Abstract: A stacked backplane assembly, including two or more backplanes or midplanes having different functionality and combined together so as to form an integral unit, is provided. The backplanes forming the assembly are manufactured with prime and secondary manufacturing holes to enable alignment, so that the resulting tolerance build-up of the assembly is similar to that of a single backplane. Connectors can be arranged on the backplanes of the assembly so that an electronic or optical card can be simultaneously plugged in to one or more of the backplanes that comprise the stacked backplane assembly. The stacked backplane assembly of the embodiments of the invention is illustrated by having power and signal backplanes and midplanes, but can be equally applied to backplanes that provide other types of functionality.

Abstract: Methods and devices are provided for optical demultiplexing and optical multiplexing. An optical wavelength demultiplexer adapted to perform wavelength demultiplexing of an input optical signal containing a plurality of wavelengths is provided. A tuneable filter in combination with a device with a required free spectral range results in a tuneable demultiplexer arrangement which eliminates the need to inventory large numbers of different demultiplexers. Similarly, tuneable lasers in combination with a device with a required free spectral range result in a tuneable multiplexer arrangement.

Abstract: Various methods and apparatuses are provided for performing a radix-M FFT (Fast Fourier Transform) upon N time domain samples to produce N/S frequency domain samples for detecting tones of dithers impressed on channels of a WDM (wavelength Division Multiplexed) optical signal. Successive tones have a tone frequency spacing, &Dgr;fta, and a sampling frequency, fs, is chosen so that fs=N&Dgr;fta/S. S is a spacing given by S=Mw with w being an integer. The radix-M FFT is performed in k=logm(N) stages and within the stages a reduced number of radix-M computations, when compared to the number of radix-M computations of a conventional radix-M FFT, are performed on data points associated with the N time domain samples. This is possible because successive frequency domain samples of the N/S frequency domain samples differ by &Dgr;fta=S&Dgr;f where &Dgr;f is a frequency bandwidth.

Abstract: An optical connection arrangement is provided in an optical path to facilitate changing optical add/drop multiplexer (OADM) and other optical component modules while optical traffic is present on the optical path, with minimal interruption to such traffic. The connection arrangement has a plurality of optical ports to each of which an optical component can be coupled, and one or more optical switches which can be controlled to selectively include in the optical path or bypass each optical port. Such connection arrangements can be coupled in series and/or in parallel for convenient modular add/drop configurations and for opposite directions of transmission of optical traffic on respective optical paths.

Abstract: Provided is a signal detector and method for spectrum analysis and for measuring power of one or more channels of an electrical or optical signal. Each channel may carry a unique modulation tone. A DSP (digital-signal processor) performs DFTs (discrete Fourier transforms) on the signal. Frequency bands of interest which contain a tone that requires detection are processed. Higher layers of coherent integrations are performed on bands which have not detected a tone with a resolution that is suitable for power measurement. The higher layers of coherent integrations are performed by collecting additional data and performing a coherent integration. Further higher layer coherent integrations are performed until all modulation tones have been detected with a suitable resolution or up to a maximum detection latency.

Abstract: The invention describes an optical network architecture which uses a limited number of wavelength channels while providing flexible connections between the network nodes. Each node in the network deploys a fixed wavelength transmitter and a fixed wavelength receiver, whose wavelengths are misarranged so that a set of wavelengths of the transmitter differs from the set of wavelengths of the receiver, and wavelengths of transmitters and receivers at different nodes are arranged so that for any pair of nodes there is at least one common wavelength which is the same for one of the transmitter and receiver at one node and one of the respective receiver and transmitter at the other node, thus providing a direct connection between the nodes. The corresponding structure of the optical add/drop multiplexer/demultiplexer for use at the network node, and method of providing direct connections between the nodes, are also provided.

Abstract: An interconnection module for holding and interconnecting optoelectronic cards is provided. It includes an optical midplane which accommodates and flexibly interconnects N optoelectronic cards on one side of the midplane and M cards on the other side of the midplane. Optical connectors, which are arranged on the midplane and on the cards, provide arrangement of cards on the midplane in one of the two positions, in the first position the cards on opposite sides of the midplane being parallel to each other, and in the second position the cards being perpendicular to each other. Preferably, each of the N cards on one side is connected to a subset of cards on the other side, the number of cards in the subset being variable for each of the N cards and less or equal to M in total. Additionally, a backplane section of the module, having a plurality of connectors joined via laminated strands, may be added as an extension of the midplane to interconnect any required number of cards on same side of the midplane.

Abstract: A method of transmitting interleaved real-time and non-real-time data on a packet based network so as to provide voice Quality of Service comparable to the Time Division Multiplexing realm of traditional telephony. The method reduces packet jitter and delay by employing separate queues for the different types of data as well as through the use of jitter buffers. The interleaving method consists of a number of discrete concepts and mechanisms that when used together in the manner disclosed herein provides consistent high-quality transmission of real-time data over packet/frame/cell-based networks. The elements required for this method include time-slot co-ordination, a dynamic MTU algorithm, and a Multiple queue egress traffic management system.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for an improved system and method of labeling data units with a domain field that is fast, scalable and simple to implement in domain switching applications without adding to the protocol overhead. The system and method are also suitable for point-to-multipoint configurations.

Abstract: The invention describes an optical network architecture which uses a limited number of wavelength channels while providing flexible connections between the network nodes. Each node in the network deploys a fixed wavelength transmitter and a fixed wavelength receiver, whose wavelengths are misarranged so that a set of wavelengths of the transmitter differs from the set of wavelengths of the receiver, and wavelengths of transmitters and receivers at different nodes are arranged so that for any pair of nodes there is at least one common wavelength which is the same for one of the transmitter and receiver at one node and one of the respective receiver and transmitter at the other node, thus providing a direct connection between the nodes. The corresponding structure of optical add/drop multiplexer/demultiplexer for use at the network node, and method of providing direct connections between the nodes, are also provided.