Abstract: At the time for forming an internal gear from a raw material 2 of an internal gear, first, the raw material 2 is externally inserted onto a forming die 3 and fixed to the forming die 3 through a pressing die 4. Next, a forming roll 5 is moved in a direction as indicated by an arrow B of FIG. 6 while rotating the forming die 3. By this, the inner peripheral surface of the raw material 3 is pressed against an outer gear part 3b formed on the outer peripheral surface of the forming die 3 so that an internal gear part 1c is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the raw material 2. The rotating direction of the forming die 3 is selected such that the first end part of the outer gear part 3b located on the front side in the feeding direction of the forming roll 5 is moved ahead in the rotating direction (the direction as indicated by an arrow A of FIG. 6) of the second end part located on the rear side in the feeding direction of the forming roll 5.

Abstract: A carrier is formed with a circular cylindrical supporting part 4a. This supporting part 4a is formed with a receiving hole 4b. A planetary gear 5 is rotatably received in the receiving hole 4. One side part inner peripheral surface and the other side part inner peripheral surface of the receiving hole 4a in the peripheral direction of the supporting part 4a are each formed of a circular arcuate face having a same radius of curvature as the radius of the planetary gear 5. The centers of curvature of the circular arcuate faces forming the one side part inner peripheral surface and the other side part inner peripheral surface, respectively, are spacedly arranged from each other in the peripheral direction of the supporting part 4a.

Abstract: An internal gear 4 and a sun gear 5 are arranged on one end side and the other end side within a housing 1 which is driven for rotation about a rotation axis L. The internal gear 4 and the sun gear 5 are rotatably disposed about the rotation axis L. A first gear part 61 and a second gear part 62, which are different from each other in number of teeth, are formed on one end part and the other end part of a planetary gear 6, respectively. The first gear part 61 is meshed with an internal gear part 42 of the internal gear 4. The second gear part 62 is meshed with an external gear part 51 of the sun gear 5.

Abstract: This invention provides an electrically-powered steering apparatus capable of assisting a steering torque appropriately using a resolver. A reference signal is applied to a resolver arithmetic processing I/F circuit 34 and a resolver arithmetic processing I/F circuit 36 through a reference signal input means 38 and a microcomputer 30 obtains a differential in amplification factor from outputs of the resolver arithmetic processing I/F circuit 34 and the resolver arithmetic processing I/F circuit 36 when the reference signal is supplied. A correction value for computing a position from the outputs of the resolver arithmetic processing I/F circuit 34 and the resolver arithmetic processing I/F circuit 36 is computed from the obtained differential.

Abstract: An interaxle transfer case distributes drive power from an input drive shaft to both a rear propshaft aligned with the input drive shaft and to a front propshaft that is offset from both the input drive shaft and the rear propshaft. Within the transfer case, a planetary gear unit provides for delivering drive power from the input drive shaft to the front and rear propshafts at different speed ratios. A single-pinion differential gear unit within the transfer case provides for unequally dividing drive torque between the front and rear propshafts. Planet gears of the planetary gear unit and pinion gears from the single-pinion differential gear unit are mounted for rotation within a common carrier. The common carrier has one or more extended portions for supporting ends of a transfer case housing.

Abstract: A carrier 2 is fixed to one end opening part of a circular cylindrical apparatus main body 1. A plurality of receiving holes 2d, which extend in parallel with a rotation axis L, are formed in the carrier 2 at the same interval in a peripheral direction. A planetary gear 4 is received in each receiving hole 2d such that the planetary gear 4 can rotate on its own axis. An inner gear 5 and a sun gear 9, which are arranged with their axes aligned with the rotation axis L of the apparatus main body 1, are disposed within the apparatus main body 1. The inner gear 5 is engaged with the planetary gears 4 at the outside thereof. The sun gear 9 is engaged with the planetary gears 4 at the inner side thereof. An engagement part between the inner gear 5 and the planetary gear 4 and an engagement part between the sun gear 9 and the planetary gear 4 are displaced from each other in a direction of the rotation axis L so that they are not overlapped with each other in a direction of the rotation axis L.

Abstract: An electrically-powered steering apparatus capable of detecting abnormality in a first angle detector and a second angle detector includes a steering shaft 12 and a pinion shaft 13 connected to each other through a torsion bar 14. If a differential (|?1??2|) between the steering detection angle ?1 and the steering detection angle ?2 is equal to or over a predetermined value ?0 for a predetermined time, it is detected that abnormality occurs in the angle sensor 15 or the angle sensor 16.

Abstract: The electric power steering mechanism restricts a drive power supplied to a motor to less than a predetermined value if it detects a period of more than 200 mS in which the condition (1) that there is no change in the rotation angle of the rotation angle sensor and the condition (2) that the steering torque is over 7 Nm are satisfied at the same time. Consequently, torque generated by the motor is reduced, so that if end contact state is present, a rack shaft is returned in an opposite direction to the rack end by a reaction of a tire and as a result, a steering shaft is rotated, thereby the motor and the rotation angle sensor being rotated. That is, it is detected that the end contact state is present if there is a change in the rotation angle (Yes in (4) due to decrease in the drive power and that the motor remains stopped due to other reason if there is no change in the rotation angle (No in (4)).

Abstract: The present invention supplies coolant to a grinding wheel surface and reliably guides the coolant to a grinding point on the grinding wheel surface, thereby significantly reducing the amount of coolant to be used.

