Abstract: A method of operating a dual fuel internal combustion engine of the diesel-type is provided. The method includes pre-mixing a first fuel in a combustion chamber and/or in an inlet port, compressing a charge containing the first fuel to conditions that allow auto-ignition of a second fuel, performing a first injection of the second fuel into the combustion chamber to initiate auto-ignition of the second fuel for igniting the first fuel, thereby initiating conditions for pre-mixed flame propagation combustion of the first fuel. At least one subsequent injection is performed in which additional kinetic energy is supplied into the combustion process to thereby enhance turbulence intensity and propagation speed of the flame and/or enhance late mixing in the combustion chamber, so a to improve late oxidation during combustion. A dual fuel combustion engine of the diesel engine type.

Abstract: A method is provided for enhancing safety and traffic efficiency for vehicles transmitting information on an expected behavior of a driver of an ego vehicle in response to a stimulus including the steps of (i) sensing a parameter of the stimulus in order to generate a stimulus signal function of the sensed parameter, (ii) monitoring the stimulus signal function of the sensed parameter, (iii) calculating an expected future driver's behavior in response to the stimulus using said stimulus signal, (iv) comparing the expected future driver behavior with a standard driver behavior, and (v) emitting a warning signal to the surrounding of the ego vehicle in case the expected future driving behavior is not a standard behavior. Additionally, a system operating according to said method is disclosed.

Abstract: A combustion engine includes a combustion engine piston cylinder including an interior wall surface, the interior wall surface having a textured pattern comprising a plurality of texture elements over at least part of an axial length of the interior will surface. An area density and/or a volume of the texture elements of the textured pattern for a given surface area of the interior wall surface and/or a depth of the texture elements increases toward a center of the axial length of the interior wall surface.

Abstract: A hybrid powertrain includes a combustion engine, an electric machine arrangement, a gearbox operable to receive motive power from at least one of the combustion engine and the electric machine arrangement for providing motive power to a load of the powertrain. The powertrain is configurable in operation so that its combustion engine is switchable between an inactive state and an active state. The combustion engine is cranked to switch it from its inactive state to its active state. Application of cranking torque to the combustion engine is controlled in operation to substantially temporally coincide with a gear change in the gearbox.

Abstract: A method and internal combustion engine system are provided for keeping an exhaust gas aftertreatment system within its working temperature range during an idle or motoring engine operation mode of an internal combustion engine. The method includes sensing the temperature of the gas at the gas intake side of the internal combustion engine and/or of the exhaust gas; determining whether or not the sensed temperature value is in a predetermined temperature interval or below a predetermined temperature threshold; determining whether the internal combustion engine is in idle or motoring engine operation mode; in case the internal combustion engine is determined to be in an idle or motoring engine operation mode, controlling the temperature of the gas at the gas intake side of the internal combustion engine to be within the predetermined temperature range or below the predetermined temperature threshold by recirculating exhaust gas through a connecting duct by controlling at least one valve.

Abstract: An electromagnetic, continuously variable transmission power split turbo compound includes a turbo compound turbine driven by exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine, and a power split device comprising a magnetic gear arrangement. The magnetic gear arrangement includes a high speed rotor comprising a first quantity of permanent magnets, a low speed rotor comprising a second quantity of permanent magnets, and a plural pole rotor between the high speed rotor and the low speed rotor. A first rotor of the high speed rotor, the low speed rotor, and the plural pole rotor includes a mechanical input drive adapted to be driven by the turbine. A second rotor of the high speed rotor, the low speed rotor, and the plural pole rotor includes a mechanical output drive. A third rotor of the high speed rotor, the low speed rotor, and the plural pole rotor is unconnected to a mechanical drive and includes a controlling rotor for controlling a ratio of input drive angular velocity to output drive angular velocity.

Abstract: A piston is positioned for reciprocal movement in a combustion engine cylinder. Half way between flame plume impingement areas are arranged a first type of protrusions protruding into the combustion chamber and having a smooth form adapted for preserving kinetic energy in a flame plume. Each of the first type of protrusions has a shape of a longitudinal ridge that extends only in the outer bowl area. The first type of protrusions have a left side flank and a right side flank of the ridge when seen from the injector. The left side flank is formed differently compared to the right side flank in order to redirect the movement of a flame plume progressing towards the left side flank in a plane perpendicular to the reciprocal movement, differently compared to corresponding flame plume progressing, towards the right side flank.

Abstract: Systems and methods for providing a stable communication between a vehicle's on-board connectivity layer include at least one vehicle located communication node and at least one vehicle associatable communication node, and an off-board connectivity layer including at least one remote system located communication node, wherein each communication node communicates with at least one other communication node over a communication connection, and in case the communication connection to the at least one communication node is disturbed or interrupted, a communication connection to another communication node is established.

Abstract: A hybrid powertrain includes a combustion engine, an electric machine arrangement, a gearbox operable to receive motive power from at least one of the combustion engine and the electric machine arrangement for providing motive power to a load of the powertrain. The powertrain is configurable in operation so that its combustion engine is switchable between an inactive state and an active state. The combustion engine is cranked to switch it from its inactive state to its active state. Application of cranking torque to the combustion engine is controlled in operation to substantially temporally coincide with a gear change in the gearbox.

Abstract: A fuel-pumping system for a fuel includes at least one reservoir providing a first volume for the fuel and a second volume fur a compression fluid, a separator membrane between the first volume and the second volume, an inlet port of the at least one reservoir for feeding the fuel to the first volume, an outlet port of the at least one reservoir for discharging the fuel at a high pressure from the first volume, a fluid port of the at least one reservoir for supplying or removing the compression fluid to or from the second volume. An operating method and a fuel-injection system are also disclosed.

