Abstract: Disclosed herein is a device for turning over a clutch pedal which comprises an arm for turning the clutch pedal over, a rod connecting the arm to the clutch pedal for joint rotation upon working of the clutch pedal and a tension spring provided between the arm and the clutch pedal. When the clutch pedal is worked until it reaches a predetermined position, the direction of force of the tension spring acting on the clutch pedal for returning it to its initial position is changed to assist forward movement of the clutch pedal. The device further includes a means connected to the rod for applying lateral force to the rod.

Abstract: A device for absorbing impact energy including a shaft assembly which includes a tubular member and a rod like member coupled to the tubular member such that the shaft assembly can contract, at least one orifice provided in the shaft assembly and connecting the interior of the tubular member with the exterior of the tubular member, an energy absorbing material provided in the interior of the tubular member and a receiving chamber provided on the shaft assembly adjacent the reduction whereby when impact energy is applied to the shaft assembly, the impact absorbing material flows through the orifice and is contained in the receiving chamber.