Abstract: There are disclosed techniques (e.g., apparatus, methods) for estimating an impulse response of a linear system. An apparatus is configured to generate a transmit signal on the basis of a first sequence. The apparatus is configured to obtain a receive signal and to multiply the receive signal with a second sequence, to obtain a modified receive signal, wherein the second sequence is different from the first sequence. The apparatus is configured to analog-to-digital, ADC, convert an integration result in order to obtain a sample value, the integration result being based on an integration of the modified receive signal over a period of time. The apparatus is configured to obtain an estimate of the impulse response on the basis of a plurality of sample values.

Abstract: A cell includes a transparent covering element arranged at a top side of the cell, an interior arranged below the covering element, the interior being partly filled with an electrolyte, and a semiconductor absorber arranged in or at the electrolyte. Furthermore, the cell includes one or more counterelectrodes arranged above the semiconductor absorber in the electrolyte and electrically connected to a back electrode arranged at a rear side of the semiconductor absorber facing away from the covering element, and one or more membrane enclosures, wherein a counterelectrode in each case extends within a membrane enclosure. One or more channel spaces are formed between an electrolyte surface and an underside of the covering element, the one or more channel spaces extending along one or more partial regions of the underside of the covering element and being usable for guiding away a first gas formed in the interior of the cell.

Abstract: A method is provided for producing a microstructured molded object that is intended for culturing of biological cells. According to this method, a plastically deformable first porous film is prepared, as well as a deformable second film and a deformable sacrificial film. The first, second and sacrificial film are placed in a stack. Next, the sacrificial film is subjected to pressure to press the stack into a mold. The mold has recesses, such that deformed regions in the form of cavities are produced in the sacrificial film, the first film and the second film, and undeformed regions remain. During the pressing of the film stack into the mold, the first film and the second film are joined to each other, so that they form a composite film. At least portions of the deformed regions of the second film are etched so that sections of the second film are chemically dissolved.

Abstract: A microstructured composite component is provided including structures for carrying out fluid processes. A device is provided for producing microstructured composite components. A method provided includes a first step during which a first film is arranged above a second film between first and second mold parts. The first and/or second mold parts have microstructured cavities to be filled. In a second step, the first and second mold parts are heated in at least one region in which they contact one of the films. An excess pressure is then produced between the first film and the second film to force the first and/or second films into the cavities. In a further step, the first and second mold parts are pressed together by a pressing force. Once the first mold part, the second mold part, the first film and the second film are cooled, they form a microstrutured composite component.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for producing a structure modeled on a biological tissue. The invention also relates to a structure which can be produced using the method according to the invention. According to an embodiment of the invention, a precursor of a biopolymer is locally irradiated with electromagnetic radiation in a targeted manner, wherein the irradiation, in particular the selection of the areas to be irradiated, is effected according to data which describe a structural construction at least components of the extracellular matrix of the biological tissue. In this case, the electromagnetic radiation is such that two-photon or multi-photon absorption takes place in the irradiated areas of the precursor and results in the precursor being polymerized to form the biopolymer in the irradiated areas, with the result being that the precursor is at least partially solidified there.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for an atomic force microscope (AFM) for the study and/or modification of surface properties. The device comprises a cantilever (flexible bar) having an integrated, piezoresistive sensor, an integrated bimorphic actuator, and a measuring tip. The measuring tip carries at least two metal electrodes, which can be activated via electrical terminals. The measuring tip and/or the cantilever have at least one nanoscopic hole through which synchrotron radiation or laser light is directed onto the material surface to be studied. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for the study and modification of surface properties and surface-proximal properties, which can be executed using such a device. To this end, atomic force microscopy (AFM), surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), photo emission spectroscopy (XPS, XAS), and material modification by local exposure are executed in sequence or simultaneously using the same device.

Abstract: A silicon-ceramic composite substrate includes a low-temperature ceramic having at least one pre-formed ceramic layer and a silicon substrate. The low-temperature ceramic forms a carrier layer and the silicon substrate surface has a contact area with nanostructures) that completely penetrate into the low-temperature ceramic.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hybrid three-dimensional sensor array, in particular for measuring biological cell assemblies. The sensor array has a plurality of microstructured sensor plates, each having one carrier section on which a plurality of sensor needles are arranged in a comb-like manner, which carry a plurality of electrode surfaces. Furthermore, a plurality of spacer elements are provided, which are fastened between the sensor plates so that both the carrier sections and the sensor needles of adjacent sensor plates are at a distance from each other. The invention further relates to a measuring assembly for measuring electrical activities of biological cell assemblies using such a sensor array.

