Abstract: The invention relates to a method of modifying the surface of a fabric which comprises the successive steps of: i) exposing the fabric surface to UV radiation; and ii) oxidative treatment of the fabric.

Abstract: Cheese containing substantially all the casein and whey protein present in milk is prepared by concentrating milk, increasing ionic strength of the concentrated milk, fermenting the concentrate with a lactic acid-producing bacteria and evaporating water from the fermented concentrate. By increasing the ionic strength, coagulation is prevented during fermentation to produce a liquid fermented concentrate that can be efficiently evaporated. Preferably, milk is concentrated by ultrafiltration and diafiltration to produce a retentate having a concentration ratio of about 3:1 to 6:1, ionic strength of the retentate is increased by adding sodium chloride in an amount of about 0.5 to 1.5%, the retentate is fermented to a pH of about 4.9 to 5.5 and the fermented retentate is continuously evaporated at below atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A method for protecting synthetic and natural fibres against phototendering. The method comprises treating the fibres with a substituted benzotriazolesulfonate of the following formula: ##STR1## wherein (I) R.sub.1 is hydrogen or halogen, R.sub.2 is hydrogen or alkyl, R.sub.3 is hydrogen or hydroxy, R.sub.4 is --SO.sub.3 X where X is hydrogen or an alkali metal, and R.sub.5 is hydrogen, with the proviso that R.sub.2 is not methyl when R.sub.1 and R.sub.3 are hydrogen; or(II) R.sub.1, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen, R.sub.2 is --SO.sub.3 X where X is hydrogen or an alkali metal, and R.sub.5 is --OR.sub.6 where R.sub.6 is hydrogen or alkyl; or(III) R.sub.1 is hydrogen or halogen, R.sub.2 is --SO.sub.3 X where X is hydrogen or an alkali metal, R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 are hydrogen, and R.sub.4 is hydrogen, alkyl or benzyl; or(IV) R.sub.1 is --SO.sub.3 X where X is hydrogen or an alkali metal, R.sub.2 is alkyl, R.sub.3 and R.sub.5 are hydrogen, and R.sub.4 is hydrogen or alkyl;under acidic conditions.

Abstract: A solar reaction system which produces hydrogen by reduction of hydronium ions using methylviologen or a related compound as an electron-transfer agent and a platinum electron-transfer catalyst, wherein the catalyst is modified with a water-soluble divalent sulphur compound, or a sulphur compound in which the sulphur is reducible to the divalent state, in an amount sufficient to inhibit hydrogenation side-reactions during the solar reduction process but not sufficient to significantly suppress the reduction of hydronium ion to hydrogen by the electron-transfer agent.