Abstract: Disclosed is circuitry for calculating the magnitude of a received signal from an electrode of a capacitive touch sensitive apparatus. The circuitry includes a first digital signal generating module configured to generate a first digital signal, the first digital signal representing a sinusoidal wave having a first frequency, and a second digital signal generating module configured to generate a second digital signal, the second digital signal representing a sinusoidal wave having the first frequency, wherein the second digital signal is orthogonal to the first digital signal. The circuitry also includes a sensing module for coupling to an electrode array, the sensing module configured to receive the first digital signal, provide a driving signal to at least one electrode of the electrode array based on the first digital signal, and output a received digital signal, wherein the received digital signal is indicative of a capacitive coupling experienced by the at least one electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed a sensing apparatus having a frame element and a displaceable element mounted relative to the frame element. The sensing apparatus comprises a plurality of displacement sensor elements each configured to provide a displacement sensor output signal indicative of a displacement between the frame element and the displaceable element, wherein the plurality of displacement sensor elements are arranged at different spatial locations relative to the displaceable element and configured to provide a displacement sensor output signal indicative of a displacement between the frame element and the displaceable element at the respective spatial location.

Abstract: Described is a touch-sensitive apparatus, including: a plurality of electrodes comprising at least a first electrode and a second electrode; drive circuitry configured to generate a drive signal for driving one or more of the plurality of electrodes; a differential output element comprising a first input and a second input configured to couple to each of the first electrode and second electrode and configured to output a signal indicative of the differential between signals input to the differential output element at the first input and the second input; switching circuitry configured to couple the first electrode to either of the first input or second input of the differential output element and to couple the second electrode to either of the first input or second input of the differential output element; and processing circuitry.

Abstract: A touch-sensitive apparatus includes drive electrodes, comprising at least first and second electrodes; a receiver electrode; drive circuitry configured to generate first and second time-varying voltage signals, wherein the time-varying voltage signals are the inverse of one another; and control circuitry that performs a first measurement on the receiver electrode during a first time period, wherein the control circuitry supplies at least one of the time-varying voltage signals to the drive electrodes during the first time period; and perform a second measurement on the at least one receiver electrode during a second time period, wherein the control circuitry is configured to supply at least one of the time-varying voltage signals to the drive electrodes during the second time period; and determine a resultant signal corresponding to the mutual capacitance between the first electrode and the receiver electrode based on both the first measurement and the second measurement.

Abstract: A displacement sensor comprising: a first electrode and a second electrode displaceably mounted relative to the first electrode; capacitance measurement circuitry configured to make measurements of a capacitance associated with the first and second electrodes and to generate analogue capacitance measurement signals in response thereto; compensation circuitry configured to generate a compensated analogue capacitance measurement signal by reducing a magnitude of a current analogue capacitance measurement signal by an amount indicated by a compensation signal derived from at least one previous analogue capacitance measurement signal; and processing circuitry configured to digitise the compensated analogue capacitance measurement signal and to determine if there is a displacement of the second electrode relative to the first electrode based on the compensated analogue capacitance measurement signal.

Abstract: A sensing apparatus comprising: a displacement sensor comprising capacitance measurement circuitry configured to provide a displacement sensor output signal indicative of a separation between a frame element and a displacement element movably mounted with respect to the frame element; a touch sensor comprising measurement circuitry configured to provide a touch sensor output signal indicative of when an object is determined to be touching the displacement element; and a processing element configured to output a displacement detection signal to indicate there is determined to be a displacement of the displacement element relative to the frame element in response to determining the touch sensor output signal indicates an object is touching the displacement element and a difference between the displacement sensor output signal and a baseline displacement sensor output signal exceeds a threshold value, wherein the baseline displacement sensor output signal is determined from the displacement sensor output signal

Abstract: A touch-sensitive apparatus, the apparatus comprising: a touch-sensitive element comprising an array of electrodes having a first electrode and a second electrode, the second electrode spatially intersecting the first electrode at an intersection point; and measurement circuitry configured to: measure the mutual capacitance at the intersection point of the first and second electrodes; measure the self-capacitance of the first electrode, and measure the self-capacitance of the second electrode; and processing circuitry configured to: determine the presence of a touch on the touch-sensitive element on the basis of a comparison of the measured mutual capacitance at the intersection point to a first threshold and on the basis of a combination of the measured self-capacitance of the first electrode and the measured self-capacitance of the second electrode being greater than or equal to a second threshold.

