Abstract: The static laminar mixing device for mixing media of widely different viscosities has two mixers of different cross-sections arranged one after the other with the cross-section of the first mixer being smaller than the second mixer. An admixing device for metering additive of lower viscosity than the medium of the main flow is also provided. This admixing device has a plate which defines a converging orifice for passage of the main flow and additive therethrough into the first mixer while a nozzle is aligned with the orifice for adding the additive flow.

Abstract: The static laminar mixing device for mixing media of widely different viscosities has two mixers of different cross-sections arranged one after the other with the cross-section of the first mixer being smaller than the second mixer. An admixing device for metering additive of lower viscosity than the medium of the main flow is also provided. This admixing device has a plate which defines a converging orifice for passage of the main flow and additive therethrough into the first mixer while a nozzle is aligned with the orifice for adding the additive flow.

Abstract: The catalytic process obtains a methyl tertiary butyl ether by feeding methanol over a solid catalyst section in a rectifying column having vertical layers in which a catalyst material is enclosed. At least one of the enclosing walls is impermeable to the catalyst material while being permeable to the methanol. A reactant comprising a mixture of saturated and unsaturated 4 carbon-chain hydrocarbons is fed into the solid catalyst section with methanol to produce a methyl tertiary butyl ether.

Abstract: The catalytic process for producing maleic anhydride employs a catalytic device formed of pairs of vertically extending vapor permeable walls which define flow channels between the pairs of walls. In addition, each pair of walls defines an interspace which contains a catalyst. A mixture of air and n-butane is passed through the flow channels while a heat exchange medium, such as a molten salt, is passed in heat exchange relation to the catalytic device while effecting an exothermic catalytic reaction of the mixture within the catalytic device. The resulting gaseous maleic anhydride is produced as a product.

Abstract: The static mixing element in a flow channel (7) has at least two deflectors (30) disposed on mountings (20) at a distance from the channel wall. The deflectors form an angle W of from 10.degree. to 45.degree. to the main flow direction Z. They have different orientations and the projection FZ of the deflectors in the main flow direction amounts to from 5% to 50% of the channel cross-section F. Cross-flows providing very efficient transverse mixing are therefore produced in a simple manner. When dispensing tubes (20, 21) are used as mountings a very effective mixing device is provided.

Abstract: A solid-bed reactor for biological sewage treatment has an intermediate floor which carries floor jets and by means of which the solid bed can be backwashed. The intake for the sewage is above the solid bed. Aeration orifices are integrated into the floor jets, and gas bubbles can be introduced by the orifices in the upper portions of the floor jets without thereby giving rise to instability phenomena. To ensure stable uniform distribution of aeration throughout the reactor, the clear cross-section in the entire intake region of each floor jet must be such that above the aeration orifices the flow of outgoing water does not impede the ascent of the gas bubbles.

Abstract: The device for carrying out catalyzed reactions includes a plurality of layers, each of which provides an interspace which is filled with a catalyst material. The walls of each layer are impermeable to the catalyst material while being permeable to the reactants flowing in flow channels between the parallel layers. In one embodiment, separate guide elements may be used to space the layers apart and to define the flow channels. The catalyst material may be selected from solid particles, liquids and gases.

Abstract: A fabric table (11) of a device (1) for altering a warp pile loop length during terry weaving is brought by a lever system from the starting position (V) into the partial beat-up position (T) and back again into the starting position (v). The lever system comprises a lever (18) and a drive (17, 171) acting at least roughly at right angles on this lever (18). The alteration in the distance (X) between the starting or complete beat-up position (v) and the partial beat-up position (T) of the fabric table (11) is performed by the displacement of the driving point (P) of the drive (17, 171) on the lever (18) and thus of the length of the effective lever arm of the lever (18). The separation achieved changing the position of the fabric table (11) between the complete (v) and the partial (T) beat-up position and of the actual backward and forward movement of the fabric table (11) permits an alteration and adaption of the fabric table travel and thus of the loop length.

Abstract: The device for mixing a small quantity of fluid (1) into a the main flow of another fluid (2) in a main channel comprises an injection system (3) and a static mixing unit (4, 5) arranged downstream. The inlet cross section (F) of the mixing unit is divided into sub-areas (F1, F2, F3, F4). The injection system consists of main metering pipes with a plurality of directed metering openings (21). The flow quantities through the metering openings are proportional to the component flows through the corresponding associated sub-areas (F1, F2, F3, F4). This results in uniform thorough mixing over a short distance and with a small pressure drop. The mixing device is particularly suitable for Denox plant.

Abstract: The catalytic reactor has a catalyst member in the form of a stage of different orientations from one another and with flow-guiding elements which form crossing subflow ducts and which have a catalyst thereon. The flow-guiding elements are at an angle of inclination W of at least 10.degree. to the main flow direction and form partly open flow-crossing places between the subflows. The height H of a stage corresponds to a displacement factor H/HO of at least 1/2 where HO=Dctg W and D equals the diameter (or width) of the catalyst member. Satisfactory homogenization of the catalytic reaction and satisfactory heat removal via the heat-conductive rector wall are therefor achieved. The selectivity of the chemical reaction is improved and slip substantially obviated.

