Abstract: The process of obtaining seismic data includes deploying a seismic energy source and seismic receivers, actuating the source, and detecting seismic energy resulting therefrom at the receivers. The process further includes digitally sampling seismic energy detected at the receivers indexed with respect to time to form a plurality of traces and sorting the traces to form a plurality of shot gathers. In addition, the process includes applying a depth migration technique to the shot gathers to generate two images according to the cross-correlation imaging condition (I0) and the gradient-based imaging condition (I1) for each shot gather. A reflection angle (?) or a general domain parameter (?) is computed at each subsurface position and the images are mapped according to the corresponding reflection angle or the general domain parameter to form common image gathers. Amplitude correction is applied to common image gathers and the images and common image gathers are stored on non-transitory computer-readable media.

Abstract: The process of obtaining seismic data includes deploying a seismic energy source and seismic receivers, actuating the source, and detecting seismic energy resulting therefrom at the receivers. The process further includes digitally sampling seismic energy detected at the receivers indexed with respect to time to form a plurality of traces and sorting the traces to form a plurality of shot gathers. In addition, the process includes applying a depth migration technique to the shot gathers to generate two images according to the cross-correlation imaging condition (I0) and the gradient-based imaging condition (I1) for each shot gather. A reflection angle (?) or a general domain parameter (?) is computed at each subsurface position and the images are mapped according to the corresponding reflection angle or the general domain parameter to form common image gathers. Amplitude correction is applied to common image gathers and the images and common image gathers are stored on non-transitory computer-readable media.

Abstract: Systems and methods for the determination of an optimum salinity type and an optimum salinity of a surfactant microemulsion system are shown. Optimum salinity type and optimum salinity in surfactant/polymer flooding is determined, according to embodiments, by core-flood experiments so that a variety of multiphase flow parameters such as relative permeability and phase trapping that affects oil recovery factor, influences the determination of the optimum salinity type and optimum salinity. The optimum salinity determined from this approach preferably corresponds to the highest oil recovery factor.

Abstract: An optimum salinity profile in surfactant/polymer flooding from formation water to post-flush drive that leads to the highest oil recovery factor is shown. The optimum salinity determined from core-flooding experiments is preferably used in the surfactant slug. The surfactant slug is protected from deterioration by the injection of cushion slugs immediately before and after the injection of the surfactant slug in a reservoir wherein the cushion slugs have the same salinity or about the same salinity as the surfactant slug. According to embodiments, a salinity lower than the lowest salinity of Type III, Csel, is used in the post-flush drive, while formation water could be of any salinity.

Abstract: A pathname-based index is constructed for use in searching for a file of interest that resides in a volume of files. Thus, information contained in the paths present in the volume of files (e.g., directories and subdirectories) is used for efficiently searching for a file of interest. According to certain embodiments, an indexing application searches a volume of files and retrieves information (e.g., metadata) about the files contained therein for storage to a database that can then be searched, rather than requiring the full volume itself to be searched. Further, the file information (e.g., metadata) is indexed in the database based on the files' respective pathname in the volume of files. Thus, information contained in the file's pathname can be utilized in searching the database for information about the file (e.g., for discovering the file as being of interest).