Abstract: Estimation and imaging of linear and nonlinear propagation and scattering parameters in a material object where the material parameters for wave propagation and scattering has a nonlinear dependence on the wave field amplitude. The methods transmit at least two pulse complexes composed of co-propagating high frequency (HF) and low frequency (LF) pulses along at least one LF and HF transmit beam axis, where said HF pulse propagates close to the crest or trough of the LF pulse along at least one HF transmit beam, and where one of the amplitude and polarity of the LF pulse varies between at least two transmitted pulse complexes. At least one HF receive beam crosses the HF transmit beam at an angle, to provide at least two HF cross-beam receive signals from at least two transmitted pulse complexes with different LF pulses.

Abstract: Methods and instrumentation for pulse scattering estimation and imaging of scattering parameters in a material object by transmitting a pulse along a transmit beam and directing a receive beam that crosses at least one transmit beam at an angle <45 deg. The receive beam is at least in an azimuth direction at the transmit beam, and records scattered receive signal from the overlap region. A receive interval of the receive signal is gated for further processing to form measurement and/or image signals from cross-beam observation cells.

Abstract: Estimation of vibration amplitude of intra-capillary micro-bubbles driven to vibrate with an incident ultrasound wave with amplitude and frequency to adjust the drive amplitude of the incident wave to obtain specified vibration amplitude of extra-capillary tissue. Estimation uses transmission of M groups of pulse complexes having low frequency pulse (LF) at bubble drive frequency, and high frequency (HF) pulse with angular frequency ?H>˜5?L, and pulse duration shorter than ?/4?L along HF beam. The phase between HF and LF pulses is ?Ltm for each group, where tm varies between the groups. Within each group, LF pulse varies between pulse complexes in amplitude and/or, where the LF pulse can be zero for a pulse complex, and LF pulse is different from zero for pulse complex within each group. HF receive signals are processed to obtain a parameter relating to bubble vibration amplitude when the HF pulse hits bubble.

Abstract: A manufacturing method contemplates performing vacuum-assisted resin infusion to enclose an elongated core within a cured composite laminate without employing a mold. Not relying upon an external mold enables the process to be efficiently performed for core shapes that are manufactured in low volumes. Typical resin infusion processes utilize flow media that induces bag bridging during vacuum draw in order to provide gaps facilitating resin flow. However, popular flow media also tends to impart directional aggregate forces during vacuum draw, which forces can deform the core since no mold is being used. To avoid unequal and non-dispersed directional forces from deforming the elongated core, a flow media is employed that is configured to disperse and/or reduce such forces. Some such flow media may be knitted so as to allow overlapping strands to slide over one another.

Abstract: Estimation and imaging of linear and nonlinear propagation and scattering parameters in a material object where the material parameters for wave propagation and scattering has a nonlinear dependence on the wave field amplitude. The methods comprise transmitting at least two pulse complexes composed of co-propagating high frequency (HF) and low frequency (LF) pulses along at least one LF and HF transmit beam axis, where said HF pulse propagates close to the crest or trough of the LF pulse along at least one HF transmit beam, and where one of the amplitude and polarity of the LF pulse varies between at least two transmitted pulse complexes. At least one HF receive beam crosses the HF transmit beam at an angle >20 deg to provide at least two HF cross-beam receive signals from at least two transmitted pulse complexes with different LF pulses.

Abstract: Methods and instrumentation for estimation of nonlinear bulk elasticity parameters (NEP) of a material through measuring nonlinear propagation delays (NPDs) at a set of multiple range cells along at least one transmit beam axis, and adapting said NEPs to minimize a functional of the NEPs. The method calculates a distance between a model of the NPDs with the NEPs as input and the measured NPDs, and estimated NEPs are obtained at the minimum of the functional. The NPDs are measured by transmitting at least two pulse complexes comprising a low frequency (LF) and a high frequency (HF) pulse with differences in the LF pulse, along at least one common LF and HF transmit beam axes, and gating out HF receive signals from a multitude of depth ranges along said at least one HF transmit beam axis, and comparing the HF receive signals from two pulse complexes with difference in the LF pulse for each depth range.

