Abstract: A core enveloper, for applying a web of paper, plastic or the like, to a new core, for example, on an automatic web winder, is adapted to provide for web severing and core wrapping in either of two directions of wrap. The enveloper arms including the enveloper roll, the rider roll, the cut-off knife and web transfer brush are mounted on a subframe comprising a beam which, in turn, is rotatably mounted on a support frame and is thus movable, by a drive motor, to present the core in either an "over" or an "under" position with respect to the enveloper. The axis of rotation of the beam intersects a centerline through the core so that the geometry of the enveloper, with respect to the core, remains unchanged in either of the operating positions of the enveloper.

Abstract: A pellet dryer is disclosed for removing plastic pellets from entraining water and drying the same. The rotating structure of the pellet dryer is essentially contained and supported on a door of a cabinet, so that the opening of the cabinet door exposes the pellet dryer structure and the interior of the cabinet for cleaning.

Abstract: The use of rejects outlets in vortex separators having internal walls which gradually transform from a circular cross-section into openings which are noncircular in cross-section has been found to be effective in controlling the rejects rate and the thickening factor of the separators while maintaining effective cleaning efficiencies without plugging problems. The rejects outlets may be fabricated as replaceable tips or may be integrally formed with the cyclone bodies.

Abstract: A dryer section of a paper machine includes a frame having vertical frame members and upper side members spaced to receive endless or looped wires therebetween for supporting the web, with one of the upper side members having a removable block portion near each end thereof and a cantilever support attached to a second upper member. A plurality of drums for drying the web and rolls for supporting and directing the wires include a plurality of drum pairs, each pair rotatably supported by a pivotal support assembly detachably connected to the upper frame members and having a removable block portion along one side thereof between the drums of the pair mounted thereto. The pivotal support assemblies may be detached from the upper frame members and pivoted downwardly until the drum pairs are supported by a lower cantilever sub-structure disposed near the bottom of the drying section, whereupon after removal of all removable block portions, a clear path for replacement of the wires is provided.

Abstract: Good temperature and pH control as well as uniform mixing of pulp or other fibrous materials is achieved in a medium consistency oxygen delignification method and system. Alkaline chemicals are sprayed, optionally using oxygen gas as the atomizing agent, into the gas space above the level of pulp maintained in one or more substantially horizontal tubular reaction vessels. At least a part of the steam requirement of the reaction is added only after the major portion of alkaline chemicals has been added to the system. In other embodiments of the invention, alkaline chemicals may be injected into the substantially vertical conduit connecting two reaction vessels or two different alkaline chemicals may be injected at different points in the system.

Abstract: A turret-type winder particularly adapted for winding of impervious sheet-type web materials, such as plastics, provides self-contained and pivotally mounted pressure rolls which contact the cores and the winding roll throughout the entire winding process and throughout the indexing of the arms from a core loading station to a roll unloading station while maintaining the relative geometry of contact such that the web contacts the pressure roll at or before contacting the winding roll for effectively excluding the entrapment of air between the winding layers.A method of winding from a roll changer or other apparatus for providing a web of material includes the movement of the spindle end of the arms of a turret-type changer through the path of web leading to a winding roll to the back or remote side of the web so that the web lead is brought between the spindle arms and between the empty spindle and the winding roll.

Abstract: A system and method for slitting and rewinding includes a slitter and a drum type rewinder. A core cutter includes a magazine for retaining a plurality of cores and a programmable transversely movable core slitter which may be moved to discrete transverse locations for severing a selected core into widths corresponding to the setting of the slitter knives. A core transporter receives the sections of slit core and transports the same to the winder drums while, at the same time, moves the completed roll out of winding position. A web severing and adhesive applying apparatus cuts the web from the winder and applies strips of adhesive to the tail and lead edges of the back. The core sections as formed by the core slitting or sectioning apparatus, are maintained in predetermined alignment according to the position of the knives and are inserted into the winder by the transporter behind the previously formed roll as the roll is moved out of the winder, resulting in a minimum of lost time or wasted material.

Abstract: A cutting blade is mounted on an articulated arm for movement into location adjacent a new core and a free running span of the web on a winding machine. An adhesive strip is applied to the new core and then the core is rotated. A pressure roller on an opposite side of the web from the new core then urges the web into engagement with the surface of the new rotating core. As the adhesive strip rotates into contact with the moving web, it causes the web to be deflected into the knife which results in severing of the web. The leading edge of the severed web is maintained adhered to the adhesive strip so that no fold back of the leading edge occurs as the web continues to wind on the new core.

Abstract: A screening cylinder for use in screening apparatus for paper making stock includes a reinforcing skeleton structure comprising multiple bars extending generally axially of the inside of the cylinder which are welded to relatively heavy reinforcing hoops located at both ends of the cylinder and at a plurality of uniformly spaced locations along the length of the cylinder. Between each adjacent pair of these hoops is a plurality of circular rings of metal rod material arranged in closely spaced relation with each other and with the hoops to define a corresponding plurality of circumferentially extending screening slots.