Abstract: A microstructured composite component is provided including structures for carrying out fluid processes. A device is provided for producing microstructured composite components. A method provided includes a first step during which a first film is arranged above a second film between first and second mold parts. The first and/or second mold parts have microstructured cavities to be filled. In a second step, the first and second mold parts are heated in at least one region in which they contact one of the films. An excess pressure is then produced between the first film and the second film to force the first and/or second films into the cavities. In a further step, the first and second mold parts are pressed together by a pressing force. Once the first mold part, the second mold part, the first film and the second film are cooled, they form a microstrutured composite component.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for generating and/or arranging sequences of a fluid sample in a carrier fluid. The invention comprises a microchannel having an inlet, an outlet and a nozzle opening therebetween leading into the microchannel. The invention further relates to a delivery unit, which pumps in the carrier fluid using a feed volume flow and suctions off the carrier fluid using a discharge volume flow. In a sample container, the nozzle opening is in contact with the fluid sample. By means of a control unit, the ratio between feed volume flow and discharge volume flow is varied. The cross-section of the nozzle opening is selected such that no carrier medium exits from the nozzle opening when the feed volume flow equals the discharge volume flow and that a fluid sample enters the nozzle opening when the discharge volume flow is greater than the feed volume flow. The invention further relates to a method for generating and/or arranging sequences of a fluid sample in a carrier fluid.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and arrangement for the contactless determination of conductivity-influencing properties and their spatial distribution over the entire cross section of an electrically conductive substance moving in a primary magnetic field (B). The substance may be a liquid or a solid. A simultaneous measurement of a number of mechanical state parameters of the magnetic system is performed (three-dimensional components of the force and the torque), said parameters being variable by the effect of a secondary field on the magnetic system, the secondary field being produced on the basis of eddy currents induced in the substance by the primary field (B). To determine the spatial distribution of the property that is sought, the primary field is changed in intensity or form a number of times and a measurement of the state parameters is carried out for each change.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microbioreactor comprising a sample support (7) for holding cells; a bypass (3) with a capillary opening for feeding test reagent and/or for aeration and ventilation of the microbioreactor; a pump module (5) for perfusion of the microbioreactor with test reagent and/or gas feeding and purging of the microbioreactor; a transparent viewing window (2); and fluid channels (4) that form a circuit. The invention further relates to a bioreactor-microtiter plate comprising a plurality of such microbioreactors.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for an atomic force microscope (AFM) for the study and/or modification of surface properties. The device comprises a cantilever (flexible bar) having an integrated, piezoresistive sensor, an integrated bimorphic actuator, and a measuring tip. The measuring tip carries at least two metal electrodes, which can be activated via electrical terminals. The measuring tip and/or the cantilever have at least one nanoscopic hole through which synchrotron radiation or laser light is directed onto the material surface to be studied. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for the study and modification of surface properties and surface-proximal properties, which can be executed using such a device. To this end, atomic force microscopy (AFM), surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), photo emission spectroscopy (XPS, XAS), and material modification by local exposure are executed in sequence or simultaneously using the same device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a partially active microfluidic system for cell cultivation comprising a multiwell system (4) with multiple wells (17) and cavities formed therein that hold cells. Each cavity (11) is formed by at least one inlay (3) comprising an opening (1) that does not open up directly into the cavity (11), but rather into a space (17) surrounding the cavity, wherein the medium present in the surrounding space communicates with the medium contained in the cavity (11) by way of a sieve structure in the inlay. The invention is suitable in particular for 3D cell cultivation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a headlight for a motor vehicle having a light source, which is arranged in a reflector, for emission of light beams in a light outlet direction, having a masking apparatus (1) which has a mask (2) which can be moved to a first position in order to mask out at least a portion of the light beams, and which can be moved to a second position in which the mask (2) is moved at least partially out of the light beams, wherein the movement of the mask (2) can be produced by an actuator unit (3) which has at least one magnet coil (4) and a magnet yoke (5) in order to form a magnetic flux circuit. According to the invention, a hinged armature (6) is provided, is held in an articulated manner on at least a part of the magnet yoke (5) and is in the form of part of the mask (2), such that the hinged armature (6) carries out a folding movement, and produces the movement of the mask (2), when current is passed through the magnet coil (4).

Abstract: This invention comprises a method of little complexity for selection of an optimized number of subscribers for transmission in wire-free message transmission systems having a plurality of antennas at the base station and having one or more antennas at the receivers, as well as space-division multiple access (SDMA) in conjunction with multiple access in the time domain or frequency domain. Subscribers with channels with little spatial correlation art selected for operation in the same time slot or frequency slot. In order to increase the throughput of the SDMA transmission method, with the relationship between the group size and the mean transmission power being taken into account. The invention interacts both with SDMA methods which do not allow any interference (Zero Forcing) and with methods with residual interference.