Abstract: Processes and apparatus for analyzing fluid properties of a stream are described. The processes utilize a simulated moving bed system and a rotary valve. The processes involve sending a portion of the pump-around stream to a side chamber where the moisture content of the adsorbent in the side chamber or one or more fluid properties of the stream or both are measured using an analyzer specific to each fluid property.

Abstract: The invention involves a scale collection device that is located within downflow reactor head for removing solids from feed streams to increase reactor operating cycle time without impact on effective reactor space for catalyst loading and reactor pressure drop. More particularly, a scale collection device is in an upper portion of a reactor vessel above a rough liquid distribution tray and a vapor-liquid distribution tray.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) process for cracking multiple feedstocks in a FCC apparatus comprising a first set of feed distributors having first distributor tips and a second set of feed distributors having second distributor tips is provided. A first feed is injected into the riser from first distributor tips. A second feed is injected into the riser from second distributor tips. The first distributor tips and the second distributor tips are positioned at different radii in the riser. The first feed and the second feed are cracked in the riser in the presence of an FCC catalyst to provide a cracked effluent stream. The first distributor tips and the second distributor tips are located into a region of lower catalyst density and a region of higher catalyst density respectively in the riser.

Abstract: A highly active mixed transition metal oxide material has been developed. The material may be sulfided to generate metal sulfides which are used as a catalyst in a conversion process such as hydroprocessing. The hydroprocessing may include hydrodenitrification, hydrodesulfurization, hydrodemetallation, hydrodesilication, hydrodearomatization, hydroisomerization, hydrotreating, hydrofining, and hydrocracking.

Abstract: Processes and apparatuses for benzene and/or toluene methylation under conditions of low temperatures in one of a vapor phase, a liquid phase or a mixed vapor-liquid phase, in an aromatics complex for producing para-xylene are described. More specifically, a process for producing a xylene isomer comprising reacting oxygenates with an aromatic feedstock comprising toluene and/or benzene in a methylation zone operating under alkylation conditions including one of a vapor, a liquid phase or a mixed vapor-liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst to provide a product stream comprising the xylene isomer is described.

Abstract: An apparatus in a radial reactor is described. The apparatus comprises a vertically elongated conduit extending around a circumference of an outer wall of the radial reactor, a vertically oriented cylindrical center pipe in the radial reactor, and a catalyst bed. The conduit comprises an inner face and an outer face and a pair of opposing sides. The inner face has a plurality of slots. The pair of opposing sides have a plurality of slots. There is a riser at a top of the vertically elongated conduit. The catalyst bed is defined by the center pipe and the inner face.

Abstract: The hydroprocessing reactor quench zone internals comprise a collection tray, a mixing chamber, a ring quench distributer, a rough liquid distribution tray, and a vapor-liquid distribution tray. The rough liquid distribution tray has a central pan for receiving vapor and liquid out of the mixing chamber and multiple fluid distribution troughs attached to the central pan that extended radially outwards with the outer end close to the reactor shell. The fluid distribution troughs can include at least one longitudinal baffle, or at least one cross baffle, or both, and optionally an end baffle. The baffles improve the liquid and/or vapor flow in the rough liquid distribution tray.

Abstract: A system that is used for the treatment of a net gas stream is disclosed. The system includes a compressor to produce a compressed gas stream from a net gas stream. The compressor is connected to a pressure swing adsorption unit where the net gas stream is separated to produce a hydrogen product stream and a tail gas stream. Tail gas stream from the pressure swing adsorption unit is sent to a first membrane unit to produce a first permeate stream and a first non-permeate stream. A portion of the tail gas stream is sent to a second membrane unit to produce a second permeate stream and a second non-permeate stream.

Abstract: This present disclosure relates to processes and apparatuses for toluene and benzene methylation in an aromatics complex for producing paraxylene. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to processes and apparatuses for toluene and benzene methylation within an aromatics complex for producing paraxylene wherein an embodiment uses a reactor having a refractory comprising a low iron content refractory.

Abstract: A process for reducing pressure of a vapor stream wherein the vapor stream rotates a turbine wheel within the turbine to transmit rotational movement to an electrical generator and generate electricity. The resulting lower pressure vapor stream reduces a partial pressure of a hydrocarbon vapor or is injected into a reactor to reduce a temperature in the reactor. A recovered electric power measuring system comprises at least one processor; at least one memory storing computer-executable instructions; and at least one receiver configured to receive data from a sensor on an electrical powerline connected to a generator of a turbine, the turbine in fluid communication with a vapor stream wherein the turbine reduces the pressure of the vapor stream and the resulting lower pressure vapor stream is injected into a reactor to reduce a temperature in the reactor or to reduce a partial pressure of hydrocarbon vapor in the reactor.

