating a catalytic converter are provided. A substrate (e.g., a catalyst support material) having a calcium containing material (e.g., calcium-containing fly ash) embedded or deposited thereon can be treated with a composition including one or more organosulfur oxoacids or salts thereof.

Abstract: Methods of removing iron from a catalytic converter having an accumulation of one or more iron compounds and regenerating a catalytic converter are provided. A catalytic converter having an accumulation of one or more iron compounds embedded or deposited thereon can be treated with a substantially aqueous alkaline solution in which the substantially aqueous alkaline solution includes an antioxidant.

Abstract: Methods of removing iron from a catalytic converter having an accumulation of one or more iron compounds and regenerating a catalytic converter are provided. A catalytic converter having an accumulation of one or more iron compounds embedded or deposited thereon can be treated with a substantially aqueous alkaline solution in which the substantially aqueous alkaline solution includes an antioxidant.

Abstract: A method for operating a hybrid power plant comprising fuel-operated heating and solar energy heating of carrier fluids, wherein a first portion of total power provided by the power plant is based on fuel-operated heating of carrier fluids and a second portion of the total power is based on solar energy heating of carrier fluids, the heat absorbed by a solar energy heated carrier fluid is transferred to a carrier fluid circuit of a fuel-operated part of the power plant. When a sudden increase or reduction of the total power provided by the power plant is required as compared to a basic state, the second portion is first increased or reduced over a short time period in order to provide a positive or negative reserve power. Subsequently, the first portion is slowly increased or reduced and the second portion based on solar energy heating is correspondingly reduced or increased again.

Abstract: The invention related to a control system for a mill, particularly a roller grinding mill, comprising a mill control device (11), which is designed to control at least one mill characteristic on the basis of an associated target variable, and a fuzzy-control device (13), which is connected to the mill control device (11) and designed to adjust the target variable of the at least one mill characteristic to be controlled when at least one operating parameter of the mill deviates from a predefined normal range as a function of fuzzy rules that are based on said at least one operating parameter of the mill until the at least one operating parameter of the mill has reached the predefined normal range again. A solution is to be provided, which enables automated optimized mill operation even with changing operating conditions, particularly a mill operation that prevents the “mill rumbling”.

Abstract: A method for treating a catalyst base that comprises a contact area of porous material. A fluid, such as a flue gas stream, can be conducted along the contact area. A catalytically relevant substance is introduced into pores of the catalyst base using a transport fluid and remains on pore wall areas after removal of the transport fluid. The introduction is carried out such that an amount of the catalytically relevant substance relative to the surface remains on the pore wall areas as a function of location within the pore and decreases within the pore after exceeding a specific pore depth. A blocking fluid can first be introduced into pore regions beyond the specific pore depth, thus blocking these regions when transport fluid containing the catalytically relevant substance is introduced.

Abstract: A method for treating a catalyst base that comprises a contact area of porous material. A fluid, such as a flue gas stream, can be conducted along the contact area. A catalytically relevant substance is introduced into pores of the catalyst base using a transport fluid and remains on pore wall areas after removal of the transport fluid. The introduction is carried out such that an amount of the catalytically relevant substance relative to the surface remains on the pore wall areas as a function of location within the pore and decreases within the pore after exceeding a specific pore depth. A blocking fluid can first be introduced into pore regions beyond the specific pore depth, thus blocking these regions when transport fluid containing the catalytically relevant substance is introduced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided for cleaning flue gases from combustion plants. The method includes removing dust and removing nitrogen from flue gases, bringing flue gases into contact with an aqueous ammonia solution in the presence of an oxidizing agent whereby a reaction solution forms which contains at least ammonium carbonate, heating the reaction solution such that ammonium carbonate decomposes and carbon dioxide and ammonia transfer into the gas atmosphere, and reacting the gaseous carbon dioxide and the gaseous ammonia to form urea. The apparatus includes a device for removing nitrogen and removing dust from the flue gases, a washing device downstream of the device for removing nitrogen and removing dust, a stripper downstream of the washing device, and a urea installation downstream of the stripper.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for reducing a chimney draught in an upstream connected exhaust gas cleaning system consisting in immersing a chimney tube (1; 1?) provided with the open top part thereof in a bath in such a way that a liquid (condensate) collected therein forms a liquid barrier closing the exhaust gas input end of the chimney tube with respect to environment. In order to remove the exhaust gases from the upstream connected exhaust gas cleaning system, at least one part of the chimney tube cross section is exposed by lowering the liquid level under the edge thereof. Said lowering of the liquid level can be carried out by lowering the bath.