Abstract: 1st and 2nd pulsed waves (103, 104) with 1st and 2nd center frequencies are transmitted along 1st and 2nd transmit beams so that the 1st and 2nd pulsed waves overlap at least in an overlap region (Z) to produce nonlinear interaction scattering sources in said region. The scattered signal components from at least the nonlinear interaction scattering sources are picked up by a receiver (102) and processed to suppress other components than said nonlinear interaction scattered signal components, to provide nonlinear interaction measurement or image signals. At least a receive beam is scanned in an azimuth or combined azimuth and elevation direction to produce 2D or 3D images of said nonlinear interaction scattering sources.

Abstract: An acoustic matching layer where the thickness is defined by a single layer of defined mono-disperse particles. The layer comprises a polymer base in which mono-disperse particles are embedded. The mono-disperse particles can be coated with a solid material that participates in the definition of the acoustic impedance of the layer. The polymer base can include smaller solid particles that participates in the definition of the acoustic impedance of the layer. The invention also provides a method of manufacturing.

Abstract: A structure of an acoustic transducer array probe for transmission of acoustic waves from a front radiation surface into an acoustic load material, where said acoustic waves can have frequencies in a high frequency (HF) band and further lower frequency (LF1, . . . , LFn, . . . , LFN) bands with N?1, arranged in order of decreasing center frequency. The acoustic waves are transmitted from separate high and lower frequency arrays stacked together with matching layers in a thickness dimension into a layered structure, with at least a common radiation surface for said high and lower frequency bands. At least for said common radiation surface at least one lower frequency LFn electro-acoustic structure (n=1, . . . , N) comprises a piezoelectric array with an acoustic isolation section to its front face.

Abstract: The invention presents methods and instrumentation for measurement or imaging of a region of an object with waves of a general nature, for example electromagnetic (EM) and elastic (EL) waves, where the material parameters for wave propagation and scattering in the object depend on the wave field strength. The invention specially addresses suppression of 3rd order multiple scattering noise, referred to as pulse reverberation noise, and also suppression of linear scattering components to enhanced signal components from nonlinear scattering. The pulse reverberation noise is divided into three classes where the invention specially addresses Class I and Class II 3rd order multiple scattering that are generated from the same three scatterers, but in opposite sequence.

Abstract: A water propulsion electric powered water recreation surf board with an integrated water propulsion jet to provide additional thrust for maneuvers and different selectable thrust levels as needed during the maneuver. The water propulsion electric powered water recreation surf board includes a body having an upper surface and bottom surface and a water propulsion system integrated into the body including a water inlet on the bottom surface, and a water propulsion nozzle and propeller on the upper surface. An electric motor connects to rotate propeller for drawing water into the propulsion system and expels a pressurized column of water through the water propulsion nozzle. A removable rechargeable battery is connected with the electric motor and a controller with a user control pad on the top surface of the body to allow the user to control the operation of the water propulsion system.

Abstract: An ultrasound transducer array with at least one composite material layer. The layer having a polymer base in which polymer particles are embedded. The polymer particles are coated with a material that has a thermal conductivity that is higher than the thermal conductivity of the polymer base and the polymer particles.

Abstract: Measurement or imaging of elastic wave nonlinear scatterers with a memory of scattering parameters comprises selecting LF pulses having characteristics to change the scattering parameters of nonlinear scatterers. A transmit time relation is selected so that the incident HF pulse propagates sufficiently close to the LF pulse that the effect of the incident LF pulse on its scatterer parameters is observed by the HF pulse. At least two elastic wave pulse complexes comprising a high frequency (HF) pulse and a selected low frequency (LF) pulse are transmitted towards the region. Received HF signals are combined to form nonlinear HF signals representing the scatterers with memory, with suppression of received HF signals from other scatterers. At least one of the received HF signals may be corrected by time delay correction and/or speckle correction with a speckle correction filter, determined by movement of the scattering object. Systems are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention presents methods and instrumentation for measurement or imaging of a region of an object with waves of a general nature, for example electromagnetic (EM) and elastic (EL) waves, where the material parameters for wave propagation and scattering in the object depend on the wave field strength. The invention specially addresses suppression of 3rd order multiple scattering noise, referred to as pulse reverberation noise, and also suppression of linear scattering components to enhanced signal components from nonlinear scattering. The pulse reverberation noise is divided into three classes where the invention specially addresses Class I and Class II 3rd order multiple scattering that are generated from the same three scatterers, but in opposite sequence.

