Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for protecting heat exchangers placed in a duct (1) for smoke filled with fine particles of ash, e.g. coming from a pulverized coal boiler. The heat exchangers are constituted by parallel grids (10) each comprising a main region (A) fitted with rectilinear lengths (11) of tube extending perpendicularly to the direction of smoke movement, and two end regions (B) fitted with bends (12) and rectilinear lengths (13) of tube extending parallel to the direction of smoke movement. The protective device is constituted by parallel panels (20) which are parallel to the grids (10) of tubes, with each panel (20) being placed between two grids (10) and at each end region (B).

Abstract: Assembly device of tubes of low carbon ferritic stainless steel having 17 to 18.5% by weight of chromium on a tube-plate of carbon steel. It includes a first overlay of low carbon austenitic stainless steel having 11.50 to 14% by weight of nickel and 22 to 25% by weight of chromium on the surface of the tube-plate opposite the plurality of tubes, a second overlay on the first of low carbon austenitic stainless steel having 10 to 12% by weight of nickel and 19 to 23% by weight of chromium extending beyond the upper level of the ends of the tubes, and weld beads with or without filling metal around these ends between these ends and the stainless steel of the second overlay.

Abstract: Device for the homogeneous mixing of liquids flowing at different temperatures comprising a member connected to an inlet tube and to an outlet tube of a main circuit in which circulates a hot liquid, a cylindrical inlet of the member being connected to a secondary tube of a secondary circuit in which circulates a cold liquid, a cylindrical circuit sealingly fixed to the member on the outlet side thereof and having openings on the inlet tube side, wherein (1) an envelope formed, as from the inlet tube, by a cylindrical part, a frustum-shaped part and a cylinder surrounds the cylindrical pipe providing an annular space with the latter over part thereof located on the side of the inlet tube and having the said openings; (2) the envelope forms a first annular channel with the member; (3) a connecting tube connected to the secondary tube and to the cylinder forms, with a cylindrical inlet of the member, a second annular channel linked to the first annular channel; and (4) the cylindrical pipe has a series of holes

Abstract: A separator for separating a mixture of a vapor (or as gas, or a liquid) and of a liquid (or a solid) by centrifuging the mixture inside a chamber (2) which encloses at least one cell constituted by: a central core (120); at least one circulation tube (100); a swirler device (102) for imparting swirling flow to the mixture at the inlet to the, or each, circulation tube; a collector tube (103) for collecting a less dense portion of the initial mixture, said collector tube being installed at the outlet from the, or each, circulation tube and optionally being provided with an unswirler device (104) for unswirling the flow; at least one extractor device (105) for extracting a denser portion of said mixture; at least one collector device (107) for collecting said denser portion; and reinjection means for reinjecting a part of said denser portion into the mixture to be separated or being separated; wherein the reinjection means comprise at least one extractor duct (130) connecting the collector device (107) and the

Abstract: An apparatus for reinjecting flown-off particles into a solid fuel fire box of a boiler or furnace of the "projector with back grid" type, in which particulate fuel is projected from a fuel source adjacent a first zone to a grid, with the fuel burned along its trajectory from the first zone to a second zone on the grid. Means are provided for separately collecting both large and small fuel particles thrown off during combustion along the trajectory to the grid, and reinjecting the collected particles with the fine particles continuously reinjected at a rate approximately proportional to the boiler load at said second zone by means of a particle conveying air stream.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for supporting a pipe (1) which has a low thickness in relation to its diameter and which is subjected to considerable variations in temperature and to a radial traction stress of a known direction. It comprises:(a) support cradles (2A, 2B, 2C, 2D) having an internal profile with a curve radius close to that of the pipe;(b) a rigid half-collar (7) arranged around the pipe and separated from its periphery and on which certain of the cradles are fixed;(c) two articulated arms (5A, 5B) on the ends of the half-collar and on which the other cradles are fixed; and(d) a connection device (9A, 9B, 10, 11) formed by two other arms (9A, 9B) which are articulated on the one hand on the above-mentioned arms and on the other hand on pivot pin (10) on which is exerted the radial traction stress applying tightening on the pipe under the force of radial traction (F) applied to the pipe and independently of the expansion of the pipe.

