Abstract: A method for providing a computer-implemented medical diagnosis includes receiving an input from a user comprising at least one symptom of the user. The method also includes providing the at least one symptom as an input to a medical model, the medical model being retrieved from memory. The medical model includes a probabilistic graphical model comprising probability distributions and relationships between symptoms and diseases. The method also includes performing inference on the probabilistic graphical model to obtain a prediction of the probability that the user has that disease. The method also includes outputting an indication that the user has a disease from the Bayesian inference, wherein the inference is performed using a counterfactual measure.

Abstract: A chip-carrier package includes a data processing system having one or more slave dies, a master die and a system bus. Each slave die includes a slave device and a slave-side wireless bus interface (WBI) coupled to the slave device. The master die includes a master device, one or more bus-side WBIs coupled to the master device. Each bus-side WBI is configured to be wirelessly coupled to at least one slave-side WBI of the one or more slave dies and a system bus. The system bus includes the one or more bus-side WBIs and the slave-side WBIs of the one or more slave-side dies. The system bus is configured to exchange information between the master device and the slave devices of the one or more slave dies.

Abstract: Methods for providing a computer implemented medical diagnosis are provided. In one aspect, a method includes receiving an input from a user comprising at least one symptom of the user, and providing the at least one symptom as an input to a medical model. The method also includes deriving estimates of the probability of the user having a disease from the discriminative model, inputting the estimates to the inference engine, performing approximate inference on the probabilistic graphical model to obtain a prediction of the probability that the user has that disease, and outputting the probability of the user having the disease for display by a display device.

Abstract: Methods for providing a computer implemented medical diagnosis are provided. In one aspect, a method includes receiving an input from a user comprising at least one symptom of the user, and providing the at least one symptom as an input to a medical model. The method also includes deriving estimates of the probability of the user having a disease from the discriminative model, inputting the estimates to the inference engine, performing approximate inference on the probabilistic graphical model to obtain a prediction of the probability that the user has that disease, and outputting the probability of the user having the disease for display by a display device.

Abstract: A graphical classification method for classifying graphical structures, said graphical structures comprising nodes defined by feature vectors and having relations between the nodes. The method includes representing the feature vectors and relations as a first graphical representation. The method also includes mapping said first graphical representation into a second graphical representation wherein the mapping comprises using an attention mechanism, said attention mechanism establishes the importance of specific feature vectors dependent on their neighbourhood and the relations between the feature vectors, said mapping transforming the feature vectors of the first graphical representation to transformed feature vectors in the second graphical representation. The method also includes combining the transformed feature vectors to obtain a third combined representation said third combined representation being an indication of the classification of the graphical structure.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are extracts of Andrographis paniculata having highly concentrated active ingredients, preparation methods and medical use for treating autoimmunity and inflammatory disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a computer-implemented method of verifying a semantic triple generated for building a knowledge base including data patterns defining concepts associated with semantic triples derived from unstructured text. The method includes providing the semantic triple to a user interface, the semantic triple including a subject, an object, and a relation. The method also includes receiving, from the user interface, an acceptance or a rejection of the subject, the object, and the relation as relevant or not to the knowledge base. The method also includes transmitting the semantic triple for inclusion as a data pattern in the knowledge base in the event that all of the subject, the object, and the relation, have been accepted.

Abstract: A method for providing a computer implemented medical diagnosis includes receiving an input from a user comprising a symptom of the user. The method also includes providing the symptom as an input to a medical model comprising a probabilistic graphical model comprising probability distributions and relationships between symptoms and diseases, and an inference engine configured to perform Bayesian inference on said probabilistic graphical model. The method also includes generating a question for the user to obtain further information concerning the user to allow a diagnosis, and outputting said question to the user. The method also includes outputting said question to the user, wherein generating a question for the user comprises ranking said questions by determining the utility of the possible questions.

Abstract: Methods and systems for generating a database index and searching the database index are described herein. In one aspect this may include receiving an item of database data, wherein the item of database data comprises a sequence of data elements. Groups of data elements may be identified within the received item of database data. If any one or more of the identified groups of data elements have not been previously identified within the item of database data and/or previous items database data then the one or more identified group may be stored as index entries in a database index. Information describing the sequence of the groups of neighbouring data elements may be recorded within the database index as they are located within the item of database data. The database index may be searched based on a received search term comprising a sequence of data elements.

Abstract: The subject-matter described herein relates to a computer-implemented method of enabling interoperability between a first knowledge base and a second knowledge base. Each knowledge base is graphically represented and includes a plurality of nodes each defining a concept and a plurality of relations linking the plurality of nodes. The first knowledge base and the second knowledge base are encoded using different coding standards. The method comprises: identifying an entity from the plurality of entities in the second knowledge base; obtaining a mapping between the identified entity from the second knowledge base and a matching entity from the first knowledge base; and creating and storing a link between the identified entity from the second knowledge base and the matching entity from the first knowledge base.

Abstract: A computer implemented method of combining two knowledge bases, each knowledge base comprising concepts that are linked by relations, the method comprising: assigning one of the knowledge bases as a first knowledge base and the other of said knowledge bases as an additional knowledge base; matching concepts between the first knowledge base and the additional knowledge base to define mapping relations between concepts of the first and additional knowledge base; assessing defined mapping relations to determine if they cause a violation with relations already present in the first or second knowledge base; modifying relations within the additional knowledge base to repair violations; and storing an extended first knowledge base comprising the first knowledge base, the defined mapping relations and the additional knowledge base with the modified relations within the additional knowledge base.