Abstract: A froth flotation apparatus for elimination of solid particle impurities contained within a liquid includes a vessel defining a flotation cell which includes an upstanding foam discharge conduit, an inlet conduit communicating with the vessel such that fluid flowing through the inlet conduit and into the vessel moves in a vortical fashion within the vessel, a skimmer, and a sparger. The skimmer consists of a generally cylindrical roller which is rotatably mounted between the discharge conduit and a side wall of the vessel and is buoyant so that it floats on the surface of the fluid within the vessel such that it is rotated by the vortical movement of the fluid within the vessel to prevent buildup of foam and maintain the motion of the fluid within the vessel. The sparger includes a substantially cylindrical porous element mounted on a tubular shaft which is rotatably mounted within the inlet conduit and driven by a motor.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for the oxygen delignification of pulp is provided in which the pulp is transported by means of timing screws in essentially plug flow through one or more substantially horizontal reactor tubes. Oxygen gas is injected into the system at a point adjacent to the pulp inlet and travels concurrently in substantially plug flow with the pulp through the system. In this manner, the pulp is initially exposed to gas of a high oxygen partial pressure while gas vented from the system adjacent the pulp outlet is of low oxygen partial pressure and has a high content of diluent gases. The process and apparatus avoid the formation of gas pockets and hot spots which may adversely affect the pulp. In an alternate embodiment, a countercurrent gas flow process is disclosed. Also provided is a catalytic treatment and recirculation system for the vented gas which permits efficient use of oxygen within the system.

Abstract: Apparatus for screening a suspension of liquid, paper making fibers and undesirable rejects to remove a substantial portion of the rejects therefrom comprise a cylindrical screening member provided with circumferentially extending screening slots in the range of from greater than 0.008 inch to approximately 0.030 inch in width, and bars projecting from the inlet face of the screen and cooperating with rotating foils for creating a field of high intensity, fine scale turbulence adjacent the inlet face of the screen. The paper making fibers and other particles of elongated thin shapes can pass through the screening slots, but relatively chunky reject particles, which would pass through the larger openings of conventional paper making screens, are rejected without fractionation of the paper making stock or appreciable variation in the consistencies of the feed, accepts and reject flows.

Abstract: Medium consistency oxygen delignification of pulp is carried out in a series of tubular reaction zones. Rapid delignification is achieved by agitating the pulp by rotating a timing screw in the first reaction zone at a speed in excess of 10 rpm, modifying the flights on the timing screw to increase the amount of agitation, or a combination of the two. Primary oxygenation is carried out in the first reaction zone while subsequent zones provide the retention time needed for the delignification reaction to go to completion. A thick stock pump is used to introduce the pulp into the first reaction zone.

Abstract: A self-sealing element is provided in the outer wall of the discharge chamber of a centrifugal cleaning apparatus opposite the rejects discharge outlet. When a blockage occurs at the discharge outlet, a long needle-like nozzle is inserted through the sealing element to the blockage. Water or air under pressure is expelled from orifices in the nozzle and breaks up the blockage. After the nozzle is withdrawn, the sealing element, which may be formed of a silicone rubber, reseals itself.

Abstract: Two side coaters and methods of coating paper on both sides are disclosed in which a web of paper to be coated is moved in a generally upward direction in partially wrapped relation to a coating roll, so that one side of the web is in contact with and supported by the roll. This one side of the web is coated by a first coating material which is applied by the coating roll. This coating material is applied to the coating roll by an applicator roll, either directly in which a puddle is formed between the applicator roll and the coating roll, or through transfer from a pair of metering rolls in which the coating puddle is formed between the metering rolls.

Abstract: Thermal insulating material of cellulosic fibers is prepared by treating wood chips or other fibrous cellulosic material with saturated steam at elevated temperatures and pressures and then fiberizing the treated material. A fire-retardant chemical is added to the material immediately prior to fiberization. The resulting fiberized cellulosic material when dried exhibits superior flame and fire resistance properties.

Abstract: A pressurized screening device has an inlet arrangement by which a feed slurry is directed to a central portion of a screening chamber, a plurality of chevron-shaped rotor foils are mounted for rotation near the inner surface of a cylindrical screenplate to split the flow of the feed slurry into separate flow portions directed toward opposite ends of the screening chamber, and separate reject chambers are provided adjacent its opposite ends of its screening chamber. The chevron-shaped foil structure enables the screening device to operate as if it were two smaller screening devices and to remove efficiently both light and heavy impurities from the feed stock.

Abstract: A web cutter for a surface winder provides a cutting blade which is moved into position adjacent the web and held stationary during cutting of the web. A web deflector is mounted for rotation about the axis of the drive drum on the opposite side of the web from the knife and when in the cutting position, deflects the web into the knife for severing the web. The device includes a guide shoe supported adjacent the knife for deflecting the severed edge of the web around the new core to be wound.

Abstract: A web cutting blade is secured to an articulated arm which moves the blade towards and away from the web to be severed. The blade is moved to a position adjacent a free span of the web and is held in a stationary position during the severing of the web. A web guide shoe is also mounted on the articulated arm and captures the severed end of the web and directs it around a new core so that it will envelop the core and begin winding on the core so that the roll change can be effected during a continuous web movement. A web defelector member positioned on an opposite side of the web from the cutting blade is also mounted on an articulated arm which can move the deflector towards and away from the web. After the blade has been positioned adjacent the web, the deflector member urges the web into engagement with the blade so that the web will be cut due to the movement of the web across the blade.

Abstract: Two side coaters and methods of coating paper on both sides are disclosed in which a web of paper to be coated is moved in a generally upward direction in partially wrapped relation to a coating roll, so that one side of the web is in contact with and supported by the roll. This one side of the web is coated by a first coating material which is applied by the coating roll. This coating material is applied to the coating roll by an applicator roll, either directly in which a puddle is formed between the applicator roll and the coating roll, or through transfer from a pair of metering rolls in which the coating puddle is formed between the metering rolls.