Abstract: A sensing apparatus comprising a displacement sensor element arranged to sense a separation between a first element (2) and a second element (3) movably mounted with respect to the first element; an acceleration sensor element configured to sense an acceleration associated with the first element; displacement measurement circuitry (4A) configured to make a measurement indicative of separation on the basis of the sensed separation; acceleration measurement circuitry (4C) configured to make a measurement of acceleration on the basis of the sensed acceleration; and a processing element (4D) configured to output a signal to indicate there is determined to be a change in the separation of the second element relative to the first element on the basis of the measurement indicative of separation and the measurement of acceleration.

Abstract: A sensing apparatus including a frame; a capacitive sensor comprising a sensing surface moveably mounted relative to the frame and configured to measure, as a function of time, characteristics of capacitive couplings between the sensing surface and a plurality of objects at different locations over the sensing surface; a displacement sensor configured to detect when there is a displacement of the sensing surface relative to the frame due to a displacement load applied to the sensing surface by one of the objects; and a processing element configured to identify which of the objects applied the displacement load based on changes in the measured characteristics of the capacitive couplings for the respective objects during a time period around when the displacement of the sensing surface is detected.

Abstract: A sensing apparatus for determining relative amounts of force applied to a sensing surface at a plurality of locations, the sensing apparatus comprising: a capacitive sensor element comprising the sensing surface, wherein the capacitive sensor element is moveably mounted; a displacement sensor element for detecting changes in the displacement of the capacitive sensor element; capacitive sensing circuitry coupled to the capacitive sensor element and configured to determine locations for a plurality of objects capacitively coupled to the sensing surface; displacement sensing circuitry coupled to the displacement sensor element and configured to determine changes in the displacement of the capacitive sensor element at a plurality of different locations; and processing circuitry configured to determine a location at which a net displacement load acts on the sensing surface from the determined changes in displacement of the sensor element, and to establish relative amounts of the net displacement load on the deter

Abstract: The touch panel module comprises a touch panel sensor element and a touch panel controller for measuring changes in capacitance associated with one or more sensor electrodes comprising the touch panel sensor element and generating corresponding touch panel output signalling is communicated to the host controller. The capacitance measurement circuit comprises a capacitance measurement channel coupled to a power supply line for the touch panel module, e.g., a ground for the touch panel module, and is configured to measure a capacitance associated with the touch panel module circuitry coupled to this power supply line and to generate corresponding capacitance measurement circuit output signalling for communication to the host controller. The touch panel power supply at the touch panel module is galvanically isolated from the capacitance measurement circuit power supply at the capacitance measurement circuit.

Abstract: A displacement sensor for sensing a change in separation between a first element and a second element along a displacement direction. The sensor comprises a reference electrode mounted to the second element in the form of a conductive trace on a surface of the second element facing the first element. A deformable electrode, e.g. a conductive elastomeric material, is arranged between the first element and the second element so as to overlie the reference electrode. The deformable electrode has a contact surface facing the reference electrode and insulated therefrom. At least part of the contact surface is inclined relative to an opposing surface of the reference electrode such that when the deformable electrode is compressed along the displacement direction there is a reduction in volume between the contact surface and the opposing surface of the reference electrode, thereby changing the capacitive coupling between them.