Abstract: A method for providing a computer-implemented medical diagnosis includes receiving an input from a user comprising at least one symptom of the user. The method also includes providing the at least one symptom as an input to a medical model, the medical model being retrieved from memory. The medical model includes a probabilistic graphical model comprising probability distributions and relationships between symptoms and diseases. The method also includes performing inference on the probabilistic graphical model to obtain a prediction of the probability that the user has that disease. The method also includes outputting an indication that the user has a disease from the Bayesian inference, wherein the inference is performed using a counterfactual measure.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of generating a PGM with causal information, said graphical model containing the causal relationship between a first variable and a second variable, the method comprising: receiving data at a processor, said data showing a correlation between the first variable and a second variable; producing a third variable by reducing the dimensionality of the graphical representation of the two dimensional data defined by the first variable and the second variable, determining determine the causal relationship between the first and third variables and the second and third variable, the causal discovery algorithm being able to determine if the first variable causes the third variable, the third variable causes the first variable, the second variable causes the third variable and the third variable causes the second variable; and outputting a graphical model indicating the direction of edges in a graphical representation of said PGM.

Abstract: A chip-carrier package includes a data processing system having one or more slave dies, a master die and a system bus. Each slave die includes a slave device and a slave-side wireless bus interface (WBI) coupled to the slave device. The master die includes a master device, one or more bus-side WBIs coupled to the master device. Each bus-side WBI is configured to be wirelessly coupled to at least one slave-side WBI of the one or more slave dies and a system bus. The system bus includes the one or more bus-side WBIs and the slave-side WBIs of the one or more slave-side dies. The system bus is configured to exchange information between the master device and the slave devices of the one or more slave dies.

Abstract: The subject-matter described herein relates to a computer-implemented method of enabling interoperability between a first knowledge base and a second knowledge base. Each knowledge base is graphically represented and includes a plurality of nodes each defining a concept and a plurality of relations linking the plurality of nodes. The first knowledge base and the second knowledge base are encoded using different coding standards. The method comprises: identifying an entity from the plurality of entities in the second knowledge base; obtaining a mapping between the identified entity from the second knowledge base and a matching entity from the first knowledge base; and creating and storing a link between the identified entity from the second knowledge base and the matching entity from the first knowledge base.

Abstract: A text processing method for improving the accuracy of a response to a query directed to a system comprising concepts and relations defined by a knowledge base, wherein the method comprises: (i) producing a dependency tree from the query, wherein the dependency tree has at least one branch containing nodes and at least one connection between those nodes, wherein each node has a node label which corresponds to a term within the query, and wherein each connection has a label which corresponds to the linguistic relationship between terms within the query; (ii) from the dependency tree, generating a query concept using concepts and relations defined by the knowledge base; (iii) checking if the query concept has a subsumption relationship with a candidate concept retrieved from the system, and if no subsumption relationship is initially identified, optimising the dependency tree by changing the nodes, followed by repeating steps (ii) and (iii); and wherein the query concept and the candidate concept comprise at

Abstract: A computer implemented method for classifying molecular structures is provided. The method includes representing the elements and atoms in a molecular structure as nodes and the bonds as relations as a first graphical representation. The method also includes mapping said first graphical representation into a second graphical representation wherein the mapping comprises using an attention mechanism, said attention mechanism establishes the importance of specific feature vectors dependent on their neighbourhood and the relations between the feature vectors, said mapping transforming the feature vectors of the first graphical representation to transformed feature vectors in the second graphical representation. The method also includes combining the transformed feature vectors to obtain a third combined representation. The method also includes mapping said third combined representation to a feature vector indicating properties of the molecular structure.

Abstract: A method of training a model, said model being adapted to map a first graphical data structure representation to a second graphical data structure representation, the first graphical data structure representation comprising nodes, with at least one of a plurality of relations between said nodes, the second graphical data structure representation comprising nodes, the mapping comprises using an attention mechanism, wherein said attention mechanism establishes the importance of specific nodes dependent on their neighbourhood and the relations between the nodes, wherein the mapping comprising using a projection kernel to map the nodes of the first graphical structure to nodes of an intermediate representation and using an attention kernel to enact the attention mechanism. The method includes receiving a training data set comprising an output layer and a corresponding input layer. The method also includes training the parameters of the projection kernel and the attention kernel using the training data set.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transferring data maps the data to a modulation code using an encoder circuit having a configuration. A binary symbol of the data is mapped to a modulation code having a plurality of modulation digits and a modulation signal is generated based on the modulation code. A transmitter drive signal is modulated based on the modulation signal. A configuration of the encoder circuit is set based on a determined performance level. The transmitter drive signal may be used to produce an electromagnetic field by generating a positive, negative or zero electrical current in an induction coil of a first semiconductor die. A current induced by the electromagnetic field in an induction coil of a second semiconductor die is demodulated to recover the data whereby the data is transferred from the first semiconductor die to the second semiconductor die.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling access to digital works are described herein, e.g., including receiving a request for a digital work from a requestor; retrieving the digital work from a repository; incorporating a digital signature throughout the digital work specific to a device, wherein the incorporated digital signature includes information identifying the device having the ability to access to the digital work; providing the identified device with a device key associated with the device; encrypting the digital work, wherein the digital work is decryptable using the device key and the identified device; and providing the requestor with the encrypted digital work.