Abstract: A process is provided for the separation of substances by melt crystallization. The organic mixtures which are difficult to crystallize are heated to a temperature sufficient to obtain a melt with the melt then being moved through a three-dimensional crystallization matrix having a large specific area. The melt is slowly cooled over a temperature range so as to achieve a selective crystallization from the supersaturated melt in the carrier matrix. A deposited crystal phase is thereafter melted and separated from the carrier matrix and removed by centrifugation. The carrier matrix may have a crystallization-promoting microstructure surface and may consist of an openpored foam.

Abstract: A screw-nut for screwing implants together includes a thrust-shoulder which projects radially and presses axially against part of a housing. The screw-nut further includes an internal threaded portion adapted to fit a corresponding screw part, and a plurality of members, each mounted onto the side of the thrust-shoulder facing away from the part of the housing against which the thrust shoulder presses. These members are adapted to receive a tool for tightening the screw-nut. A plurality of leaf springs is included for engaging the housing part. The leaf springs, the ends of which form latching-in dogs, project, in the axial direction, from the screw-nut. The leaf springs are constructed such that, when the thrust-shoulder makes contact with the housing part, each latching-in dog snaps into a recess in the housing part in order to prevent loosening of the screw-nut from the housing part.

Abstract: An intervertebral disk prosthesis is described which with respect to its external dimensions imitates a natural intervertebral disk and connects two adjacent vertebrae to their upper and lower attachment surfaces. The intervertebral disk member is made of one piece from a strong, elastically deformable material and comprises parallel slits at a right angle to the connecting axis which partially overlap. In overlapping regions adjacent slits form parts of leaf springs for the transmission of forces from one attachment surface of the prosthesis to the other attachment surface.

Abstract: Machines having torques variable as a function of the angle of rotation such as piston driving mechanisms like compressors, cam driving mechanisms, printing machines and looms, are driven by an electric motor in such a way that a trend in angular velocity which is dependent upon the angle of rotation, in particular also a constant angular velocity of the main driving shaft (2) of the driven machine, may be predetermined. To do this the angle of rotation (3) as well as the torque (4) are picked up off the main shaft (2) and fed to an adaptive control system (S) which, starting from the desired values (s0) of the angular velocity as a function of the angle of rotation, applies a corresponding correcting variable (Y) to the electric motor (1) and iteratively adapts it periodically in order to bring the trend in angular velocity of the main shaft (2) into agreement with the desired value (s0).

Abstract: A weaving machine, more particularly a projectile weaving machine (100), has weft break clearing devices (1, 2) at the shed entrance and exit. These devices form units with grippers and, for example, a suction device for removing a broken weft (110) and are mounted for pivoting or displacing them with an actuator or manually out of range of the warps. The mobility of the devices (1, 2) allows the weaver unrestricted access, for example, when clearing a warp break in the selvedge area.

Abstract: An equipment for transporting, handling and feeding stock bobbins to a loom having a preparation station (5) for the charging of bobbin holders (12) with stock bobbins (4) and a transport loop (7) for transporting these bobbin holders (12) towards looms. The looms are arranged in groups and for returning bobbin holders (12') containing empty bobbin tubes towards the preparation station (5), as well as at least one storage section (7c) branching off the transport loop (7) for receiving a number of the bobbin holders (12, 12') which corresponds with the need of bobbins at the time by at least one of the groups of looms (1a, 1b, . . . 1n). For the exchange of the bobbin holders (12' or 12 respectively) on the looms a loading mechanism (18) is provided which is mounted on a secondary transport mechanism (10) which may be moved independently of the transport loop (7) towards a number of groups of looms (1a, 1b, . . .

Abstract: A process for the production of castings by directional or monocrystalline solidification is carried out in a vacuum casting plant which, apart from a conventional cooling plate, has no additional heating devices for the casting mold. The unidirectional heat flow required to guide the solidification front is produced on the one hand, by heat sources formed partially from superheated melt and, on the other hand, by heat sinks consisting of the cooling plate and the surroundings of the mold. The mold is heated in a separate heating-up oven to a temperature above the liquidus temperature of the melt in order that the casting mold may contribute to the heat source in addition to the melt so doing.

Abstract: The module for a fuel cell battery comprises an electrochemically active plate which, on the one hand, consists of an oxide-ion-conducting solid electrolyte and, on the other hand, two electrode layers applied to both sides of the electrolyte layer. At least one of the electrode layers is electrically conductively and nondetachably connected to a supporting and electron conduction structure via a plurality of regularly disposed contact elements.

Abstract: A rapier loom has rapier heads which are moved by picking tapes into an open shed. Spacing elements are provided for the rapiers to ensure that when the shed is fully opened, a space is present between the tape and the bottom shed to reduce frictional contact between the warp yarns and the picking tape edges when the shed closes. The spacing elements can be in the form of slidable members which are disposed on the underside of the rapier head and/or in the form on spacing teeth which are secured to the sley and which can enter the shed between the warp yarns of a bottom shed.

Abstract: The static mixing element in a flow channel (7) has at least two deflectors (30) disposed on mountings (20) at a distance from the channel wall. The deflectors form an angle W of from 10.degree. to 45.degree. to the main flow direction Z. They have different orientations and the projection FZ of the deflectors in the main flow direction amounts to from 5% to 50% of the channel cross-section F. Cross-flows providing very efficient transverse mixing are therefore produced in a simple manner. When dispensing tubes (20, 21) are used as mountings a very effective mixing device is provided.