Abstract: Catalysts used for catalytic reforming are treated with organic chloride to condition the catalysts. Chloride treaters may be located in the product streams to remove the chloride contaminants. The continuous catalyst reforming process, including the catalyst reformer unit and chloride treaters, may be monitored in order to predict when adsorbent replacement or regeneration is needed. For example, one or more sensors and measurement devices may be used to monitor certain conditions or parameters. A system may be configured to take one or more actions in response to certain conditions or parameters being met.

Abstract: New/fresh catalyst is added to a dehydrogenation unit and aged catalyst is removed from the dehydrogenation unit on a continuous or semi-continuous basis while the dehydrogenation unit is in operation. The conversion achieved by the higher activity catalyst results in the production rate of olefin product being maintained at near start-of-run production for longer, with a slower rate of decline. The higher activity catalyst extends run time, reduces feed consumption for each unit of olefin product, and minimizes fresh catalyst expenses.

Abstract: Improved processes for production of gasoline with 95 RONC including a C5-C6 isomerization zone, two C7 isomerization zones, and a reforming zone are described. The first and second C7 isomerization zones share a common stabilizer which strips off the chlorides and removes the light ends. The capital and operating costs of the processes are reduced through the elimination of one of the stabilizer columns and the associated condenser, receiver, trim cooler, and reboiler. The processes improve the RONC of the C7 isomerization product because unconverted methylcyclohexane is recycled back to the second C7 isomerization zone to be converted into dimethylcyclopentane.

Abstract: In an FCC apparatus and process structured packing should be located at the very top of the stripping section in an upper region. The lower region below the structural packing may be equipped with fluidization equipment such as stripping media distributors and one or more gratings. This arrangement enables stripping of entrained hydrocarbons off the incoming catalyst immediately upon entry into the stripping section allowing the entrained hydrocarbon to exit the stripping section with minimized residence time to minimize post-riser cracking. Revamp of stripping sections with tall stripping sections should conducted in this way to improve performance and reduce down-time for equipment installation.

Abstract: A process is provided for increasing the recovery of high-purity hydrogen from a steam cracking process in situations where byproduct methane yield is high relative to hydrogen. After a hydrocarbon gas stream is sent through a cold box and demethanizer, a small proportion of methane is sent through a pressure swing adsorption unit separately from a gas stream that contains hydrogen to increase high-purity hydrogen recovery by about 6%.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for gas-liquid contacting and gas distribution in a bubble contactor. More specifically, the present invention relates to a gas-liquid distribution device that may be used in an ionic liquid co-current gas and liquid up-flow regenerator designed to distribute gas uniformly across the regenerator cross section through restriction orifices on a distribution plate with liquid upcomers.

Abstract: Multiple downcomer trays having increased active area for vapor-liquid contact and separation are described. The increased active area of the tray is achieved by adding raised bubble promoters surrounded by perforated vertical contactors on the tray deck. The bubble promoters and surrounding vertical contactors are located under the downcomers from the tray above. The bubble promoter and surrounding vertical contactor promote uniform fluid flow and contact.

Abstract: This present disclosure relates to processes and apparatuses for removing contaminants from hydrogen streams. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to processes and apparatuses wherein hydrogen is used in units that utilize catalysts that are sensitive to oxygenates. The contaminants like carbon oxides and water are removed simultaneously from the hydrogen stream to provide a rich hydrogen stream with high purity to units that utilizes catalysts that are sensitive to oxygenates.

Abstract: Methods and systems for manufacturing lubrication oils are disclosed. In one embodiment, a method for manufacturing a lubrication oil includes the steps of receiving into an adsorber unit an unconverted oil (UCO) feedstock comprising five and six ring polynuclear aromatic (PNA) compounds and contacting the UCO feedstock with an adsorbent to remove PNA compounds, thereby forming a treated UCO feedstock with a low concentration of five and six ring PNAs.

Abstract: Systems and processes are provided to prevent light ends such as methane, ethylene and ethane from building up in an olefin/paraffin separation system that uses a combination of a membrane and distillation column for this separation. In one embodiment a small stripper column is provided downstream from a selective hydrogenation reactor. In the other embodiment, a surge vessel with a receiver is added to the retentate stream of the membrane unit.