Abstract: Undesirable deposits of precipitated alloying materials are avoided in a sliding gate valve apparatus of the type in which gates are sequentially moved to and from operative position between the pour opening of a teeming vessel and a pour tube assembly for conducting molten metal from the valve apparatus, by forming the gates with through-openings whose axes are inclined in the direction of gate movement to and from their operating position in the valve apparatus, and forming the flow passage in the tube holder of the pour tube assembly with an opening extended in the direction of gate movement. The configuration of the particular gate and pour tube holder constructions are also disclosed.

Abstract: Improved steel strapping and method for producing comprising adding to a steel composition of about 0.25 to about 0.34 wt. % carbon, about 1.20 to about 1.55 wt. % manganese and up to about 0.035 wt. % silicon, an addition consisting of about 0.20 to about 0.25 wt. % vanadium, or 0.35 to about 0.45 wt. % molybdenum, or about 0.35 to about 0.45 wt. % molybdenum plus about 0.12 to about 0.18 wt. % vanadium, casting, hot rolling and cold rolling the steel to strapping form and austempering the steel strapping.

Abstract: A vessel used for transfer of molten metal having a refractory filter wall with filters for removing inclusion from molten metal as it flows through the vessel. The refractory filter wall having passages sized according to a predetermined volume of molten metal that is to be filtered, the desired flow rate of molten metal through the vessel and the limiting characteristics of the filters. In another aspect of the invention, protrusions are provided on refractory walls of the vessel to enhance deposition of non-metallic inclusions on the protrusions by disrupting the boundary layer flow in the molten metal.

Abstract: An improvement is provided in apparatus for retaining refractory in a metallurgical vessel. The improvement includes a wedge-shaped metal ring extending along the inner periphery of a metal shell of the vessel adjacent to an opening at one end thereof and refractory material having an angular surface for abutting an angular surface of the metal ring.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for recovering energy values of waste tar sludge comprises dewatering the waste tar sludge, transporting the dewatered tar sludge in enclosed containers vented through activated carbon to remove volatile hydrocarbons before vapors are vented to the atmosphere, and injecting the dewatered tar sludge into the side wall of a coke oven charging hole along with a stream of coking coal introduced through the top of the charging hole.

Abstract: A span gap runner for detecting and measuring misalignment of rolls in a continuous caster comprises an elongated member having a middle portion recessed from the bottom surface of the member, a position transducer mounted in an aperture of the member and at the midpoint of the member. The member has end portions adapted to span the distance between a three roll segment from a minimum roll spacing to a maximum roll spacing. Span gap is measured between the surface of the middle roll of the three roll segment and a line or plane tangent to the surfaces of the adjacent two rolls.

Abstract: An iron making blast furnace revert briquette composition including finishing mill scale, steelmaking slag, blast furnace dust and a binder wherein the binder includes Portland cement, granulated blast furnace slag cement or mixtures thereof and bentonite. The bentonite improves the cold and hot strength of the briquette.

Abstract: The invention is a method and apparatus for continuously monitoring the application of a coupling to a pipe. The invention operates in several modes. In the position mode, the apparatus rotates the coupling to a desired final position. In the program mode, the apparatus determines the actual location of the hand-tight plane and continuously monitors the torque applied and the number of turns of rotation of the coupling from the hand-tight plane to the desired final position. In either of these modes, the torque applied is monitored and rotation of the coupling is discontinued if a preset maximum torque value is exceeded. If the coupling is rotated to the desired final position without reaching a minimum torque, the pipe and coupling are rejected. An image processing system is employed to locate several critical make-up parameters.

Abstract: A process and electrolyte for forming mound-free coatings of zinc-iron alloy on metal, e.g. steel, sheet and strip comprises passing the article to be plated through an electrolyte bath containing chlorides of iron and zinc and from about 2 to about 6 g/l, and particularly about 2.5 to about 3.5 g/l, of citric acid.

Abstract: A method for desulfurizing molten steel while the steel is subjected to a vacuum dehydrogenation treatment, comprising adding to the steel in a vacuum chamber a desulfurizing agent in lump form and comprising, by weight percent, about 50% CaO, about 38% CaF.sub.2, and about 10% MgO.

Abstract: A blast furnace blowpipe is provided having multipe bosses for a plurality of fuel injection lances spaced around the periphery of the blowpipe.

