Abstract: Foil includes a first etch-resistant layer which at least partially covers the neighboring layer and has a weight per unit area of 0.5-20 g/m.sup.2, a first aluminum or aluminum alloy layer having a thickness of about 30 .mu.m to 150 .mu.m, a dielectric layer of plastic having a thickness of about 5 to 100 .mu.m, a second aluminum or aluminum alloy layer having a thickness of about 30 .mu.m to 150 .mu.m, and a second etch-resistant layer which at least partially covers the neighboring layer and has a weight per unit area of 0.5 to 20 g/m.sup.2.

Abstract: To adapt the frequency band of oscillating circuits with frequencies greater than the set frequency, made from a metal-plastic-metal sandwich foil useful as an identification label and manufactured from rolls (1) of sandwich foil connected to each other by at least one plastic film, the oscillating circuits are conveyed almost continuously through two frequency-measuring cells (5,6) between which is located a reduction unit (7). After comparison of the set value and actual value, the frequency band of an oscillating circuit is adapted by reduction of the capacitor part of the oscillating circuit by means of the reduction unit (7), which is controlled by the correction unit (8).

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a freight container for air transportation purposes having a bottom panel and arranged thereon a support frame that features sections projecting from the bottom panel and transverse sections connecting the projecting sections, and also features planking that at least partly fills-in the frame and is fitted to flanges on the sections, the sections being interconnected at nodal points in the supporting frame, at least in part, by gusset-plates, in which, the gusset-plates are flat and are secured to flanges on the sections, the flanges being in-line with a section wall, extending it outwards beyond a hollow part of the section.

Abstract: Container for one-time use for mixing and ejecting two components contained therewithin features a membrane that is situated inside the container and divides it into two chambers in which the components separately reside. The container is in the form of a pressurized package with outlet valve in which the membrane inside the container is sealed tightly to the same and is designed such that the introduction of a pressure difference in the chambers creates a force that opens the membrane.

Abstract: The invention relates to the printing industry, and is based on the comparison of a reproduction under inspection with a reference polychrome graphic representation. Respective reference axes (A.sub.1, A.sub.2) are defined for the reference representation and the reproduction under inspection. These axes are normal to and go through an equivalent point of the representation and reproduction, respectively. The two latter are rotated around their reference axes, producing whirling images (D.sub.1, D.sub.2) formed of concentric color rings (a.sub.1, a.sub.2, . . . a.sub.n and a'.sub.1, a'.sub.2, . . . a'.sub.n) each having a set width and shade, and forming a basis for detecting a possible color drift.

Abstract: In twin-chamber compressed gas packs, the collar of a diaphragm which invaginates during motion in the container is secured with its opening region in a fold or in the upper part of the container, in order to provide the required sealing between product chamber and working fluid chamber. The disadvantage of packs of this type is that the use of multipart containers is mandatory and/or that a support ring incorporated in the diaphragm produces a frictional force which may be large enough to prevent ejection of the feed material because of an insufficient pressure differential between the chambers. These drawbacks are overcome by securing the entire region of the collar to the internal wall of the casing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to ceramic foam filters having a gasket material chemically and mechanically bonded thereto. The filters have particular utility in the filtration of molten metal, especially aluminum. The filters are formed by immersing the porous filter body, preferably in a fired condition, in a gasketing medium consisting of a concentration of ceramic fibers, one or more binders, and the balance a vehicle such as water and applying a vacuum through the porous filter to draw the gasketing medium into contact with the portions of the filter body to be gasketed.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy that is suitable as material for cathode foils in electrolytic capacitors comprises0.9 to 1.7% iron0.1 to 0.8% manganesemax. 0.15% siliconmax. 0.3% copper,the remainder being aluminum with further trace elements, individually <0.05%, in total <0.15%, and the total iron and manganese content amounting to at most 1.9%.

Abstract: A butt joint employing a connecting element (3). The connecting element (3) is situated in a space formed by grooves (14,24) running along the abutting ends (40,42) of the panels (1,2) and/or sections (1a,2a). There are two expansion sections (31,32) with at least one interposed spring element (33), said sections (31,32) being displaceable in the direction of the surfaces (122,132,222,232) of the outer components of the panels (1,2) or sections (1a,2a) to which the expansion sections (31,32) can be adhesively bonded. These sections (31,32) have means for releaseable interlocking via tensed spring element/elements (33), and are such that the tensed, interlocked expansion sections (31,32) can be introduced with room for play in the grooves (14,24). The surfaces of the butt joints appear to have no interuption. The application lies in vehicle manufacture, architecture and civil engineering.

Abstract: In a process for electromagnetic casting of round and hollow ingots, in particular such of aluminum and aluminum alloys, the ingot (7) is rotated about its longitudinal axis (x) during casting. This is achieved by way of a rotatable dummy base (6). With that the metal feed and cooling of the ingot is made symmetrical and, as a result, a more uniform shape is obtained and a more uniform cell structure across the ingot cross-section. In order to promote a stronger stirring effect, a stationary stirrer (8) dipping into the molten part of the ingot (7) can be provided attached to the metal inlet system (3).

