Abstract: An improved hemodialysis method (which may optionally include a hemoperfusion step) including regional extracorporeal citrate anticoagulation is disclosed which permits complete elimination of conventional heparin treatment and possible consequent medical complications from heparin use. The method preferably comprises removing blood from a patient at a level of at least about 80 milliliters per minute, infusing citrate anticoagulant into the blood at a level of up to about 10 millimoles of citrate anion per liter of blood, treating the blood (e.g., by dialysis and hemoperfusion if desired), thereafter infusing a calcium compound into the blood to restore proper calcium ion level and coagulative properties, and returning the blood to the patient. A calcium-free acetate or bicarbonate dialysate is advantageously employed. A charcoal perfusion filter can optionally be used in conjunction with the dialyzer apparatus.

Abstract: A method for the immunization of mammals (including man) and birds, against Toxoplasma gondii is described which involves subcutaneous administration of a live, low-virulent vaccine comprising a temperature-sensitive mutant of the persistent, virulent RH strain of T. gondii. The vaccine gives immunity against subsequent challenge, but does not persist and does not cause chronic infection of the subject and which therefore cannot result in illness or death in the event that the subject later becomes immunosuppressed.

Abstract: A method of immunizing cats against shedding of Toxoplasma oocysts is described wherein cats are given a primary Toxoplasma infection, preferably by feeding of tissue cysts, and are chemoprophylactically treated to suppress oocyst shedding as a result of the primary infection. thus, the treated cats are given immunity to oocyst shedding without the necessity of initial shedding. The treating agent is preferably monensin given with the cats' daily ration at a level of at least about 200 mg. monensin per kg. of cat food. Other useful treating agents include salinomycin or a combination of orally administered sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine.

Abstract: A method of preventing, or at least substantially minimizing, shedding of Toxoplasma oocysts by cats is described which can be begun after infection of the cat and may serve to reduce the contamination with infectious oocysts of soils around areas of human habitation. The method involves administration, in effective amounts of a drug agent selected from the group consisting of monensin or salinomycin. The administration is preferably oral, and can be accomplished by mixing the drug with the cat's food or via a slow release dosage form. The drug treatment is normally commenced within about two days after infection, and is continued for a period of at least about two weeks.

Abstract: The compound of the formula ##STR1## has been found to be an important and practical intermediate with the proper stereo-isomerism for the preparation of numerous prostaglandin derivatives. It can easily be converted to 4.alpha.-acetoxy-2-cyclopentenone by a variety of processes.

Abstract: A gaseous stream (such as a "sour" natural gas stream) composed chiefly of a normally gaseous light hydrocarbon or alkane, such as methane, ethane, propane, or mixtures thereof, containing undesirable constituents, impurities or contaminants, such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, water vapor, nitrogen and helium, is mixed with a polar organic liquid, such as methanol, or an aqueous solution of said liquid, such as an aqueous solution of methanol. The resulting mixture is cooled and liquefied and the resulting two-phase liquid mixture (comprising a light phase rich in the desired light hydrocarbon and an impurities-rich heavy phase of said polar organic liquid) is extracted with said polar organic liquid to recover said light hydrocarbon in the liquefied state, e.g. as liquefied, "sweet" natural gas.