Abstract: A heat exchanger panel having vertical tubes (1, 2) which form loops between an inlet (1A) and an outlet (1B) via which they are suspended from a rigid structure (3, 4), and intended to come into contact via their outer surfaces with a soot-laden gas characterized in that its tubes are separated from one another at a pitch which is a little greater than their diameter, in that the tubes of the central portion are interconnected by fins, and in that the end tubes directly connected to the suspension structure are fixed to one another and to the nearest adjacent tube by short members (14, 15) welded on either side to adjacent tubes (21, 22, 23) at a level below that of the top loops of the panel, and are connected to one another and to the adjacent tube below the fixing members by fins (26).

Abstract: Assembly of tubes in low carbon ferritic stainless steel having 17 to 18.5% by weight of chromium on a tube-plate of carbon steel. It includes at least one overlay of low carbon steel on the surface of the tube-plate opposite the plurality of tubes, of such thickness that the ends of the tubes are located at an intermediate level of the overlay, and weld beads between the ends of the tubes and the overlay.

Abstract: A method of regulating the operation of a material-crusher (1) in which the noise emitted by the crusher, the power absorbed thereby and the supply and removal flow rates of the material therein are detected. The flow rate (2) of the material fed into the crusher is regulated so as to maintain the quantity of material therein at a high and constant value close to that at which the efficiency of the crusher is at its best.

Abstract: This steam separator superheater comprises a horizontal axis cylindrical shell (1) enclosing in its lower portion a steam and moisture separator and in its upper portion a two-stage steam superheater resting on running paths supported half way up the shell by a frame (5). Each stage of the steam superheater is constituted by two bundles of hair-pin bent tubes (15, 16 and 17, 18) supplied with superheat steam from steam chests (43, 44, 45, 46). The upper stage rests on the lower stage. Both stages are inserted into the shell via sleeves (47, 48) outside the shell and extending loading openings made through an end plate (2) of the shell. The upper stage is lifted into position by lifting gear outside the shell (1) acting by means of lifting lines passing through passages (49) in the shell. The passages are closed by caps (51) when the separator superheater is in use.

Abstract: Assembly device of tubes of low carbon ferritic stainless steel having 17 to 18.5% by weight of chromium on a tube-plate of carbon steel. It includes a first overlay of low carbon austenitic stainless steel having 11.50 to 14% by weight of nickel and 22 to 25% by weight of chromium on the surface of the tube-plate opposite the plurality of tubes, a second overlay on the first of low carbon austenitic stainless steel having 10 to 12% by weight of nickel and 19 to 23% by weight of chromium extending beyond the upper level of the ends of the tubes, and weld beads with or without filling metal around these ends between these ends and the stainless steel of the second overlay.

Abstract: A system for interlocking closely adjacent verical lengths (10, 11, FIG. 2) of tube in a heat exchanger in which the tubes form loops between an inlet and an outlet and in which the tubes are suspended from a rigid structure by said inlet and outlet. Starting from the middle lengths, each length is provided with a hollow member (12) projecting on its side towards the outside of the bundle, welded to the tube along two generator lines (14, 24), and resting against the outer face of the adjacent length, and including a downwardly projecting lip (18), while the adjacent length is provided with an opposite like member (13) likewise welded thereto along two generator lines (15, 25), pressing against the outer face of the first length below the first member, and fitted with an upwardly projecting lip (19) engaging with the lip of the first member.

Abstract: Heat exchange device with a group of tubes and expansion bends which are not subject to vibration.The device has a group of tubes arranged between two tube plates and provided with expansion bends, for heat exchange between a fluid circulating within the tubes and a liquid circulating around the tubes.Expansion bends are arranged in contact with the liquid in the coldest zone of the exchanger. The device comprises means for ensuring that the liquid cannot cause any vibration of the expansion bends.Application to heat exchangers for a steam generator in which the primary fluid is constituted by liquid sodium.

Abstract: A spring support device capable of large vertical displacement for supporting relatively light pipework, such as the purge pipes of a boiler in a power station. The device includes an articulated parallelogram linkage (6) comprising a first hinge (7) connected to a fixed point, a second hinge (8)connected to the load, and vertically opposite the first hinge, and two side hinges (9, 10) in the same horizontal plane. The two arms (11, 13) of the parallelogram linkage that pass through the first hinge have extensions (12, 14) projecting beyond the first hinge and bearing against a plate (3) which transmits force to a compression spring (2). The extensions (12, 14) are considerably shorter than the sides of the parallelogram linkage.

