Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a tread development width TDW in a tread portion and a tire maximum width SW which satisfy 0.70?TDW/SW?0.75. A profile line forming an outer surface of a sidewall portion in a tire meridian cross-section includes at least three arcs having mutually different radii of curvature. In the profile line, a radius of curvature R1 of an arc from a first point to a second point, a radius of curvature R2 of an arc from the second point to a tire maximum width position, and a radius of curvature R3 of an arc forming a portion on an inner side in the tire radial direction from the tire maximum width position satisfy R1>R2>R3. A height SDH in the tire radial direction from a bead heel to the tire maximum width position and a tire cross-sectional height SH satisfy 0.47?SDH/SH?0.50.

Abstract: A tread pattern of a pneumatic tire includes three or more circumferential main grooves extending in a tire circumferential direction, a plurality of lug grooves provided in a land portion defined by two circumferential main grooves, and a sipe provided between adjacent lug grooves. The sipe is a composite sipe having a two-dimensional portion and a three-dimensional portion. Among open ends on both sides of the lug groove, an open end on an identical side to an end portion of the sipe at which the two-dimensional portion is provided is provided with a raised bottom portion.

Abstract: A tread portion of a pneumatic tire includes a pair of first main grooves extending in a tire circumferential direction formed at a position on either outer side in the tire lateral direction of a first land portion including a tire equatorial plane; a pair of second main grooves extending in the tire circumferential direction formed at a position outward from the first main grooves in the tire lateral direction; and first lug grooves formed in a second land portion between the first main grooves and the second main grooves, the first lug grooves opening to one of the first main grooves at one end and opening to one of the second main grooves at an other end. The first lug grooves have a groove width of 2 mm or greater and have the same inclination direction in the tire lateral direction with respect to the tire circumferential direction.

Abstract: A test sample of a vulcanized rubber material is placed under a preset placement condition in a fixing frame in a test tank having a predetermined ozone concentration, and detection data is acquired by detecting, over time, with a laser sensor disposed facing a surface of the test sample that has been placed in the test tank, a distance from the laser sensor to the surface of the test sample; and determining a change in a surface state of the test sample between a plurality of points in time by analyzing, with a computation device, the detection data that has been acquired. Such evaluation method and evaluation system for evaluating ozone deterioration of a vulcanized rubber material can accurately determine a change over time in ozone deterioration while reducing working man-hours.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a center land portion, intermediate land portions, and shoulder land portions each with sipes arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction. Center land sipes have a widened portion with a wide groove width at one end. Shoulder land sipes extend from the outer side of a ground contact end in a lateral direction toward an outer main groove. The orientation of the center and shoulder land sipes with respect to the circumferential direction is opposite to the orientation of intermediate land sipes. Respective inclination angles ?CE, ?MD, ?SH of the center, intermediate and shoulder land sipes satisfy ?CE<?MD<?SH<90°, an end of the intermediate land sipe on the side of the inner main groove is between ends of the center land sipes, and at any position on the entire circumference at least one center or intermediate land sipe is present on a meridian.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a block group including shoulder blocks adjacent to each other with a shoulder lug groove therebetween and side blocks adjacent to each other with a side groove positioned on an extension of a shoulder lug groove between the shoulder blocks. Contour lines of side surfaces of the shoulder blocks on the outer side in the tire width direction and contour lines of the top surfaces of the side blocks extend on identical straight lines. Contour lines of the top surfaces of the side blocks, contour lines on a side away from the side groove between the side blocks, and contour lines of the narrow grooves formed on the side blocks each include straight portions extending along the tire radial direction on the side of the shoulder blocks and inclined portions extending in a converging manner toward the side groove between the side blocks.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a tread portion includes a main groove extending in a circumferential direction, and land portions defined by the main groove. A center region is a region where a center land portion included in the land portions is closest to a tire equatorial plane. Shoulder regions are each a region between a position corresponding to 85% of a width of the belt layer in a lateral direction and an end portion of the belt layer in the lateral direction, and intermediate regions are each a region between the center region and a corresponding one of the shoulder regions. A relationship among a tire average thickness Gc in the center region, a tire average thickness Gsh in the shoulder regions, and a tire average thickness Gm in the intermediate regions is within a range of 1.05?(Gc/Gsh)?1.35 and satisfies Gc?Gm>Gsh.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes: a tire inner surface rubber layer constituting a tire inner surface; and an electrically conductive member, at least a part of the electrically conductive member being disposed on an inner cavity side of the tire inner surface rubber layer. The electrically conductive member includes a knitted fabric including a yarn, at least a part of the yarn having electrical conductivity, the knitted fabric having stretchability. The electrically conductive member is electrically connected to an electrical device provided in the tire. The electrically conductive member is disposed extending along the tire inner surface in a tire radial direction, and a direction in which the electrically conductive member extends aligns with a direction in which the knitted fabric has stretchability. The knitted fabric is configured by mixing a yarn having electrical conductivity and a yarn having non-electrical conductivity.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a land portion includes a chamfered portion formed on an edge portion of the land portion on a ground contact edge side, and a lug groove and a narrow groove disposed correspondingly to the chamfered portion. The chamfered portion is formed on the edge portion on a ground contact edge side, and has a chamfered width that increases toward a circumferential direction in the road contact surface of the land portion. The lug groove terminates in the land portion on one end, and is opened to a central portion of the chamfered portion in a longitudinal direction on the other end. The narrow groove is opened to an edge portion of the land portion on an equatorial plane side on one end, and terminates in the vicinity of a maximum width position of the chamfered portion on the other end.

