Abstract: A sterilization system for aquaculture comprises an inducing light source, a water pump, and at least one sterilization device. The inducing light source is disposed around a water inlet of the water pump. A water outlet of the water pump is in communication with an inlet of the sterilization device. An outlet of the sterilization device is in communication with a water body. By means of the biological phototaxis, microorganism enrichment in a culture system is implemented. Sterilization, is performed by using an ionization method, an ultraviolet method, or a high voltage electric field pulse method, so as to ensure the high efficiency of sterilization, and simultaneously reduce an impact on an aquaculture environment as much as possible, thereby ensuring the production and quality of aquatic products.