Abstract: A support device for a heavy horizontal storage vessel having convex ends and walls which are thin in relation to its diameter comprises, at each end of the vessel, a short annular stiffener (8) coaxial with the end. It is of sufficient diameter to distribute and reduce stresses to a low value. A flexible semi-circular steel plate member (9) cradles the stiffener with limited clearance (11). A rigid annular plate member (10) is disposed in substantially the same vertical plane as the stiffener (8) and semi-circular plate member (9) to form a cradle for plate member (9) over part of its periphery. The radius of curvature of the annular plate member (10) is sufficiently greater than that of the semi-circular flexible plate member (9) to permit differential radial expansion. The rigid annular plate member is thus axially and laterally connected to the stiffener by appropriate structure.

Abstract: A vertical heat exchanger adapted to be located between a primary liquid alkali metal circuit and a secondary liquid alkali metal circuit in a fast neutron nuclear reactor is disclosed. The exchanger includes an outer sleeve surrounding an annular tubular bundle on an axial conduit for introduction of the secondary liquid alkali metal in the tubes through a chamber provided in the bottom of the exchanger. The bottom of the exchanger is surrounded by an envelope defining a space in which the primary liquid alkali metal circulates between an annular opening provided at the periphery of the tubular plate carrying the tubular bundle and at least one output opening in the bottom of the envelope.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device providing anti-seismic support for an apparatus immersed in the bath of liquid alkali metal surrounding a fast neutron nuclear reactor, and abutting by a flange on a slab traversed by the apparatus and resistant to the load that it constitutes, wherein the flange for supporting the apparatus is connected to a sleeve for elastically taking up the horizontal displacements of its top part, independently of an inner envelope of the apparatus and on which a framework for supporting the apparatus whose bottom part is connected to the inner envelope, is fixed at a level determined as a function of the most dangerous earth tremor frequencies.

Abstract: A stopper for an inspection hole to give an X-ray inspection probe access to the inside of a pipe or other apparatus wherein the stopper comprises a cylindrical outer component (6) having an open end and an inside screw thread (10), said outer component being welded to the wall (1) of said pipe or other apparatus and leaving an outside end protruding therefrom, and a cylindrical inner component (11) having a blind hole and an outside screw thread, said inner component being screwed into the inside screw thread of the outer component and having an outside end which is welded (12) around its periphery to the projecting outside end of the outer component, said blind hole being equipped with means (13) which allow the inner component to be unscrewed from the outer component after the weld (12) joining the outside ends of said components has been broken.

Abstract: An apparatus allowing the use of low-grade solid fuel powders (coal, lignite, peat) and products derived therefrom during cold starting periods and for backing up combustion chamber operation at low load. The pilot burner (1) has an auxiliary and pilot igniter which burns gas produced by gasifying low-grade fuel in a gasification unit (6) and a main igniter which burns the low-grade fuel powder in a storage silo (5). The combustion air is heated in an air heater (10) by the gas produced by gasifying low-grade fuel in gasification unit (6). In particular, turbulence is set up in the combustion air sent to the outlet of the pilot igniter. Application to combustion apparatus including steam generators of thermal power stations.

Abstract: The oil-shale is burned in a combustion chamber (24) having a chimney, and the method comprises:providing a drying gas by mixing hot gas taken from the combustion chamber via a duct (4) with relatively cool gas taken from the chimney via a duct (5), the proportions of said gasses being adjusted as a function quantity of water in said damp shale;crushing lumps of said shale in a crusher (6) and in the presence said drying gas;injecting the resulting grains of crushed shale together with the hot gas into an expansion chamber (8) in which the major portion of the grains falls out from the drying gas, while the lightest portion of grains is entrained by the gas;passing the drying gas together with said lightest portion of grains entrained thereby via a duct (9) through filter means (10) to separate said lightest portion of grains from the drying gas;riddling said major portion of the grains (at 17A, 17B) to provide a larger grain fraction and a smaller grain fraction;recycling said larger grain fraction via a duc