Abstract: Catalytic and/or adsorbent compositions are formed with greater flexibility to optimize various properties, such as strength and catalytic activity by employing a synthetic clay binder having a small particle size, e.g., an average particle size no greater than about 100 nm. Embodiments of the present invention comprise compositions containing a catalytic component and/or adsorbent component and laponite which functions as a binder either alone or with an additional binder component. Embodiments of the present invention further include a catalytic and/or adsorbent composition containing an inorganic binder and laponite as a lubricant to facilitate shaping, as by extrusion.

Abstract: The invention is a catalyst composition and process for making and using the catalyst composition. The catalyst composition promotes the combustion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The catalyst composition includes an effective concentration of Group VIII transition metal, such as palladium, an effective concentration of Group IB transition metal, such as copper, and a support, such as microspheroidal alumina.

Abstract: Sulfur oxides are removed in the regenerator zone and rapidly released as H.sub.2 S in the reactor zone of an FCC system employing a particulate SO.sub.x catalytic/absorbent comprising Cu and an alkali metal oxide. Embodiments include the use of an inorganic support, such as alumina or an EC.

Abstract: The invention is a catalyst composition and process for making and using the catalyst composition. The catalyst composition promotes the combustion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The catalyst composition includes an effective concentration of Group VIII transition metal oxide, an effective concentration of Group IIIB transition metal oxide, an effective concentration of Group IIA alkaline earth metal oxide, and, desirably, microspheroidal alumina. The preferred Group VIII transition metal oxide is cobalt oxide. The preferred Group IIIB transition metal oxide is lanthanum oxide. The preferred Group IIA alkaline earth metal is strontium oxide. The process is for producing a combustion promotor catalyst of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide. The carrier for the catalyst is effective in FCC units when used on a support which is other than a mullite-containing support.

Abstract: Sulfur oxides are removed in the regenerator zone and rapidly released as H.sub.2 S in the reactor zone of an FCC system employing a particulate SO.sub.x reducing additive comprising an alkali metal oxide. Embodiments comprise the incorporation of an inorganic support, MgO, CeO.sub.2 or Ag, and V.sub.2 O.sub.5.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for continuously regenerating a catalyst or an adsorbent which comprises the steps of:(a) establishing an ebullating or expanded bed by passing a gaseous stream upwardly through a plurality of particles confined in a regeneration zone,(b) providing a looped pathway in said ebullating bed,(c) passing a spent catalyst into said ebullating bed and moving said spent catalyst along said multi-looped pathway, and(d) removing a regenerated catalyst from said ebullating bed.In the process of this invention, the looped pathway requires substantially all of the particles to traverse a pathway that varies in direction by about 180.degree. from beginning to end of each loop in the pathway. In this process, the particles may be regenerated by lowering the carbon deposited thereon from a range of from about 8 to about 17 wt. % to a range of from about 0.3 to 1.5 wt. %, and the sulfur content of from about 6 to 9 wt. % to a range of from about 0.4 to 1.4 wt. %.