Abstract: In processes in which liquid sorbents that are solutions in an aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon of a bimetallic salt complex having the generic formula M.sub.I M.sub.II X.sub.n.Aromatic, wherein M.sub.I is Group I-B metal, M.sub.II is a Group III-A metal, X is halogen, n is the sum of the valences of M.sub.I and M.sub.II, and Aromatic is a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon are used to separate complexible ligands from a gas feedstream that comprises an olefin having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, alkylation of the aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon is inhibited by incorporating in the liquid sorbent a small amount of zinc diphenyl.

Abstract: In processes in which liquid sorbents that are solutions in an aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon of a bimetallic salt complex having the generic formula M.sub.I M.sub.II X.sub.n.Aromatic, wherein M.sub.I is a Group I-B metal, M.sub.II is a Group III-A metal, X is halogen, n is the sum of the valences of M.sub.I and M.sub.II, and Aromatic is an aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon are used to separate complexible ligand from a gas feedstream that comprises an olefin having 2 or 3 carbon atoms, alkylation of the aromatic hydrocarbon or halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon is inhibited by incorporating in the liquid sorbent a small amount of triphenylboron.

Abstract: High temperature grease compositions comprise 80% to 94% by weight of a base fluid that is a dialkyl ester of hydrogenated dimer acids that contain less than 8% by weight of trimer acids, 0.2% to 6% by weight of an additive system that contains antioxidant, rust-inhibiting, metal-passivating, and load-bearing components, and 5% to 20% by weight of a thickener component that comprises an oleophilic surface-modified clay and a dispersant.

Abstract: Universal pigment dispersions for use in surface-coating compositions contain as dispersant water-soluble salts of polymers prepared from monomer mixtures containing 30% to 75% by weight of at least one hydroxyalkyl methacrylate wherein the hydroxyalkyl group has 2 to 4 carbon atoms, 20% to 65% by weight of methacrylic acid, and 2% to 20% by weight of at least one other ethylenically-unsaturated monomer, such as styrene and/or glycidyl methacrylate.

Abstract: Organotin esters from acid esters of di or poly carboxylic acids are made by mixing base an organotin halide and the acid ester in the presence of water, and reacting to form the organotin ester, the amount of base and acid ester being to provide 0.9-1.3 equivalents and at least 0.9 equivalents respectively per g. atom of halogen in the organotin halide, and the conditions being such as not to cause substantial hydrolysis, and the progressive mixing of base with organotin halide or acid ester being not later than the mixing of organotin halide and acid ester.

Abstract: An in-line apparatus for separating oversize particles from a pressurized fluid slurry which comprises:a rigid, hollow body member capable of withstanding the pressure of the fluid slurry, the body member having a valved slurry inlet port and a slurry outlet port, each port adapted to mate with slurry conduit means;a washer access port opposite from and in axial alignment with the slurry outlet port;a hollow, open-ended screen assembly fixedly mounted within the body member between and in axial alignment with the slurry outlet port and the washer access port;a valved oversize particle discharge port at the lowermost end of the body member adapted to mate with oversize particle conduit means; andretractable backwasher means externally mounted on the body member in axial alignment with the washer access port and the screen assembly, where the backwasher means comprises a fluid discharging spray head adapted to pass axially through the interior of the screen assembly, whereby a pressurized backwashing fluid is d

Abstract: Benzoic acid is produced from process residues resulting from the liquid phase air oxidation of toluene by a process in which(a) a benzyl benzoate-rich fraction is separated from the spent catalyst and high-boiling reaction by-products in the process residue;(b) the benzyl benzoate-rich fraction is contacted with an oxygen-containing gas in the presence of an oxidation catalyst at 130.degree.-200.degree. C./1-10 atmospheres until 25% to 60% of the benzyl benzoate has been oxidized to benzoic acid, and(c) benzoic acid is recovered from the oxidation product mixture.

Abstract: Vinyl aromatic polymer compositions contain a flame-retarding amount of 1,1,2,3,4,4-hexabromobutene-2.

Abstract: A thickening agent for unsaturated polyester resin compositions comprises(a) 25% to 70% by weight of a Group II-A metal oxide or hydroxide and(b) 30% to 75% by weight of an unsaturated polyester vehicle comprising an unsaturated polyester that is the product of the reaction of a dicarboxylic acid component that contains at least one unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and at least one saturated aromatic dicarboxylic acid with an alcohol component that contains at least one glycol and at least one monohydric alcohol.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foam having reduced tendency to form burning embers and which produces a char when it is ignited and burned is provided by incorporating into the reaction mixture before foaming an aldehyde or an aldehyde generator.In a preferred embodiment, flexible polyurethane foam of increased flame retardance is provided by also incorporating a flame retardant into the reaction mixture before foaming.

