Abstract: There is described a process for preparing a biodegradable polyester from an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and a diol where in a first reaction step the aromatic acid is esterified with the diol, and in a second reaction step the aliphatic acid is added to the reaction mixture. Furthermore, there is described an apparatus for carrying out this process.

Abstract: A method for producing a stream of propylene and associated facility are described. The method includes: an introduction of a feed cut rich in C4 and/or C5 hydrocarbons, and at least one cut rich in ethylene into a metathesis reactor; an introduction of a metathesis product in a deethylenizer; a production of an overhead stream rich in ethylene and a feed stream; an introduction of the feed stream into a depropylenizer and recovery of a bottom stream containing C4+ hydrocarbons; a recovery, from an overhead stream of the depropylenizer, of the propylene stream; a lateral withdrawal of a recycle stream and return of the recycle stream to the metathesis reactor; a lateral draw-off, in the depropylenizer, of a purge rich in C4 paraffinic hydrocarbons and/or rich in isobutene.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system and method of side-stepping the need to retrain neural network model after initially trained using a simulator by comparing real-world data to data predicted by the simulator for the same inputs, and developing a mapping correlation that adjusts real world data toward the simulation data. Thus, the decision logic developed in the simulation-trained model is preserved and continues to operate in an altered reality. A threshold metric of similarity can be initially provided into the mapping algorithm, which automatically adjusts real world data to adjusted data corresponding to the simulation data for operating the neural network model when the metric of similarity between the real world data and the simulation data exceeds the threshold metric. Updated learning can continue as desired, working in the background as conditions are monitored.

Abstract: A cracking furnace for cracking a hydrocarbon feed, the furnace including a firebox having a single radiant zone including, a first plurality of cracking coils each having a first shape arranged within the firebox. The radiant zone includes a second plurality of cracking coils each having a second shape arranged within the radiant zone. A burner section positioned below the first plurality cracking coils and below the second plurality of cracking coils. A convection section is positioned on top of the firebox configured to recover residual heat from the firebox.

Abstract: A fluid distribution device includes a riser having a first end and a second end. A cap operatively connected to the second end of the riser. The cap includes an inner surface and an outer surface with a plurality of holes defined between the inner and outer surface. The device includes at least one distribution arm extending radially outward from the cap. The at least one distribution arm has an interior surface and an exterior surface. The at least one distribution arm includes a plurality of holes between the interior surface and the exterior surface. A processing assembly includes a vessel defining an interior space and the fluid distribution device including a riser mounted in the interior space of the vessel having a first end mounted to the vessel and a second end opposite from the first end.

Abstract: A process for reducing the amount of hydroxyl-end-groups of a polyester, wherein the polyester is prepared from at least one dicarboxylic acid and at least one dihydroxy alcohol, and at least one additive selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid anhydride and mono-isocyanate, and wherein the additive is added during a step of prepolycondensation and/or during a step of polycondensation and/or after a step of polycondensation.

Abstract: A downflow reactor, e.g. a downer reactor or system, includes an outer wall defining an interior reactor space. An elongated plug is within the outer wall having a first end and a second end, defining a longitudinal axis between the first and second ends. A distribution baffle positioned at a vertical position between the first end and the second end of the elongated plug configured and adapted to direct hot down flowing catalyst towards a feedstock spray.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a system and method for monitoring a floating vessel hull mooring system by determining one or more hull rotational motions of yaw, roll, and/or pitch that do not require independent knowledge of environmental conditions. The hull rotational motion of a secure and intact mooring system can be calculated and/or established experientially over time by measuring movement of the hull to characterize the hull rotational motion at given geographical positions. A compromised mooring system will result in different hull rotational motion of at least one of yaw, roll, and/or pitch. By monitoring the hull rotational motion for a given geographical position to be compared to the theoretical values (and/or previous recorded values), it is then possible to assess that at least a portion of the mooring system has been compromised and in at some embodiment indicate which portion of the mooring system has been compromised.

Abstract: A cracking furnace includes a pyrolysis tube 1 for carrying a flow of fluid, the pyrolysis tube including a radially inner body 3 and a radially outer wall 2 which together define an annular flow passage 5, wherein at least one of the radially inner body and the radially outer wall has a centre line which extends helically in a longitudinal direction of the pyrolysis tube, so as to promote rotation of the fluid as it flows along the pyrolysis tube.

Abstract: A tube heat exchanger extending in a vertical direction, comprising: a first chamber including a lower portion provided with at least one intake inlet for a diphasic fluid including a liquid and a first vapor containing a mist; an upper portion; and a first recovery member passed through by the first vapor and recovering the mist in liquid form, the first vapor next arriving in the upper portion, a central chamber forming liquid films running over the tubes and vaporizing at least partially to produce a second vapor, the tubes being traveled inwardly by a fluid hotter than the diphasic fluid, and a second chamber receiving the first vapor and the second vapor to form a third vapor, and including an outlet for the non-vaporized liquid and an outlet for the third vapor, the first chamber and the second chamber together forming a volume surrounding the central chamber around the vertical direction.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method for heating a process gas in a top or bottom fired reformer, a method for improving the temperature spread over a top or bottom fired reformer, and to a top or bottom fired reformer wherein these methods can applied. This can be achieved by the lane flow rate of at least one outer tube lane being different from the lane flow rate of at least one inner tube lane.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a flue gas exhaust system for an industrial furnace, especially a steam reforming furnace. The flue gas exhaust system comprises a stack having an inlet opening for introducing flue gas into the stack and an outlet opening for exhausting flue gas. The inlet opening of the stack is in fluid connection to an outlet of a heat recovery system of the industrial furnace. Further, the fluid connection between said heat recovery system outlet and said stack inlet opening comprises a transition flue gas duct that at least partly embraces a part of the stack.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a flexible pipe comprising a mechanical reinforcement element (4) and a pressure sheath. Mechanical reinforcement element (4) comprises at least one metallic tensile armour layer (6) and at least one composite tensile armour layer (7). Composite tensile armour layer (7) is arranged outside metallic tensile armour layer (6). Separation means (8) are provided to separate composite tensile armours (7), while maintaining a radial clearance and a circumferential clearance for composite tensile armours (7).