Abstract: An extruded superconductor (1) comprises a conductor core composed of thin metal filaments, for example of niobium-titanium or niobium-tin, and a high-purity aluminium sheath (2) which acts as a stabilizer. A marked reduction in the electrical conductivity perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the conductor is achieved by means of structures (3) in the form of cross-sectionally distributed layers, ribbon-like strips or closely aligned longitudinal single filaments or fibres or bundles of fibres made of a material of low conductivity embedded coaxially in the aluminium sheath. The layers of low conductivity material embedded coaxially in the aluminium sheath may be closed concentric circular sheaths surrounding the conductor core, at a distance from the core and from one another or ribbon-like strips made of the low conductivity material arranged in a star-shaped configuration about the conductor core.

Abstract: Prior to coating with lacquer or adhesive, or laminating with plastic, strips or foils of aluminum or aluminum alloys are pretreated in an electrolyte by electrochemical oxidation using alternating current. These strips or foils are passed through an aqueous electrolyte which is heated to 25.degree.-95.degree. C. and has a pH adjusted to 4.2-12.5. The electrolyte is silicate-free and contains 0.01-10 weight percent of an organic compound which forms a complex with aluminum. A current of 10-500 coulomb/dm.sup.2 is supplied to the workface of the strips or foils.

Abstract: A vehicle superstructure, in particular for railway carriages to transport passengers, features a structural frame formed by side and end walls and roof. This forms an outer structural plane for the carriage superstructure which is covered by an outer skin and roof cover; insulating material is fitted between the structural plane and the outer skin and roof cover. The outer skin panels are on the one hand loosely mounted via spacers hooked into grooves in sections permanently attached to the carriage frame or outer structural plane, on the other hand releasably attached via other spacers to the structural plane or held by holders secured to sections of the carriage frame with interleaving insulation.

Abstract: An improved ceramic foam filter for use in filtering molten metal prepared from a ceramic slurry containing silicon carbide and a colloidal silica binder. The filter has a solids content of at least 50% silicon carbide and at least 3% of silica.

Abstract: The protective device against an overheating, in particular by fire, of individual or batteries of pressure vessels (10) of a length (1) of at least 1.5 m serves for the storage and/or transportation of high- pressure gases. The pressure vessels (10) have at least one end cap (14) with a valve (18) or an end plug (20) with a melting plug (22) of an alloy melting at a low temperature. On at least one end cap (14) a pressure pipe (24), communicating constantly with the interior of a pressure vessel (10) branches off, which pressure pipe is led in axial direction (A) along at least a part of the pressure vessel (10). At intervals (a), essentially T-shaped fittings (26) are installed in the pressure pipe (24), which fittings have in their branching-off leg a melting plug (22) of an alloy melting at a low temperature. A blindly ending pressure pipe (24) is closed off by such a melting plug (22).

Abstract: In certain operating conditions of diesel engines, diesel soot filters which are made of known ceramic foam and filter efficiently per se have zero or only a very low degree of particle filtration, in particular at hight exhaust temperatures and exhaust velocities, that is, above all when the diesel engines are running under full load. Ceramic foam filters for cleaning exhaust gases of diesel engines in which the surface is roughened and wherein the peak-to-peak interval is approximately 1 to 100 .mu.m, preferably 1 to 10 .mu.m, do not have this disadvantage. A ceramic foam of this kind is manufactured by roughening the surface by deposition of inorganic materials and, if required, subsequent decomposition by temperature treatment.

Abstract: In twin-chamber compressed gas packs, the collar of a diaphragm which invaginates during motion in the container is secured with its opening region in a fold or in the upper part of the container, in order to provide the required sealing between product chamber and working fluid chamber. The disadvantage of packs of this type is that the use of multi-part containers is mandatory and/or that a support ring incorporated in the diaphragm produces a frictional force which may be large enough to prevent ejection of the feed material because of an insufficient pressure differential between the chambers. These drawbacks are overcome by securing the entire region of the collar to the internal wall of the casing.

Abstract: In a filter consisting of holoow cylindrical open-pore ceramic foam cylinder elements and an end plate made of gas-impermeable material, as an insert in a filter cup for cleaning exhaust gases of diesel engines, in which the exhaust gases flow through the active filter section essentially perpendicularly to the cylinder axis, bending moments which lead to breakage of the ceramic foam cylinder elements occur during fitting of the elements due to lack of surface evenness and plane-parallelism of the end faces. A filter of the aforementioned kind, in which the end faces of the ceramic foam cylinder elements are provided with temperature-resistant and thermal shock-resistant layers of material which are plastic at room temperature, avoids the bending moments.

Abstract: A capacitor foil made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy whose edge has been treated using a LASER beam exhibits practically no burrs or cracks, as a result of which an increase in the nominal field strength of capacitors made with such a foil becomes possible. A further increase in the nominal field strength is achieved by creating at least one edge with a LASER beam which is enclosed in a reactive gas or gas mixture having a concentration of oxygen greater than the concentration of oxygen in air.

Abstract: In a filter consisting of hollow cylindrical open-pore ceramic foam and an end plate made of gas-impermeable material, as an insert in a filter cup for cleaning exhaust gases of diesel engines, in which the exhaust gases flow through the active filter section essentially perpendicularly to the cylinder axis, a larger ceramic foam portion such as is used e.g. as an exhaust filter for a diesel engine for a truck or passenger service bus can be made from one piece only with increased requirements, because the necessary dimensional accuracy necessitates increased requirements, and hence the economy of using the ceramic foam is greatly impaired. Also, the back pressure increases considerably.