Abstract: Provided is a pneumatic tire. A tread portion includes a plurality of longitudinal grooves extending in the tire circumferential direction, a plurality of lateral grooves extending in a tire lateral direction, and a plurality of blocks defined by the longitudinal grooves and the lateral grooves. Notch portions are formed in portions of a freely-selected pair of blocks adjacent to each other across a longitudinal groove, the portions facing the longitudinal groove. The notch portions face with each other across the longitudinal groove. Each of the notch portions has a notch width and a notch depth larger on a center side in an extension direction of the longitudinal groove than on an outer side in the extension direction of the longitudinal groove.

Abstract: A tire vulcanization mold in which a surface roughness in the groove molding portion of the tread molding surface is made smaller than a surface roughness in the land portion molding portion, in which a surface roughness in the groove molding portion is minimized to 0.12 ?m or less in a range including at least a main groove molding portion, and in which a surface roughness in the land portion molding portion is made to be 3.2 ?m or more, is used to manufacture a tire, and when cleaning the tread molding surface, the tread molding surface is irradiated with a laser beam to remove contaminant adhered to the tread molding surface.

Abstract: A test sample of a vulcanized rubber material is placed under a preset placement condition in a fixing frame in a test tank having a predetermined ozone concentration, and digital image data is acquired by capturing at a fixed point, over time, with at least one camera device, images of a surface of the test sample that has been placed in the test tank; and determining a change in a surface state of the test sample between a plurality of points in time by analyzing, with a computation device, the image data that has been acquired. Such evaluation method for evaluating ozone deterioration of a vulcanized rubber material can accurately determine a change over time in ozone deterioration while reducing working man-hours.

Abstract: A two-part curable adhesive composition includes a main agent (A) containing a urethane prepolymer (a1) and a remaining polyisocyanate (a2), and a curing agent (B) containing a non-crystalline polyol compound (b1) and a polyamine compound (b2). An equivalent ratio of an isocyanate group in a raw polyisocyanate to a hydroxyl group in the polyol compound is from 2.05 to 12. The equivalent ratio of the isocyanate group in the main agent (A) to an amino group in the polyamine compound (b2) is from 1.2 to 6. The equivalent ratio of the isocyanate group in the main agent (A) to the hydroxyl group in the non-crystalline polyol compound (b1) is from 2 to 12.

Abstract: In a tire having a specified mounting direction, groove area ratios Rin and Rout in ground contact regions on the vehicle inner and outer sides, respectively, satisfy Rin>Rout, average land portion areas Ain and Aout of intermediate regions Min and Mout on the vehicle inner and outer sides, respectively satisfy Ain<Aout, the number of blocks Nin, Nout in the intermediate regions Min, Mout, respectively, satisfy Nin?1.5×Nout, total sipe lengths Sin, Sout in the intermediate regions Min, Mout, respectively, satisfy Sin<Sout, and sipes formed in the intermediate region Mout have a three-dimensional structure in a range of 70% or more of a sipe length.

Abstract: A liquid soap dispenser having a press-type nozzle that dispenses liquid soap from the nozzle by being pressed by hand includes a dispenser body, a nozzle, a pump, and the like. The dispenser body is supported inside an upper storage portion by a lower bracket and an upper bracket. A connecting member connects a vertically moving member and the nozzle. When a user places a hand below the nozzle, a human body detection unit detects the hand, and a control unit causes a motor to rotate in a forward direction and raise the vertically moving member from a lower limit position to an upper limit position; and by raising the nozzle from the lower limit position to the upper limit position via the connecting member, liquid soap is automatically dispensed from the nozzle.

Abstract: A tread pattern of a pneumatic tire includes one center continuous land portion and two intermediate continuous land portions that are divided by four circumferential main grooves and that are not provided with lug grooves. Edges on both sides of one center main groove include groove chamfered portions having a chamfered width changing in the circumferential direction in a zigzag shape. In the regions of the intermediate continuous land portions, first sipes extending inward in the lateral direction from shoulder main grooves of the main grooves, which are positioned on outer sides in the lateral direction, are provided. The first sipes each include a sipe main body portion having a constant distance between sipe wall surfaces on a sipe bottom side and a sipe chamfered portion inclined so that the sipe wall surfaces are open toward the tread surface.

Abstract: Provided are a cleaning device and a method for cleaning a vulcanization mold. At the time of cleaning a molding surface of a vulcanization mold by irradiating with a laser beam from a laser head, an inert gas is supplied from a supply nozzle and an irradiation range of the molding surface irradiated with the laser beam is brought into an atmosphere of the inert gas.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a block includes recess/protrusions on a road contact surface. Additionally, a recess/protrusion height of the recess/protrusions is from 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm. A width of the recess/protrusions is from 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm. A recess/protrusion region is where an arrangement interval between adjacent recess/protrusions is not greater than 1.2 mm. A smooth region other than the recess/protrusion region has an arithmetic mean roughness of the road contact surface of the block not greater than 50 ?m. A lateral length of the road contact surface of the block in a tire lateral direction is defined. In this case, the block includes the recess/protrusion region and the smooth region in an optional cross-section in a lateral range of not less than 40% of a lateral length of the road contact surface of the block.

Abstract: A tread pattern of a pneumatic tire includes circumferential main grooves, a land portion defined by the circumferential main grooves in the lateral direction, and sipes at intervals in a circumferential direction, the sipes connecting the circumferential main grooves with each other. Each of the sipes has a peak-like shape protruding to a first side in the circumferential direction. When, in a profile cross-section of the tread portion taken along the lateral direction, an arc passing through two land portion edge points at which a tread surface of the land portion is connected with groove wall surfaces of the circumferential main grooves and having a center point positioned on the equator line is set to a standard profile line, a profile line formed by the tread surface of the land portion is a swelling profile line protruding outward of the standard profile line in a radial direction.