Abstract: An elastomeric sleeve adapted to be mounted on a reel for winding strip into coil form has metal inserts adjacent a gripper slot opening for preventing flat spots in the coil. The sleeve is designed to permit sufficient expansion when the reel is expanded so that the gripper opening is not pulled apart and a widened gap is not formed therebetween. Preferably, slits are provided on the inner periphery of the sleeve for this purpose. Alternatively, a collar can be mounted on the outboard end of the segment bridging the gripper opening for enhanced structural rigidity to prevent the sleeve from pulling apart the gripper opening upon expansion of the reel.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for decreasing temperature differentials within rectangular metal blooms being heated in a furnace. The apparatus includes elongated internally cooled members located above the blooms adjacent an exit end of the furnace. The longitudinal axes of the internally cooled members are parallel to each other and to the longitudinal axes of the blooms, the latter axes being aligned so as to extend transversely with respect to the direction of movement of the blooms from an entry to an exit end of the furnace.

Abstract: A refractory article is provided for the prevention of vortexing in molten metal as it is drained through a nozzle in a metallurgical vessel. The article has at least one rib extending substantially radially outwardly from an opening therein for draining of molten metal from the vessel, said rib protruding upwardly from an inner surface of the article so as to prevent the formation of rotating boundary layer flow within the molten metal.

Abstract: A pouring pad is provided for use in a tundish during sequence continuous casting. The pouring pad has a plurality of concentric primary ridge portions adjacent to the location of impact of a pouring stream from a ladle with the pad. The primary ridge portions are of a height within a range for creating pockets of recirculation so as to dissipate turbulence without deflection of molten metal from its radially outward flow along the pad. The radial spacing between adjacent primary ridge portions as measured between top inner edge surfaces at corresponding radial points is at least 2.0 times the height of the inner of the adjacent primary ridge portions.

Abstract: This invention describes a method to promote the decarburization reaction of the molten steel in a vacuum refining furnace by adding manganese ore into the molten steel.The added manganese ore melts and release oxygen into the steel bath with the additional dissolved oxygen content effectively promoting the decarburization reaction of carbon steel, even below the 50 ppm level of ultra-low carbon content. The addition of the manganese ore increases the oxygen content of molten steel and enables the vacuum degassification treatment to have an effect similar to that of gaseous oxygen blowing without the excessive refractory erosion of the vacuum chamber lining. In this manner, baths having relatively high carbon contents and/or low dissolved oxygen contents can be effectively decarburized to ultra low carbon levels. This invention and the addition technique are not limited in application to RH vacuum-degassing equipment.

Abstract: A method is provided for obtaining steel with lowered hydrogen levels after ladle treatment. The method includes covering molten steel in the ladle with a particulate mixture consisting essentially of calcium aluminate and dolomitic limestone. The mixture is used in amounts of about 5 to 25 pounds per net ton of molten steel. Using the method of this invention, some steels to be cast without vacuum degassing to reduce the hydrogen level.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in a radial cell-type electrodeposition cell having a radial cathodic conductor roll with a central conductor band for improving the transfer of electric current between the to be plated strip and the conductor band. The apparatus includes a holddown roll which contacts the strip proximate the contact point of the strip and the conductor roll prior to the entry of the strip into the electrolyte bath and a second holddown roll which contacts the strip after the strip has exited from the electrolyte bath. The holddown rolls urge the strip uniformly against the conductor band to improve current transfer to the strip.

Abstract: A degresser snorkel for circulating molten metal from a ladle to a vacuum vessel to thereby degas the molten metal. The degasser snorkel includes an outer castable layer lined over the outer surface of a stainless steel snorkel can. An inner refractory lining is secured to the inner surface of the snorkel can by pressure grout. A plurality of grout keys in the form of annular bands are secured to the inner surface of the steel can and cooperate with the grout in supporting the inner refractory lining. The refractory lining is formed of a plurality of interlocking refractory bricks, each of which has an hour glass-like shape. A plurality of annular rows of the interlocking bricks are built-up to thus form the inner refractory lining.

Abstract: An improvement in apparatus for removing solids from coke oven tar in a flushing liquor decanter. The improvement comprises at least one screen member in the form of a planar metal plate on an endless travel device for passing through tar in the decanter. The screen member serves to remove floating agglomerates from the tar and permit uniform outflow of tar exiting the decanter.