Abstract: This invention provides an electrically-powered steering apparatus capable of assisting a steering torque appropriately using a resolver. A reference signal is applied to a resolver arithmetic processing I/F circuit 34 and a resolver arithmetic processing I/F circuit 36 through a reference signal input means 38 and a microcomputer 30 obtains a differential in amplification factor from outputs of the resolver arithmetic processing I/F circuit 34 and the resolver arithmetic processing I/F circuit 36 when the reference signal is supplied. A correction value for computing a position from the outputs of the resolver arithmetic processing I/F circuit 34 and the resolver arithmetic processing I/F circuit 36 is computed from the obtained differential.

Abstract: This invention provides an electrically-powered steering apparatus capable of not only carrying out assist control based on a steering angle but also detecting abnormality in a first angle detecting means and a second angle detecting means. In this electrically-powered steering apparatus 10, a steering shaft 12 and a pinion shaft 13 are connected to each other through a torsion bar 14 such that they can be rotated relatively to each other. The steering angle &thgr;1 of the steering shaft 12 and the steering angle &thgr;2 of the pinion shaft 13 are detected by an angle sensor 15 and an angle sensor 16 respectively, and then, an assist force to be generated by a motor M is determined by an assist torque determining means 21 based on at least one of the steering angle &thgr;1 of the steering shaft 12 and the steering angle &thgr;2 of the pinion shaft 13.

Abstract: According to the breaking detection processing, it is determined that (A) iu of AC current (absolute value) supplied to a motor is less than 0.5 amperes or iv thereof is less 0.5 amperes or iw thereof is less than 0.5 amperes, (B) the angular velocity of the motor is 1 rad/s or more and (C) at least any one of the current instruction values id*, iq* is 5 amperes or more in a step and then, a period in which all these three conditions (A)-(C) are satisfied at the same time is determined in another step. Consequently, it is determined that any one of the power supply lines in the motor is broken and a breaking detection flag is set to ON so as to detect the breaking.

Abstract: The electric power steering mechanism restricts a drive power supplied to a motor to less than a predetermined value if it detects a period of more than 200 mS in which the condition (1) that there is no change in the rotation angle of the rotation angle sensor and the condition (2) that the steering torque is over 7 Nm are satisfied at the same time. Consequently, torque generated by the motor is reduced, so that if end contact state is present, a rack shaft is returned in an opposite direction to the rack end by a reaction of a tire and as a result, a steering shaft is rotated, thereby the motor and the rotation angle sensor being rotated. That is, it is detected that the end contact state is present if there is a change in the rotation angle (Yes in (4) due to decrease in the drive power and that the motor remains stopped due to other reason if there is no change in the rotation angle (No in (4)).

Abstract: A tool holder for monitoring the service time of a tool holded on the tool holder is disclosed. A sensor and electric circuit are provided for determining whether or not the machining operation with the tool is executed. Counters are provided for counting time cumulatively during the time when the machining operation is executed, and store the cumulative time as the service time of the tool. The service time is output to a numerical control apparatus via an output device.

Abstract: A sequence instruction display system for use with a programmable sequence controller for displaying a desired sequence instruction and the on-off state of the input or output element corresponding thereto. A buffer memory is provided for storing input and output instructions along with the corresponding on-off states transmitted from a program memory of the sequence controller on an on-line basis with the scan of the program memory in the sequence controller. A numeric key is provided to designate an output instruction. A comparator, on detecting the coincidence of the designated output instruction with an output instruction transmitted from the sequence controller, outputs a signal so as to prevent the buffer memory from further storing the input and output instructions. A data display device displays at a time one of the input and output instructions along with the on-off state stored in the buffer memory.

Abstract: A machine tool is provided with an exchange arm for automatically exchanging tools between a tool spindle and a tool magazine. A drive key and a detent pin protrude respectively from the tool spindle and each of the tool storage portions of the magazine and are engageable, with a predetermined play, with a key-way of each tool. A fine indexing device has a rotatable cam drum on which a first cam segment is formed for indexing the tool spindle to a predetermined angular position following a coarse indexing operation by a coarse indexing device. A second cam segment is further formed on the cam drum to rotate the tool spindle more than the play from said predetermined angular position after a fresh tool is inserted into the spindle, so that a positive engagement between the drive key and the key-way of the tool can be achieved.

Abstract: A machine tool is provided with an exchange arm for automatically exchanging tools between a tool spindle and a tool magazine. A drive key and a detent pin protrude respectively from the tool spindle and each of the tool storage portions of the magazine and are engageable, with a predetermined play, with a key-way of each tool. A fine indexing device has a rotatable cam drum on which a first cam segment is formed for indexing the tool spindle to a predetermined angular position following a coarse indexing operation by a coarse indexing device. A second cam segment is further formed on the cam drum to rotate the tool spindle more than the play from said predetermined angular position after a fresh tool is inserted into the spindle, so that a positive engagement between the drive key and the key-way of the tool can be achieved.

Abstract: A machine tool includes an automatic tool change device for changing a tool between a tool change position on a tool storage magazine and a spindle by a tool change arm. A pair of guard covers are arranged between the tool change position and the spindle to be pivoted in a horizontal plane. A drive means is provided for normally maintaining the guard covers closed and for opening the guard covers to permit a tool change operation.