Abstract: A hybrid powertrain includes a combustion engine, an electric machine arrangement, a gearbox operable to receive motive power from at least one of the combustion engine and the electric machine arrangement for providing motive power to a load of the powertrain. The powertrain is configurable in operation so that its combustion engine is switchable between an inactive state and an active state. The combustion engine is cranked to switch it from its inactive state to its active state. Application of cranking torque to the combustion engine is controlled in operation to substantially temporally coincide with a gear change in the gearbox.

Abstract: A system and a method for operating a variable-displacement compressor are provided wherein a volume of a compression chamber of at least one cylinder is varied during a compression cycle, wherein during the cycle the at least one cylinder is alternately coupled to a low pressure side and a high pressure side of the compressor. A first thermodynamic state of the low pressure side and a second thermodynamic state of the high pressure side can be estimated and a current compression ratio ( v in v out ) of the compressor can be estimated. Accordingly, a compressor displacement (D) as a function of the compression ratio ( v in v out ) can be calculated. From this, a compressor torque (M) depending on the calculated displacement (D) can be computed, and the compressor torque (M) can be provided to a control unit for operating the compressor or an engine coupled to the compressor.

Abstract: A diagnosis and maintenance method, a diagnosis and maintenance assembly comprising a central server and a system, and a computer program for diagnosis and maintenance for a plurality of systems, particularly for a plurality of vehicles, wherein each system provides at least one system-related signal which provides the basis for the diagnosis and/or maintenance of/for the system are provided. The basis for diagnosis and/or maintenance is determined by determining for each system at least one relation between the system-related signals, comparing the compatible determined relations, determining for the plurality of systems based on the result of the comparison which relations are significant relations and providing a diagnosis and/or maintenance decision based on the determined significant relations.

Abstract: A piston is arranged for reciprocal movement in a combustion engine cylinder. Protrusions are or a ridge is arranged half way between flame plume impingement areas in a plane perpendicular to the reciprocal movement and protrude to the combustion chamber having a smooth form adapted for preserving kinetic energy in a flame plume. The protrusion or ridge includes a left side flank, a top section and a right side flank, and a transition section between each of the side flanks and the top section, the transition section including a deflection edge in order to minimize flow losses.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for presenting information for viewing by a driver of, e.g., a vehicle, of a train, a captain of a ship, a pilot of an airplane, or by any other person who has to gaze in a certain direction, especially for observing or monitoring the environment such as a road in case of a vehicle driver. The information is presented in such a way that such a person is less impaired with respect to his ability to detect changes in the environment when reading such information so that safety especially of driving a vehicle is considerably improved.

Abstract: A method of analyzing data based on the physiological orientation of a driver is provided. Data is descriptive of a driver's gaze-direction is processing and criteria defining a location of driver interest is determined. Based on the determined criteria, gaze-direction instances are classified as either on-location or off-location. The classified instances can then be used for further analysis, generally relating to times of elevated driver workload and not driver drowsiness. The classified instances are transformed into one of two binary values (e.g., 1 and 0) representative of whether the respective classified instance is on or off location. The uses of a binary value makes processing and analysis of the data faster and more efficient. Furthermore, classification of at least some of the off-location gaze direction instances can be inferred from the failure to meet the determined criteria for being classified as an on-location driver gaze direction instance.

Abstract: A blind spot warning device is attachable to a host vehicle's exterior and includes a warning indicating at least one blind spot of the host vehicle to a target object being outside the host vehicle, wherein the warning is only perceptible for the target object in dependence on the target object's relative position to the host vehicle. Further, a blind spot detection system is disclosed, along with a vehicle including such a blind spot warning device and/or such a blind spot detection system.

Abstract: A system and an operating method are provided for supporting lane keeping of a vehicle equipped with a steering device. The system and operating method include providing vehicle related information; providing environment related information; combining vehicle and environment related information; predicting a future trajectory of the vehicle based on vehicle and environment related information; estimating a desired lateral lane position of the vehicle and/or a guiding force; comparing the future trajectory and the desired lateral lane position; deciding if a guiding force is to be provided to the steering device; and, if guiding force is to be provided, defining an amount of said guiding force depending on a hierarchically ordered set describing a predetermined driving behavior of the vehicle, adapting the amount of guiding force depending on the direction in which the vehicle is intended to move and activating one or more actuators for supplying the adapted amount of guiding force to the steering device.

Abstract: System for improving a performance estimation of an operator of a vehicle, comprising a first module implementing a first method for estimating a performance state of vehicle operation, a second module implementing a second method for estimating at least one of a physiological and behavioural state of the operator, a device for sharing an estimated state between one of the first and the second module and the other one of the first and the second module, wherein the implemented estimation method of one of the first and the second module is adjusted based on the state of the other one of the first and the second module, thereby improving the estimation of at least one of the performance state of vehicle operation and the physiological and/or behavioural state of the operator.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to a method, a system and/or a computer readable program. An embodiment of the method includes acquiring an input signal indicative of the operator's expectation of the state of the object at a first point in time; determining a state of the object at a second later point in time based on the input signal; acquiring an input signal indicative of an estimated visual input of the operator at the second point in time; determining the operator's expectation of the state at the second point in time, based on the operator's expectation of the state of the object at the first point in time, and the estimated visual input and the state of the object at the second point in time; and providing an output signal indicative of the operator's expectation of the state at the second point in time.