Abstract: An artificial blood vessel formed into a tube from expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), wherein the tube is composed of nodes connected by fibrils creating pores within the wall of the tube. The inner surface of the tube and surfaces of pores comprise a layer extending radially from the inner surface, toward the outer surface of the tube to a depth of 5% to 96%, are chemically treated to make the tube inner surface and pores hydrophilic. Tissue-inducing substances and anti-thrombotic substances are then covalently bonded to the hydrophilic inner surface of the tube and pores. An artificial blood vessel of the invention exhibits a good patency ratio for a long period of time.