Abstract: Described herein are methods of modulating seed germination and seed longevity in plants by modifying FLOE1 level or activity; and plants generated by such methods.

Abstract: A novel bulk form of 4H-Si, a crystalline allotrope of silicon and a novel method of manufacture. The novel material consists of highly oriented microcrystals of silicon in the 4H structure with no disordered material. The 4H-Si is derived from heating a second novel material Si24 under proper conditions. The allotrope of silicon is produced as bulk, microcrystalline agglomerates.

Abstract: The present invention provides carbon-based clathrate compounds, including a carbon-based clathrate compound that includes a clathrate lattice with atoms of at least one element selected from the group consisting of carbon and boron as a host cage structure; guest atoms encapsulated within the clathrate lattice; and, substitution atoms that may be substituted for at least one portion of the carbon and boron atoms that constitute the clathrate lattice. In one embodiment, the invention provides a carbon-based clathrate compound of the formula LaB3C3.

Abstract: The present invention provides carbon-based clathrate compounds, including a carbon-based clathrate compound that includes a clathrate lattice with atoms of at least one element selected from the group consisting of carbon and boron as a host cage structure; guest atoms encapsulated within the clathrate lattice; and, substitution atoms that may be substituted for at least one portion of the carbon and boron atoms that constitute the clathrate lattice. In one embodiment, the invention provides a carbon-based clathrate compound of the formula LaB3C3.

Abstract: The disclosure provides compositions and methods for infecting a legume plant and/or increasing the yield of a legume plant by providing a population of light-activated, nitrogen-fixing bacteria by illuminating a population of nitrogen-fixing bacteria with a blue light and delivering to the legume plant the population of light-activated, nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

Abstract: Nanodiamonds are grown under conditions where diamond-like organic seed molecules do not decompose. This permits engineered growth of fluorescent nanodiamonds wherein a custom designed seed molecule can be incorporated at the center of a nanodiamond. By substituting atoms at particular locations in the seed molecule it is possible to achieve complex multi-atom diamond color centers or even to engineer complete quantum registers. In addition, it is possible to grow ultra-small nanodiamonds, wherein each nanodiamond, no matter how small, can have at least one bright and photostable fluorescent emitter.

Abstract: The present invention provides carbon-based clathrate compounds, including a carbon-based clathrate compound that includes a clathrate lattice with atoms of at least one element selected from the group consisting of carbon and boron as a host cage structure; guest atoms encapsulated within the clathrate lattice; and, substitution atoms that may be substituted for at least one portion of the carbon and boron atoms that constitute the clathrate lattice. In one embodiment, the invention provides a carbon-based clathrate compound of the formula LaB3C3.

Abstract: A nanosensor for detecting and quantifying lactate in different types of samples, such as tissues, intra-cellular and subcellular compartments, with high spatial and temporal resolution is disclosed. Methods comprising use of the nanosensor for quantifying the activity of lactate transporters, rates of cellular lactate production and cellular lactate consumption, and rate of mitochondrial pyruvate consumption are also disclosed. Methods for quantifying the transformation in energy metabolism that characterizes cancer cells with single-cell resolution and for detecting interference of candidate drugs with mitochondrial energetics are additionally disclosed.

Abstract: A process is provided of introducing an RNA into a living cell to inhibit gene expression of a target gene in that cell. The process may be practiced ex vivo or in vivo. The RNA has a region with double-stranded structure. Inhibition is sequence-specific in that the nucleotide sequences of the duplex region of the RNA and of a portion of the target gene are identical. The present invention is distinguished from prior art interference in gene expression by antisense or triple-strand methods.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to an integrated system, apparatus and method that allows for the continuous culturing of microorganisms under high pressure conditions and at a wide range of temperatures. More specifically, the system is configured to be gas tight and operate under aerobic or anaerobic conditions. The system is also configured to permit periodic sampling of the incubated organisms under such conditions with minimal physical/chemical disturbance inside the reactor and minimal impacts of shear forces on the collected biomass.

Abstract: A novel class of transporter protein, referred to as SWEET, GLUE or Glü, is disclosed. These transporters provide a novel system for the transportation of sugars across membranes within a cell and between the inside and outside of a cell. Such transporters are useful for understanding and altering the sugar concentration within certain organs of an organism, and within certain organelles within the cell. These transporters are also useful in protecting plants from a pathogen attack.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new phase of silicon, Si24, and a method of making the same. Si24 has a quasi-direct band gap, with a direct gap value of 1.34 eV and an indirect gap value of 1.3 eV. The invention also relates to a compound of the formula Na4Si24 and a method of making the same. Na4Si24 may be used as a precursor to make Si24.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new phase of silicon, Si24, and a method of making the same. Si24 has a quasi-direct band gap, with a direct gap value of 1.34 eV and an indirect gap value of 1.3 eV. The invention also relates to a compound of the formula Na4Si24 and a method of making the same. Na4Si24 may be used as a precursor to make Si24.

Abstract: The invention relates to a new phase of silicon, Si24, and a method of making the same. Si24 has a quasi-direct band gap, with a direct gap value of 1.34 eV and an indirect gap value of 1.3 eV. The invention also relates to a compound of the formula Na4Si24 and a method of making the same. Na4Si24 may be used as a precursor to make Si24.

Abstract: A novel class of transporter protein, referred to as SWEET, GLUE or Glü, is disclosed. These transporters provide a novel system for the transportation of sugars across membranes within a cell and between the inside and outside of a cell. Such transporters are useful for understanding and altering the sugar concentration within certain organs of an organism, and within certain organelles within the cell. These transporters are also useful in protecting plants from a pathogen attack.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of increasing the levels of at least one sugar in developing seeds in a plant, with the methods comprising inserting an exogenous nucleic acid, which codes for at least one sugar transporter protein (SWEET protein), into a plant cell to create a transgenic plant cell, and subjecting the transgenic plant cell to conditions that promote expression of the at least one SWEET protein during seed development. The methods results in transgenic plant seeds, and transgenic plants that produce seed, where the levels of at least one sugar are increased as compared to seeds from non-transgenic plants of the same species grown under the same conditions.

Abstract: Novel methods of ChIP-seq are disclosed herein. These methods of ChIP-seq employ carrier DNA to prevent loss of DNA samples. The greater DNA yields achieved by this invention permit ChIP-seq of a small number of cells, permitting epigenetic analysis of primary cells of limited quantity.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to engineered transport proteins comprising at last one fluorescent reporter covalently bound to the transporter protein, wherein the transporter proteins comprise a structural inverted repeat motif, with the motif comprising a first and second subunit that are structural inverted repeats of one another and that are joined to one another by a polypeptide loop.

Abstract: A process is provided of introducing an RNA into a living cell to inhibit gene expression of a target gene in that cell. The process may be practiced ex vivo or in vivo. The RNA has a region with double-stranded structure. Inhibition is sequence-specific in that the nucleotide sequences of the duplex region of the RNA and of a portion of the target gene are identical. The present invention is distinguished from prior art interference in gene expression by antisense or triple-strand methods.

Abstract: The invention relates to a single crystal boron doped CVD diamond that has a toughness of at least about 22 MPa m1/2. The invention further relates to a method of manufacturing single crystal boron doped CVD diamond. The growth rate of the diamond can be from about 20-100 ?m/h.