Abstract: Described is the use of a transponder in a commercial installation, particularly a power plant, which allows problems and dangerous situations existing in this context to be avoided and the attainable occupational safety in a commercial installation, particularly a power plant, to be increased. The transponder includes a reception element, a transmission element, a visual display unit and a memory element and also a control element which is operatively connected to these, in a commercial installation, particularly a power plant, in an arrangement or positioning on or in proximity to a component or at a switching or measuring point associated with the component for the purpose of visually displaying an operating state for the component or the switching or measuring point associated therewith using the visual display unit of the transponder.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for treating deactivated SCR catalysts having an increased SO2/SO3 conversion rate as a result of the accumulation of one or more iron compounds. The methods are characterized in that the catalysts are treated with an aqueous solution of an acidic reactive salt or hydrogen fluoride, with the addition of at least one antioxidant.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods for treating an SCR catalyst or components of an SCR system having a decreased NOx potential efficiency as a result of particulate pluggage in the system or in one or more channels in the SCR catalyst which renders at least a portion of the catalytic active areas inaccessible for the flue gas. The methods include removal of the particulates and plug(s) using a blasting stream of a pressurized carrier gas having a particulate blasting medium directed at the SCR catalyst or component of an SCR system.

Abstract: A method for treating a catalyst base that comprises a contact area of porous material. A fluid, such as a flue gas stream, can be conducted along the contact area. A catalytically relevant substance is introduced into pores of the catalyst base using a transport fluid and remains on pore wall areas after removal of the transport fluid. The introduction is carried out such that an amount of the catalytically relevant substance relative to the surface remains on the pore wall areas as a function of location within the pore and decreases within the pore after exceeding a specific pore depth. A blocking fluid can first be introduced into pore regions beyond the specific pore depth, thus blocking these regions when transport fluid containing the catalytically relevant substance is introduced.

Abstract: A method for treating catalysts, in particular, for the cleaning and/or regeneration of a catalyst, whereby the catalyst comprises parallel channels. The catalyst is taken out of service for treatment and flushed with a cleaning and/or regeneration fluid in-situ in the assembled state. The cleaning and/or regeneration fluid is introduced under pressure to that end of a bundle of adjacent channels away from the pressurized end of the catalyst. The channels of the bundle are flushed against gravity and the cleaning and/or regeneration fluid escapes from the other end of the channels thereupon enters the free ends of other adjacent channels and flows through the same under the effect of gravity.

Abstract: A method for operating a hybrid power plant comprising fuel-operated heating and solar energy heating of carrier fluids, wherein a first portion of total power provided by the power plant is based on fuel-operated heating of carrier fluids and a second portion of the total power is based on solar energy heating of carrier fluids, the heat absorbed by a solar energy heated carrier fluid is transferred to a carrier fluid circuit of a fuel-operated part of the power plant. When a sudden increase or reduction of the total power provided by the power plant is required as compared to a basic state, the second portion is first increased or reduced over a short time period in order to provide a positive or negative reserve power. Subsequently, the first portion is slowly increased or reduced and the second portion based on solar energy heating is correspondingly reduced or increased again.

Abstract: A method for treating a catalyst base that comprises a contact area of porous material. A fluid, such as a flue gas stream, can be conducted along the contact area. A catalytically relevant substance is introduced into pores of the catalyst base using a transport fluid and remains on pore wall areas after removal of the transport fluid. The introduction is carried out such that an amount of the catalytically relevant substance relative to the surface remains on the pore wall areas as a function of location within the pore and decreases within the pore after exceeding a specific pore depth. A blocking fluid can first be introduced into pore regions beyond the specific pore depth, thus blocking these regions when transport fluid containing the catalytically relevant substance is introduced.