Abstract: Heat exchanger for quenching reaction gas comprising—a coolable double-wall tube including an inner tubular wall and an outer tubular wall, wherein said inner tubular wall is configured to convey said reaction gas to be quenched, and wherein a space defined by said inner tubular wall and said outer tubular wall is configured to convey a coolant; —a tubular connection member having a bifurcating longitudinal cross-section comprising an exterior wall section and an interior wall section defining an intermediate space filled with refractory filler material, wherein a converging end of said connection member is arranged to be in connection with an uncoolable reaction gas conveying pipe, wherein said exterior wall section is connected with said outer tubular wall of said coolable double-wall tube, wherein an axial gap is left between said interior wall section and said inner tubular wall of said coolable double-wall tube.

Abstract: The process comprises the following steps: mixing a gaseous stream of flash gas and a gaseous stream of boil-off gas to form a mixed gaseous flow; compressing the mixed gaseous flow in at least one compression apparatus to form a flow of compressed combustible gas; withdrawing a bypass flow in the flow of compressed combustible gas; compressing the bypass flow in at least one downstream compressor; cooling and expanding the compressed bypass flow; reheating at least a first stream derived from the expanded bypass flow in at least one downstream heat exchanger, reintroducing the first reheated stream in the mixed gaseous flow upstream from the compression apparatus.

Abstract: A method and system for increasing olefin production and quality from a hydrocarbon feed comprising a fully integrated multi-stage catalyst regeneration zones with multi-stage reaction zones in series and/or parallel. The multi-stage regeneration with at least one partial and one full burn zone provides an independent control to achieve the lowest possible regenerated catalyst temperature, resulting in highest possible catalyst to oil ratio required to maximize olefins yields through increased catalytic cracking in a multi stage FCC riser/risers.

Abstract: A device for the intimate mixing of solid particles and a gaseous medium within a gas-solid fluidized bed, comprising a plurality corrugated and/or ribbed planar stanchions arranged in alternating intersecting planes that provide a plurality of open spaces between or adjacent the alternating intersecting planar stanchions. The element has a three-dimensional lattice configuration and the corrugated and/or ribbed planar stanchions are formed from metal having peaks and valleys or ribs, such that the peaks and valleys or ribs are angled at less than 90 degrees from the fall-line of the planar stanchion when assembled into the element. The angled peaks and valleys or ribs form channels that enhance lateral movement of catalyst particles into the spaces between the stanchions to provide improved vapor/solids mixing and contact.

Abstract: A burner apparatus (10) includes a fluid-based flame stabilizer for discharging a stabilized flame therefrom, a burner tile (44), and fuel lances associated with the burner tile. Each of the fuel lances has a discharge nozzle (40). A Coanda feature (34) having a Coanda surface directs a portion of the stabilized flame from the passage defined by the burner tile at the discharge end of a primary flow passage (32) toward at least one first fuel lance of the plurality of fuel lances to cross light the at least one first fuel lance. In another embodiment, a method of combustion includes supplying a first gaseous fuel to fuel lances of a burner apparatus and igniting and sustaining combustion of a gaseous fuel by cross lighting at the discharge nozzles of the fuel lances by flow from the fluid-based flame stabilizer along a Coanda surface of a Coanda feature toward the discharge nozzles.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a pipe comprising at least one layer at least comprising, preferably consisting essentially of (or being made of), a tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) copolymer comprising from 0.8% to 2.5% by weight of recurring units derived from at least one perfluorinated alkyl vinyl ether having formula (I) here below: CF2?CF—O—Rf (I) wherein Rf is a linear or branched C3-C5 perfluorinated alkyl group or a linear or branched C3-C12 perfluorinated oxyalkyl group comprising one or more ether oxygen atoms, said TFE copolymer having a melt flow index comprised between 0.5 and 6.0 g/10 min, as measured according to ASTM D1238 at 372° C. under a load of 5 Kg [polymer (F)]. The invention also pertains to use of said pipe in heat exchangers and in downhole operations including drilling operations.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a pipe comprising at least one layer at least comprising, preferably consisting essentially of (or being made of), a tetrafluoroethylene (TFE) copolymer comprising from 0.8% to 2.5% by weight of recurring units derived from at least one perfluorinated alkyl vinyl ether having formula (I) here below: CF2=CF—O—Rf (I) wherein Rf is a linear or branched C3-C5 perfluorinated alkyl group or a linear or branched C3-C12 perfluorinated oxyalkyl group comprising one or more ether oxygen atoms, said TFE copolymer having a melt flow index comprised between 0.5 and 6.0 g/10 min, as measured according to ASTM D1238 at 372° C. under a load of 5 Kg [polymer (F)]. The invention also pertains to use of said pipe in heat exchangers and in downhole operations including drilling operations.