Abstract: Nephelometric measuring devices are described. The nephelometric measuring devices can be configured such that an amount of scattered light having different pathlengths impingent upon one or more scattered-light detectors from a beam propagating through a suspension can result in substantially equivalent sensitivity and in correlation between the scattered-light detectors' response and a turbidity value of the suspension. The response of the scattered-light detector(s) receiving scattered light at a nephelometric angle of 85-110° from a beam of light propagating through the suspension can be in accordance to an equation selected from a group of non-linear equations where: x/y=anxn+an?1xn?1+ . . . +a2x2+a1x+a0; where “n” is an integer greater than 0; “x” is equal to the turbidity value of the suspension; “y” is equal to the response of the scattered-light detector; and “an” are calibration coefficients.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include a backscatter reductant anamorphic beam sampler. The beam sampler can be implemented to measure a power of a reference beam generated by an electromagnetic radiation source in proportion to a power of a working beam. The beam sampler can provide astigmatic correction to a divergence of the working beam along one axis orthogonal to a direction of propagation. The beam sampler can further be implemented to prevent backscatter reentrant radiation from impinging upon a photodetector of the beam sampler resulting in a reduction of error and instability in an assay of the working beam.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include a device for removing energy from a beam of electromagnetic radiation. Typically, the device can be operatively coupled to a turbidity measuring device to remove energy generated by the turbidity measuring device. The device can include a block of material having one of a plurality of different shapes coated in an energy absorbing material. Generally, the device can include an angled or rounded energy absorbing surface where the beam of electromagnetic radiation can be directed. The angled or rounded energy absorbing surface can be configured to deflect a portion of the beam of electromagnetic radiation to a second energy absorbing surface.

Abstract: A stabilised aqueous formazin composition comprises 100 parts by weight water; up to 0.03 parts by weight formazin polymer; 0.4 to 5 parts by weight hexamethylenetetramine; and a buffer composition, wherein the buffer composition is adjusted to maintain a pH of the formazin solution in a range between 8.4 and 10. The stabilised formazin composition has a turbidity of 400 NTU or less. A diluent for preparing the stabilised formazin composition from a formazin stock composition is provided, wherein the diluent comprises hexamethylenetetramine in a concentration of between 4 and 50 g/l and a buffer composition adjusted to a pH of the diluent in a range of from 8.4 to 10.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of displaying colors on an electronic visual display. The colors correspond to a principal color and one or more auxiliary colors each of which is defined by color co-ordinates within a color space. When one or more of the colors is out of the gamut of the display, adjustments are made to the co-ordinates of each color to allow adjusted colors to be displayed that preserve the color differences between the principal color and each of the one or more auxiliary colors.

Abstract: A calibration suspension unit has a container made of a flexible material that is filled with a calibration suspension for the calibration of a turbidity meter. There exists no air supernatant above the calibration suspension in the container. Further, a method for the manufacture of a calibration suspension unit is provided and its use for the calibration of a turbidity meter is described.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of displaying colours on an electronic visual display. The colours correspond to a principal colour and one or more auxiliary colours each of which is defined by colour co-ordinates within a colour space. When one or more of the colours is out of the gamut of the display, adjustments are made to the co-ordinates of each colour to allow adjusted colours to be displayed that preserve the colour differences between the principal colour and each of the one or more auxiliary colours.

Abstract: A device for determining the ion concentration of certain substances, or mixtures of substances, in swimming pool water by admixture of color forming chemical reagents comprising measuring containers and at least one reference container combined to form a row of containers which have a common side wall. An indicating screen with a plurality of fixed, differently tinted indicating windows associated with the individual containers and distributed over the height of the containers is arranged in front of the common side wall, and the indicating windows associated with the reference container or containers are provided with a standard coloration relating to that formed by the color forming reagents.