Abstract: An unsaturated polyester resin composition comprises an unsaturated polyester resin, an unsaturated monomer capable of reacting with the unsaturated polyester to form cross-linkages, and a colorant-thickener dispersion that comprises (a) 20% to 50% by weight of a thickener comprising a Group II-A metal oxide or hydroxide, 5% to 20% by weight of a pigment component, and 30% to 75% by weight of an unsaturated polyester vehicle that comprises 80% to 98% by weight of at least one unsaturated polyester that is the product of the reaction of a dicarboxylic acid component containing 80 to 90 mole % of at least one unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 8 carbon atoms and 10 to 20 mole % of at least one saturated aromatic dicarboxylic acid with an alcohol component containing 40 to 60 mole % of at least one glycol having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and 40 to 60 mole % of at least one monohydric alcohol having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, in the amount of 0.4 mole to 0.

Abstract: A polyester resin composition comprises(a) an unsaturated polyester resin,(b) an unsaturated monomer capable of reacting with the unsaturated polyester resin to form cross-linkages, and(c) a thickening agent that comprises(1) 25% to 70% by weight of a Group II-A metal oside or hydroxide and(2) 30% to 75% by weight of an unsaturated polyester vehicle comprising an unsaturated polyester that is the product of the reaction of a dicarboxylic acid component that contains at least one unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and at least one saturated aromatic dicarboxylic acid with an alcohol component that contains at least one glycol and at least one monohydric alcohol.

Abstract: A colorant-thickener dispersion for unsaturated polyester resin compositions comprises(a) 20% to 50% by weight of a thickener comprising a Group II-A metal oxide or hydroxide,(b) 5% to 20% by weight of a pigment component, and(c) 30% to 75% by weight of an unsaturated polyester vehicle that comprises(1) 50% to 100% by weight of at least one unsaturated polyester that is the product of the reaction of a dicarboxylic acid component containing 80 to 90 mole % of at least one unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 8 carbon atoms and 10 to 20 mole % of at least one saturated aromatic dicarboxylic acid with an alcohol component containing 40 to 60 mole % of at least one glycol having 2 to 6 carbon atoms and 40 to 60 mole % of at least one monohydric alcohol having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, in the amount of 0.4 mole to 0.

Abstract: A thickening agent for unsaturated polyester resin compositions comprises(a) 25% to 70% by weight of a Group II-A metal oxide or hydroxide and(b) 30% to 75% by weight of an unsaturated polyester vehicle comprising(1) 50% to 100% by weight of an unsaturated polyester that is the product of the reaction of a dicarboxylic acid component that contains at least one unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and at least one saturated aromatic dicarboxylic acid with an alcohol component that contains at least one glycol and at least one monohydric alcohol and(2) 0-50% by weight of an unsaturated monomer capable of reacting with the unsaturated polymer to form cross-linkages.

Abstract: A thickening agent for unsaturated polyester resin compositions comprises(a) 25% to 70% by weight of a Group II-A metal oxide or hydroxide and(b) 30% to 75% by weight of an unsaturated polyester vehicle comprising(1) 50% to 100% by weight of an unsaturated polyester that is the product of the reaction of a dicarboxylic acid component that contains at least one unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid and at least one saturated aromatic dicarboxlyic acid with an alcohol component that contains at least one glycol and at least one monohydric alcohol and(2) 0-50% by weight of an unsaturated monomer capable of reacting with the unsaturated polyer to form cross-linkages.

Abstract: Stable solutions that contain at least 6% by weight and preferably 8% to 12% by weight of dissolved manganese comprise an organic solvent, manganese salts of a saturated branched-chain aliphatic monocarboyxlic acid component that contains one or more alpha, alpha-disubstituted acids having 5 to 28 carbon atoms and one or more beta-substituted acids having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and not more than 25%, based on the weight of dissolved manganese, of a peptizing agent.

Abstract: Solutions of overbased manganese salts of organic acids that contain at least 13% by weight of manganese are prepared by carbonating a reaction mixture that contains excess manganous oxide, an oil-soluble organic acid, a solvent system, a promoter, a copromoter, and a third promoter that is an alkanoic acid having 1 to 3 carbon atoms at 70.degree.-120.degree. C. at a pressure of 1 atmosphere to 10 atmospheres.

Abstract: Flexible polyurethane foam having reduced tendency to form burning embers when it is ignited and burned is provided by incorporating into the reaction mixture before foaming a ketone or benzaldehyde.In a preferred embodiment, flexible polyurethane foam of increased flame retardance is provided by also incorporating a flame retardant into the reaction mixture before foaming.

Abstract: Vinyl chloride is removed from aqueous slurries prepared by the suspension polymerization of a monomer component that comprises vinyl chloride by heating the slurries at a temperature between 70.degree. C. and the boiling point of water at a pressure in the range of 30 mm Hg absolute to 3 atmospheres and removing the evolved vinyl chloride until the aqueous slurry contains less than 50 ppm and preferably less than 0.1 ppm of vinyl chloride, based on the weight of polymer in the slurry. The polymers that are recovered from the purified aqueous slurries contain less than 10 ppm, and in most cases less than 0.1 ppm of vinyl chloride.

Abstract: Vinyl chloride is removed from an aqueous dispersion that contains 5%-50% by weight of a vinyl chloride resin and 1000-15,000 ppm of vinyl chloride by a process in which the aqueous dispersion is contacted first with steam and vinyl acetate to remove at least 90% of the vinyl chloride from it and then, after a short conditioning period, with steam to reduce its monomer content to less than 10 ppm.