Abstract: A semiconductor device comprising an N type collector layer formed in an N type semiconductor wafer, a P type base layer which is in contact with the N type collector layer at a PN junction that extends to the surface and which contains an N type impurity material of which the energy of combination with vacancies is great and boron which is a P type impurity material, and an N type emitter layer which is so formed as to be surrounded by this P type base layer and forms a transistor together with the N type collector layer and the P type base layer and which contains the N type impurity materials phosphorus and arsenic. Arsenic or antimony or the like, which are N type impurity materials of which the energy of combination with vacancies is great are diffused in the P type base layer.

Abstract: .alpha.-Silicon nitride powder which is used as a raw material for the preparation of high strength silicon nitride with additives such as magnesia and yttrium oxide, and other sintered materials suitable for high temperatures gas turbine engine components and the like, is prepared by heating a powdered mixture of silica, carbon and at least one component selected from the group consisting of silicon nitride, silicon carbide and silicon oxynitride in a nitrogen containing atmosphere and then optionally subjecting the material to a heat treatment in an oxidizing atmosphere for decarbonization of said material as required.

Abstract: In controlled apparatus in which the output pulses of a common reference oscillator are the reference signals of a plurality of inverters, a synchronizing signal generated once in each cycle is added to the output pulses of the common reference oscillator. A respective control apparatus provided for each inverter detects the synchronizing signal from these output pulses to which the synchronizing signal has been added, and by this means phase matching of the outputs of the inverters is effected.

Abstract: A static type circuit breaker in which a transistor is arranged in the current path by which electrical power is supplied to a load from a power source. If short circuit trouble occurs, the fault current flowing in the load circuit is detected so that a luminous diode in a detector circuit is made to cease emitting light. A phototransistor photocoupled to this luminous diode and arranged in the base circuit of the transistor is made non-conductive and produces a short circuit between the base and the emitter of the transistor, whereby the transistor is made non-conductive so that the fault current is cut off.

Abstract: Electron beam exposing apparatus includes first and second apertures to pass an electron beam and, a deflection device to change the incident position of the electron beam onto the second aperture to control a projected pattern configuration.

Abstract: In an enclosed switchboard in which a circuit breaker in a cubicle is drawn out from or pushed in toward a disconnecting switch, a controlling circuit housed in the cubicle for supplying a signal to the driving device of the circuit breaker and for transmitting a signal relating to the state of the circuit breaker to an external circuit. The controlling circuit is provided with a position switch which responds to the position of the circuit breaker, and two contactors which are constituted so as to be contacted with a contactor mounted on the circuit breaker in the connecting and the testing positions of the circuit breaker.

Abstract: This invention is concerned with a method for forming spherical particles of thermoplastic material, characterized by the step of blowing a stream of gas having thermoplastic particles dispersed therein from a peripheral region into a jet of pressurized hot gas to form the thermoplastic particles into uniform spherical particles. It also provides apparatus for carrying out the foregoing method which includes means for discharging a jet of pressurized hot gas from an outlet port and means for ejecting a stream of gas having thermoplastic particles dispersed therein from the periphery of the outlet port toward the jet of pressurized hot gas.

Abstract: An electrophotographic apparatus includes a photoconductive drum capable of rotating at least two rotations during a series of copying processes, a first charging device for charging the surface of the drum in a negative polarity, a first exposing device, a development device having a magnetic brush unit, and a second charging device for transferring image. A second exposing device is provided to expose the entire surface of the photoconductive drum together with the residual toner after the image transfer process during the second rotation of the photoconductive drum. A third charging device is provided to supply positive charges to the surface of the drum and the residual toner after the second exposure. The residual toner is removed from the photoconductive drum by the above described magnetic brush unit charged in the same negative polarity with that of the first charging device and the image transfer device.

Abstract: A pressure detecting apparatus which comprises a bridge circuit with semiconductor pressure elements; a constant voltage circuit for applying voltage to the bridge circuit; an amplifier circuit for amplifying the output of the bridge circuit thereby to provide an electrical signal proportional to the pressure variation; and a voltage correcting circuit connected between the input of the amplifier circuit and the input of the bridge circuit for amplifying the output of the bridge circuit to feed it back to the bridge circuit, and in which the output of the voltage correcting circuit and the output of the constant voltage circuit are applied to the bridge circuit to improve the linearity of the response characteristic or the pressure-electrical signal output characteristic.

Abstract: In controlled apparatus in which the output pulses of a common reference oscillator are the reference signals of a plurality of inverters, a synchronizing signal generated once in each cycle is added to the output pulses of the common reference oscillator. A respective control apparatus provided for each inverter detects the synchronizing signal from these output pulses to which the synchronizing signal has been added, and by this means phase matching of the outputs of the inverters is effected.

Abstract: A method for metallizing a phosphor screen for a cathode ray tube including the steps of forming a volatilizable substrate on the surface of the phosphor screen and depositing a metal layer on the substrate, followed by heating for volatilizing the substrate, said substrate comprising a laminate of superposed layers respectively representing different organic materials having different thermal decomposition points. This disclosed method is advantageous in that the substrate can be volatilized without causing blistering of the metal layer and the formed metal layer is enabled to reflect light more effectively.

Abstract: A dynamic Random Access Memory having dummy cells and sense amplifier circuits. The sense amplifier circuits consist of a flip-flop circuit with two nodes and a voltage setting circuit. The potential of the ground terminal of the flip-flop circuits is controlled by the voltage setting circuit, whereby when the magnitude of the read-out voltages of the dummy cell and a selected memory cell are being sensed and amplified by the flip-flop circuit, only the charge of that node at which the read-out voltage is lower is discharged at the ground terminal, and the signal level of that data line in which the voltage is higher is kept unchanged.A "1" voltage regeneration circuit is connected to the data line for maintaining a more accurate "1" voltage, permitting speeding up of reading out and writing in.

Abstract: A logic circuit using CMOS transistors, in which electrical power is supplied to a CMOS logic circuit that is formed of P-channel type and N-channel type MOS transistors by way of a depletion type MOS transistor. The output level with respect to the voltage of the power source that is used is set at some point by the design of the depletion-type MOS transistor.

Abstract: A memory and control circuit for the memory with a memory including a first memory plane area having a plurality of memory cells arranged in a matrix array and a plurality of second memory plane areas each having a plurality of nonvolatile memory cells arranged in a matrix array, the first memory plane area being arranged in a superposed relation to the second memory plane area and the memory cell in the first memory plane area being connected to the corresponding memory cell in the second memory plane area; first control lines connected to the second memory plane areas; a first control circuit for selectively driving the control lines to energize the memory cells in the corresponding second memory plane area; a second control line connected to the first memory plane area; and a second control circuit adapted to selectively energize the memory cells of the first memory plane area through the second control line to permit data transfer between the selected memory cell in the first memory plane area and that co

Abstract: A memory apparatus comprises a plurality of memory cells each having a bistable circuit comprising a pair of field effect transistors, a pair of switching transistors connected between a power supply and each output terminal of said paired field effect transistors, and a plurality of pairs of variable threshold insulated gate field effect transistors connected in parallel with the pair of switching transistors, the variable threshold insulated gate field effect transistors in pair constituting a non-volatile memory cell element, and a plurality of gate control lines connected in common to the gates of the paired variable threshold insulated gate field effect transistors.

Abstract: An elongated electric incandescent lamp having a closed envelope the inner diameter of which is less than 16mm and which is filled with an inert gas, a plurality of filaments suspended within the envelope and a getter disposed in the vicinity of each of the filaments.