Abstract: A touch sensor comprises a sensor element for sensing the position of an object over a display screen in a first direction and in a second direction. The sensor element comprises a substrate having an electrode pattern disposed thereon to define an array of sensor nodes. The electrode pattern comprises a plurality of conductors arranged to follow portion of a network of lines extending generally in the first direction, wherein each of the lines follows a zigzag (saw-tooth) pattern comprising an alternating series of first line segments arranged at a first angle to the first direction and second line segments arranged at a second angle to the first direction, and wherein respective ones of the first line segments in each line are co-linear with respective ones of the first line segments in an adjacent line. Such a configuration leads to a reduced visibility of the conductors overlying the display screen.

Abstract: A capacitive sensor comprising: a first electrode; a displacement element moveably mounted relative to the first electrode; and a second electrode coupled to the displacement element so that displacement of the displacement element along a displacement direction changes a separation between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a controller element configured to selectively operate in a displacement sensing mode and in a proximity sensing mode, wherein in the displacement sensing mode, the controller element is configured to electrically couple the second electrode to a reference potential and to electrically couple the first electrode to capacitance measurement circuitry to measure a capacitance characteristic of the first electrode to determine a displacement of the displacement element relative to the reference electrode; and in the proximity sensing mode, the controller element is configured to electrically couple the second electrode to capacitance measurement circuitry to measure a capacitan

Abstract: A touch sensor comprises a sensor element for sensing the position of an object over a display screen in a first direction and in a second direction. The sensor element comprises a substrate having an electrode pattern disposed thereon to define an array of sensor nodes. The electrode pattern comprises a plurality of conductors arranged to follow potions of a network of lines extending generally in the first direction, wherein each of the lines follows a zigzag (saw-tooth) pattern comprising an alternating series of first line segments arranged at a first angle to the first direction and second line segments arranged at a second angle to the first direction, and wherein respective ones of the first line segments in each line are co-linear with respective ones of the first line segments in an adjacent line. Such a configuration leads to a reduced visibility of the conductors overlying the display screen.

Abstract: A touch-sensitive position sensor is disclosed. The sensor comprises an array of first electrodes and an array of second electrodes arranged to cross one another in a pattern to define a sensing surface. The sensing surface has a rectangular shape which is formed into a cylinder such that first and second opposing edges of the sensing surface are adjacent one another. A controller is coupled to respective ones of the first electrodes and the second electrodes and arranged to measure changes in an electrical parameter, e.g. capacitance or resistance, associated with the first and second electrodes caused by the presence of the object adjacent the sensing surface. The controller is further operable to determine a reported position for the object from these measurements in a coordinate system defined relative to the electrodes.

Abstract: A two-dimensional capacitive touch sensor having a cover layer of varying thickness arranged on top of its electrode structure. An array of sensing nodes is formed between edge portions of the receiver electrodes and adjacent portions of the transmitter electrodes. To compensate for the varying thickness of the cover layer, the length of the edge portions per sensing node is varied to equalize node sensitivity across the sensor and thus suppress the systematic variation in node sensitivity which would otherwise arise as a result of the varying thickness of the cover layer.

Abstract: A touch-sensitive position sensor is disclosed. The sensor comprises an array of first electrodes and an array of second electrodes arranged to cross one another in a pattern to define a sensing surface. The sensing surface has a rectangular shape which is formed into a cylinder such that first and second opposing edges of the sensing surface are adjacent one another. A controller is coupled to respective ones of the first electrodes and the second electrodes and arranged to measure changes in an electrical parameter, e.g. capacitance or resistance, associated with the first and second electrodes caused by the presence of the object adjacent the sensing surface. The controller is further operable to determine a reported position for the object from these measurements in a coordinate system defined relative to the electrodes.

Abstract: A two-dimensional capacitive touch sensor having a cover layer of varying thickness arranged on top of its electrode structure. An array of sensing nodes is formed between edge portions of the receiver electrodes and adjacent portions of the transmitter electrodes. To compensate for the varying thickness of the cover layer, the length of the edge portions per sensing node is varied to equalize node sensitivity across the sensor and thus suppress the systematic variation in node sensitivity which would otherwise arise as a result of the varying thickness of the cover layer.