Abstract: 1st and 2nd pulsed waves are transmitted along 1st and 2nd transmit beams where at least one of the beams is broad in at least one direction, and the transmit timing between said 1st and 2nd pulsed waves are selected so that the pulsed wave fronts overlap in an overlap region R(r,t) that propagates along at least one measurement or image curve ?(r) in the material object. At least the scattered signal produced by nonlinear interaction between said 1st and 2nd waves in the overlap region is received and processed to form a nonlinear interaction scattering image signal along ?(r). The measurement or image curve ?(r) can be scanned laterally by either changing of the relative transmit timing between the 1st and 2nd pulsed waves or the direction of at least one of the 1st and 2nd transmit beams, or both. The methods are applicable to image nonlinear scattering sources for both electromagnetic and elastic waves, and combinations of these.

Abstract: A method and instrumentation for ultrasound mediated delivery of drugs to diseased tissue use ultrasound beams with frequency and focusing that provides an ultrasound radiation force acting on the drug and surrounding fluid, which produces a convection of drugs and compensates for the lack of a pressure gradient. To manipulate drug encapsulations and also stimulate transport of drugs across biological membranes, like the cell membrane or the blood brain barrier, the method and instrumentation use low frequency beams with high mechanical index. The method and instrumentation additionally uses ultrasound heating of the tissue to increase blood flow and manipulate thermally sensitive particles.

Abstract: The invention presents methods and instrumentation for measurement or imaging of a region of an object with waves of a general nature, for example electromagnetic (EM) and elastic (EL) waves, where the material parameters for wave propagation and scattering in the object depend on the wave field strength. The invention specially addresses suppression of 3rd order multiple scattering noise, referred to as pulse reverberation noise, and also suppression of linear scattering components to enhanced signal components from nonlinear scattering. The pulse reverberation noise is divided into three classes where the invention specially addresses Class I and Class II 3rd order multiple scattering that are generated from the same three scatterers, but in opposite sequence.

Abstract: Methods and instrumentation for detecting and representing at least one geologic formation in front of an operating drill-bit using the vibration noise generated by the operating drill-bit as a source, comprising at least one receive array comprising more than one receive vibration sensor elements, said at least one receive array are located in one or both of i) at least one receive well, and ii) submerged in water for sub-sea operation, and beam forming at least one receive signal from the signals from said more than one receive elements of said at least one receive array, and forming at least one reference signal representing the vibrations of the operating drill-bit, and correlating said at least one receive signal with said at least one reference signal with different correlation lags, and forming a seismic representation of the at least one geologic formation in front of the drill-bit through said correlating.

Abstract: An acoustic probe transmits/receives acoustic pulses with frequencies both in a high frequency (HF), and a selectable amount of lower frequency (LF1, LF2, . . . , LFn, . . . ) bands. The radiation surfaces of at least two of the multiple frequency bands have a common region. The arrays and elements can be of a general type such as annular arrays, phased or switched arrays, linear arrays with division in both azimuth and elevation direction, like a 1.5D, a 1.75D and a full 2D array, or curved arrays. The element division, array type, and array aperture sizes for the different bands can also be different.

Abstract: 1st and 2nd pulsed waves are transmitted along 1st and 2nd transmit beams where at least one of the beams is broad in at least one direction, and the transmit timing between said 1st and 2nd pulsed waves are selected so that the pulsed wave fronts overlap in an overlap region R(r,t) that propagates along at least one measurement or image curve ?(r) in the material object. At least the scattered signal produced by nonlinear interaction between said 1st and 2nd waves in the overlap region is received and processed to form a nonlinear interaction scattering image signal along ?(r). The measurement or image curve ?(r) can be scanned laterally by either changing of the relative transmit timing between the 1st and 2nd pulsed waves or the direction of at least one of the 1st and 2nd transmit beams, or both. The methods are applicable to image nonlinear scattering sources for both electromagnetic and elastic waves, and combinations of these.